Psychomotor Development in Infants Following Maternal Exposure to Biologics: Results From the DUMBO Registry.

Background & Aims: The impact of biologic treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) during pregnancy and lactation on infant psychomotor development is barely studied. We investigated the effect of exposure to biologics in utero or during breastfeeding on the psychomotor development of offspring during their first year.

Methods: The study included patients and infants from DUMBO, an ongoing prospective, observational registry of GETECCU enrolling pregnant women (aged ≥18 years) with IBD from 60 centers across Spain.

Diversity and eco-epidemiology of ectoparasites and Rickettsia spp. associated with the opossums Didelphis albiventris Lund in livestock farms from Argentinian Pampas region.

Many ectoparasite species serve as vectors for bacteria that are significant to both public and animal health, with wild, domestic and synanthropic mammals acting as reservoirs. However, limited information exists on the circulation and incidence of these vectors in Argentina. We examined the diversity, prevalence and abundance of ectoparasites, along with the presence of Rickettsia spp.

Withdrawal of antitumour necrosis factor in inflammatory bowel disease patients in remission: a randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial of GETECCU.

Background And Objectives: Primary objectives: to compare the rates of sustained clinical remission at 12 months in patients treated with antitumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) and immunomodulators who withdraw anti-TNF treatment versus those who maintain it.

Secondary Objectives: to evaluate the effect of anti-TNF withdrawal on relapse-free time, endoscopic and radiological activity, safety, quality of life and work productivity; and to identify predictive factors for relapse.

Design: Prospective, quadruple-blind, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial.

Lessons Learned From Bhutan on extending Girls-Only HPV Vaccination Program to Boys: A Qualitative Study.

In 2020, Bhutan pioneered a school-based gender-neutral human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program, achieving an impressive 96% vaccination coverage rate by 2021. This study, conducted through 49 in-depth interviews with community leaders, policymakers, parents, teachers, and health workers, and 12 focus group discussions with boys who received HPV vaccination. We used conventional content analysis to analyze the data.

Barriers and facilitators to tuberculosis diagnosis in Lima, Peru: a mixed methods study.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) infectiousness decreases significantly with only a few days of treatment, but delayed diagnosis often leads to late treatment initiation. We conducted a sequential explanatory mixed methods study to understand the barriers and facilitators to prompt diagnosis among people with TB.

Methods: We enrolled 100 adults who started TB treatment in the Carabayllo district of Lima, Peru, between November 2020 and February 2022 and administered a survey about their symptoms and healthcare encounters.

A single-cell and spatial RNA-seq database for Alzheimer's disease (ssREAD).

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology has been increasingly explored through single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq & snRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST). However, the surge in data demands a comprehensive, user-friendly repository. Addressing this, we introduce a single-cell and spatial RNA-seq database for Alzheimer's disease (ssREAD).

Supporting Latine children's informal engineering learning through tinkering and oral storytelling.

Providing equitable informal science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) learning opportunities to young children from diverse backgrounds may be a way to increase access and interest in STEM and can help to address the broader goal of increasing representation. Importantly, these learning experiences must be meaningful and engage everyday cultural practices. Guided by a strengths-based approach, the current study examines how oral stories as a cultural resource can be harnessed to support Latine children's engagement in a tinkering activity.

Exploring the role of the private sector in tuberculosis detection and management in Lima, Peru: a mixed-methods patient pathway analysis.

In Latin America, little is known about the involvement of private healthcare providers in TB detection and management. We sought to gain a better understanding of current and potential roles of the private sector in delivering TB services in Peru. We conducted a mixed-methods study in Lima, Peru.

A Single-cell and Spatial RNA-seq Database for Alzheimer's Disease (ssREAD).

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology has been increasingly explored through single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq & snRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST). However, the surge in data demands a comprehensive, user-friendly repository. Addressing this, we introduce a single-cell and spatial RNA-seq database for Alzheimer's disease (ssREAD).

Real-World Evidence of Tofacinitib in Ulcerative Colitis: Short-Term and Long-Term Effectiveness and Safety.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to assess the durability, short-term and long-term effectiveness, and safety of tofacitinib in ulcerative colitis (UC) in clinical practice.

Methods: This is a retrospective multicenter study including patients with UC who had received the first tofacitinib dose at least 8 weeks before the inclusion. Clinical effectiveness was based on partial Mayo score.

Spatially resolved transcriptomics reveals genes associated with the vulnerability of middle temporal gyrus in Alzheimer's disease.

Human middle temporal gyrus (MTG) is a vulnerable brain region in early Alzheimer's disease (AD), but little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying this regional vulnerability. Here we utilize the 10 × Visium platform to define the spatial transcriptomic profile in both AD and control (CT) MTG. We identify unique marker genes for cortical layers and the white matter, and layer-specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in human AD compared to CT.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients' experiences obtaining a tuberculosis diagnosis in Peru: a mixed-methods study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted TB services worldwide, leading to diagnostic delays. There have been few published reports describing how the pandemic affected people's pathway to diagnosis from their own perspectives. We sought to evaluate the impact on the pandemic on people's experiences obtaining a TB diagnosis.

Geospatial analysis of reported activity locations to identify sites for tuberculosis screening.

Mobile screening units can help close tuberculosis case detection gaps. Placing screening units where people at high risk for undiagnosed tuberculosis preferentially spend time could make screening more resource-effective. We conducted a case-control study in Lima, Peru to identify locations where people with tuberculosis were more likely to spend time than community controls.

Wolframin is a novel regulator of tau pathology and neurodegeneration.

Selective neuronal vulnerability to protein aggregation is found in many neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Understanding the molecular origins of this selective vulnerability is, therefore, of fundamental importance. Tau protein aggregates have been found in Wolframin (WFS1)-expressing excitatory neurons in the entorhinal cortex, one of the earliest affected regions in AD.

Altered succinylation of mitochondrial proteins, APP and tau in Alzheimer's disease.

Abnormalities in brain glucose metabolism and accumulation of abnormal protein deposits called plaques and tangles are neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but their relationship to disease pathogenesis and to each other remains unclear. Here we show that succinylation, a metabolism-associated post-translational protein modification (PTM), provides a potential link between abnormal metabolism and AD pathology. We quantified the lysine succinylomes and proteomes from brains of individuals with AD, and healthy controls.

Post-translational modifications within tau paired helical filament nucleating motifs perturb microtubule interactions and oligomer formation.

Post-translationally modified tau is the primary component of tau neurofibrillary tangles, a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) within the tau microtubule (MT)-binding domain (MBD), which encompasses two hexapeptide motifs that act as critical nucleating regions for tau aggregation, can potentially modulate tau aggregation as well as interactions with MTs and membranes. Here, we characterize the effects of a recently discovered tau PTM, lysine succinylation, on tau-tubulin interactions and compare these to the effects of two previously reported MBD modifications, lysine acetylation and tyrosine phosphorylation.

Tinkering With Testing: Understanding How Museum Program Design Advances Engineering Learning Opportunities for Children.

Using a design-based research approach, we studied ways to advance opportunities for children and families to engage in engineering design practices in an informal educational setting. 213 families with 5-11-year-old children were observed as they visited a tinkering exhibit at a children's museum during one of three iterations of a program posing an engineering design challenge. Children's narrative reflections about their experience were recorded immediately after tinkering.