The development of a multimodal prediction model based on CT and MRI for the prognosis of pancreatic cancer.

Purpose: To develop and validate a hybrid radiomics model to predict the overall survival in pancreatic cancer patients and identify risk factors that affect patient prognosis.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 272 pancreatic cancer patients diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2013 to December 2023, and divided them into a training set and a test set at a ratio of 7:3. Pre-treatment contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images, and clinical features were collected.

CHRM2 and GRIN2A polymorphisms in tardive dyskinesia and cognitive impairments in Chinese Han schizophrenia.

The genetic mechanisms underlying tardive dyskinesia (TD) are crucial for understanding its development. This study aimed to examine the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Glutamate Ionotropic Receptor NMDA Type Subunit (GRIN2A) and Cholinergic Receptor Muscarinic 2 (CHRM2) genes and their interactions with the susceptibility, severity of symptoms, and cognitive function of TD in Chinese Han patients with schizophrenia (SZ). A total of 216 SZ patients were categorized into TD and those without TD (WTD) groups.

Body mass index-specific metabolic profiles in schizophrenia: implications for cognitive dysfunction and psychopathology.

While metabolic dysfunction is linked to schizophrenia, the relationship between metabolic parameters, cognitive function, and psychopathological symptoms across different body mass index (BMI) categories remains inadequately understood. This study aimed to explore the distinct metabolic predictors of cognitive and psychopathological outcomes in schizophrenia patients stratified by BMI. A total of 1034 patients with schizophrenia were recruited and categorized into underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity groups.

Sex differences in event-related potentials and their clinical predictive value in first-episode antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia.

This study explored sex differences in cognitive impairments in first-episode antipsychotic-naive schizophrenia (FEAN-SZ) patients using event-related potentials. A total of 321 FEAN-SZ patients and 146 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled to compare sex differences in the P300 (P3) components elicited by the auditory Oddball paradigm. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were used to assess the clinical symptoms.

Differential patterns of executive dysfunction across depressive phenotype in schizophrenia and major depressive disorder.

Executive functioning (EF) deficits are common in both schizophrenia (SZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, it remains unclear whether specific EF subdomains are differently affected in SZ and MDD, particularly in relation to depressive symptoms. This study aims to investigate EF subdomains in MDD, SZ with depressive symptoms (SZ-D), SZ without depressive symptoms (SZ-ND) and healthy controls (HC), and to explore the relationships between psychopathological symptoms and EF performance.

Plasma Metabolic Characteristics and Potential Biomarker Combinations in Schizophrenia Patients With Tardive Dyskinesia.

Background And Hypothesis: The pathogenesis of tardive dyskinesia (TD) remains unclear, involving multiple biological pathways. This study aimed to explore biomarkers of TD through untargeted metabolomics for the early identification of TD.

Study Design: This study recruited 84 schizophrenia (SZ) patients with TD and 160 SZ patients without TD.

Sex differences in loneliness, social isolation, and their impact on psychiatric symptoms and cognitive functioning in schizophrenia.

Background: Social isolation and loneliness, objective and subjective features of dysfunctional social relationships, are more prevalent in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) than in the general population. This study aimed to explore sex differences in loneliness and social isolation among Chinese chronic SCZ patients, and to investigate their relationships with psychiatric symptoms and cognitive functioning.

Methods: A total of 323 SCZ patients, comprising 136 males and 187 females, were recruited.

Duration of untreated psychosis and cognitive function in first-episode antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia: Evidence from auditory P300.

Objective: The relationship between the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and cognitive function in schizophrenia (SZ) patients remains debated, with no empirical evidence from event-related potential (ERP) studies supporting their association. This study aims to investigate the relationship between DUP and cognitive functions, as well as psychiatric symptoms, in first-episode antipsychotic-naïve SZ (FEAN-SZ) patients using ERP.

Methods: The study included 321 Chinese FEAN-SZ patients and 146 healthy controls.

Multimodal targeting chimeras enable integrated immunotherapy leveraging tumor-immune microenvironment.

Although immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, its efficacy is affected by multiple factors, particularly those derived from the complexity and heterogeneity of the tumor-immune microenvironment (TIME). Strategies that simultaneously and synergistically engage multiple immune cells in TIME remain highly desirable but challenging. Herein, we report a multimodal and programmable platform that enables the integration of multiple therapeutic modules into single agents for tumor-targeted co-engagement of multiple immune cells within TIME.

Sex-specific associations between 10-year cardiovascular risk, clinical symptoms and cognitive impairments in schizophrenia.

Background: Schizophrenia (SCZ) shortens life expectancy, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) as the leading cause of death. The links between psychiatric symptoms, cognitive function and CVD are unclear, and sex differences in this relationship are understudied. This study examined the relationship between clinical characteristics and 10-year cardiovascular risk in males and females with SCZ.

The relationship of cardiovascular disease risk, clozapine antipsychotic use and cognitive function in a large Chinese schizophrenia cohort.

Objective: This study explores the intricate relationship between clozapine use, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, and cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ).

Methods: A cohort comprising 765 patients was stratified based on clozapine usage. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, and glycolipid metabolism were collected.

Early Drain Removal Versus Routine Drain Removal After Pancreaticoduodenectomy and/or Distal Pancreatectomy: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Background: Early drain removal (EDR) has been widely accepted, but not been routinely used in patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and distal pancreatectomy (DP). This study aimed to evaluate the safety and benefits of EDR versus routine drain removal (RDR) after PD or DP.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted on medical search engines from January 1, 2008 to November 1, 2023, for articles that compared EDR versus RDR after PD or DP.

SENP3 sensitizes macrophages to ferroptosis via de-SUMOylation of FSP1.

Ferroptosis, driven by an imbalance in redox homeostasis, has recently been identified to regulate macrophage function and inflammatory responses. SENP3 is a redox-sensitive de-SUMOylation protease that plays an important role in macrophage function. However, doubt remains on whether SENP3 and SUMOylation regulate macrophage ferroptosis.

A nomogram for prediction of early mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery for infective endocarditis: a retrospective single-center study.

Objective: Despite advancements in surgical techniques, operations for infective endocarditis (IE) remain associated with relatively high mortality. The aim of this study was to develop a nomogram model to predict the early postoperative mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery for infective endocarditis based on the preoperative clinical features.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 357 patients with IE who underwent surgeries at our center between January 2007 and June 2023.

The development and validation of automated machine learning models for predicting lymph node metastasis in Siewert type II T1 adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction.

Background: Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is considered an essential prognosis factor for adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG), which also affects the treatment strategies of AEG. We aimed to evaluate automated machine learning (AutoML) algorithms for predicting LNM in Siewert type II T1 AEG.

Methods: A total of 878 patients with Siewert type II T1 AEG were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to develop the LNM predictive models.

Comparative analysis of robotically-assisted versus conventional sternotomy approach in left atrial-myxoma resection: A single-center retrospective observational study.

Background: Minimally invasive surgery has emerged as a favorable alternative to conventional surgery for various cardiac conditions. This study aimed to compare the perioperative outcomes and follow-up results of the robotic approach versus the sternotomy approach for left atrial myxoma (LAM) resection.

Method: We retrospectively analyzed the perioperative outcomes and follow-up results of 94 patients who underwent left atrial myxoma resection using either the sternotomy approach (n = 64) or the robotic approach (n = 30) at our center between January 2017 and April 2023.

Effects and mechanisms of bisphenols exposure on neurodegenerative diseases risk: A systemic review.

Environmental bisphenols (BPs) pose a global threat to human health because of their extensive use as additives in plastic products. BP residues are increasing in various environmental media (i.e.

Synthesis and Characterization of DOPO-Containing Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)s by Oxidative Coupling Polymerization.

A set of polyphenylene oxides incorporating DOPO (9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide) functionality, denoted as DOPO-R-PPO, was synthesized by copolymerization of 2,6-dimethylphenol (2,6-DMP) with various DOPO-substituted tetramethyl bisphenol monomers. In the initial step, a Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction was employed to react 2,6-DMP with different acyl chlorides, leading to the formation of ketone derivatives substituted with 2,6-dimethylphenyl groups. Subsequently, the ketones, along with DOPO and 2,6-DMP, underwent a condensation reaction to yield a series of DOPO-substituted bisphenol derivatives.

Maize plant detection using UAV-based RGB imaging and YOLOv5.

In recent years, computer vision (CV) has made enormous progress and is providing great possibilities in analyzing images for object detection, especially with the application of machine learning (ML). Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) based high-resolution images allow to apply CV and ML methods for the detection of plants or their organs of interest. Thus, this study presents a practical workflow based on the You Only Look Once version 5 (YOLOv5) and UAV images to detect maize plants for counting their numbers in contrasting development stages, including the application of a semi-auto-labeling method based on the Segment Anything Model (SAM) to reduce the burden of labeling.

Associations between Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) polymorphisms and cognitive impairments, psychiatric symptoms and tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia.

Introduction: Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is a crucial enzyme involved in dopamine metabolism and has been implicated in the etiology of tardive dyskinesia (TD). We aimed to investigate the associations between COMT gene polymorphisms and the occurrence and severity of TD in a Chinese population, as well as the impact on the psychiatric symptoms and cognitive impairments observed in TD patients.

Methods: A total of 216 chronic schizophrenia patients, including 59 TD patients and 157 NTD patients, were recruited for this study.

Genetic Susceptibility to Tardive Dyskinesia and Cognitive Impairments in Chinese Han Schizophrenia: Role of Oxidative Stress-Related and Adenosine Receptor Genes.

Objective: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a severe rhythmic movement disorder caused by long-term antipsychotic medication in chronic patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). We aimed to investigate the association between polymorphisms in oxidative stress-related genes (, and ) and adenosine receptor gene (), as well as their interactions, with the occurrence and severity of TD, and cognitive impairments in a Chinese Han population of SCZ patients.

Methods: Two hundred and sixteen SCZ patients were recruited and divided into TD group (n=157) and non-TD group (n=59).

A Dual-Mechanism Targeted Bioorthogonal Prodrug Therapy.

Bioorthogonal prodrug therapies offer an intriguing two-component system that features enhanced circulating stability and controlled activation on demand. Current strategies often deliver either the prodrug or its complementary activator to the tumor with a monomechanism targeted mechanism, which cannot achieve the desired antitumor efficacy and safety profile. The orchestration of two distinct and orthogonal mechanisms should overcome the hierarchical heterogeneity of solid tumors to improve the delivery efficiency of both components simultaneously for bio-orthogonal prodrug therapies.