Molecular analysis supports the morphological identification of the amphistome Pseudodiscus collinsi (Paramphistomoidea: Platyhelminthes) in wild elephants of Sri Lanka.

Post-mortem examinations of elephants in Sri Lanka's Yala National Park morphologically identified amphistome flukes as Pseudodiscus collinsi, a species previously found in Indian elephants. These Sri Lankan worms had 100% ITS-2 sequence identity with that of the Indian P. collinsi Wayanad specimen (GenBank: PQ046280).

Microcystin-LR exacerbates chronic kidney disease in rats: insights into gut microbiome and host proteome dysregulation.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effects of microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR), an environmental nephrotoxin, on the gut-kidney axis in chronic kidney disease (CKD), focusing on interactions between the gut microbiome and host proteome.

Materials And Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered adenine (200 mg/kg/day) for 10 days to induce kidney injury, followed by MC-LR (10 μg/mL/kg, i.p.

An immunochromatographic device to detect antibodies for rapid diagnosis of human angiostrongyliasis in whole-blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples.

Background: Human angiostrongyliasis is caused by the rat lung worm, Angiostrongylus cantonensis and is often a cause of eosinophilic meningitis (EOM) or meningoencephalitis. Humans are infected by consuming infective larvae from intermediate hosts (snails and slugs), paratenic hosts or contaminated vegetables. Here, a simple and rapid antibody-detection lateral-flow immunochromatographic test (ICT) was developed as a point-of-care tool for supporting diagnosis of human angiostrongyliasis.

One Health integrated strategies for sustainable control of Opisthorchis viverrini infections in rural endemic areas of Thailand.

Background: Opisthorchiasis, caused by Opisthorchis viverrini, poses a significant health risk in northeastern Thailand, increasing the prevalence of cholangiocarcinoma. This study implemented a One Health integrated strategy, targeting human, animal, and environmental factors to reduce O. viverrini prevalence and transmission in an endemic region.

Evaluating the effectiveness and sustainability of a primary healthcare strategy to reduce the prevalence of strongyloidiasis in endemically infected Indigenous communities in Northern Australia.

Background: Strongyloidiasis is endemic in many remote Indigenous communities in Australia. Early diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of chronic strongyloidiasis can prevent life-threatening clinical complications and decrease transmission in these endemic communities. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness and sustainability of a primary healthcare strategy designed to measure and reduce the prevalence of strongyloidiasis in four remote communities in northeast Arnhem Land.

Implementation of an Integrated, Clinical Decision Support Tool at the Point of Antihypertensive Medication Refill Request to Improve Hypertension Management: Controlled Pre-Post Study.

Background: Improving processes regarding the management of electronic health record (EHR) requests for chronic antihypertensive medication renewals may represent an opportunity to enhance blood pressure (BP) management at the individual and population level.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the eRx HTN Chart Check, an integrated clinical decision support tool available at the point of antihypertensive medication refill request, in facilitating enhanced provider management of chronic hypertension.

Methods: The study was conducted at two Mayo Clinic sites-Northwest Wisconsin Family Medicine and Rochester Community Internal Medicine practices-with control groups in comparable Mayo Clinic practices.

Considerable genetic diversity within Paragonimus heterotremus in Luang Prabang, northern Lao People's Democratic Republic.

Paragonimiasis, caused by infection with lung flukes of the genus Paragonimus, remains a significant public health concern in Southeast Asia. In Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), information on the distribution and genetic diversity of Paragonimus species is limited. This study investigated Paragonimus metacercariae in freshwater (mountain) crabs and analyzed their genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships.

Persistent pollutant exposure impacts metabolomic profiles in polar bears and ringed seals from the High Arctic and Hudson Bay, Canada.

Metabolomics measures low molecular weight endogenous metabolites and changes linked to contaminant exposure in biota. However, few studies have explored the relationship between metabolomics and contaminants in Arctic wildlife. We analyzed 239 endogenous metabolites and ∼150 persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including total mercury (THg), in the liver of polar bears and their ringed seal prey harvested from low Canadian Arctic (western Hudson Bay; WHB) and high Arctic (HA) locations during 2015-2016.

Reduced Penetrance is Common Among Predicted Loss-of-Function Variants and is Likely Driven by Residual Allelic Activity.

Loss-of-function genetic variants (LoFs) often result in severe phenotypes, including autosomal dominant diseases driven by haploinsufficiency. Due to low carrier frequencies, their penetrance is generally unknown but typically variable. Here, we investigate the penetrance of >6,000 predicted LoFs (pLoFs) linked to 91 haploinsufficient diseases using a cohort of ≈24,000 carriers with linked electronic health record data.

Swashing motility: A novel propulsion-independent mechanism for surface migration in and .

Bacterial motility over surfaces is crucial for colonization, biofilm formation, and pathogenicity. Surface motility in and is traditionally believed to rely on flagellar propulsion. Here, we report a novel mode of motility, termed "swashing," where these bacteria migrate on agar surfaces without functional flagella.

Analysis of fine-scale phylogeny of Burkholderia pseudomallei in relation to regional geography and drug susceptibility in Thailand.

Melioidosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bp) is a public health threat. Genomic-epidemiology research on this deadly disease is scarce. We investigated whole-genome sequences of Bp isolates in relation to environmental source and drug susceptibility.

A Dynamic Entropy Approach Reveals Reduced Functional Network Connectivity Trajectory Complexity in Schizophrenia.

Over the past decade and a half, dynamic functional imaging has revealed low-dimensional brain connectivity measures, identified potential common human spatial connectivity states, tracked the transition patterns of these states, and demonstrated meaningful transition alterations in disorders and over the course of development. Recently, researchers have begun to analyze these data from the perspective of dynamic systems and information theory in the hopes of understanding how these dynamics support less easily quantified processes, such as information processing, cortical hierarchy, and consciousness. Little attention has been paid to the effects of psychiatric disease on these measures, however.

Paragonimiasis.

Paragonimiasis is a zoonotic disease caused by lung flukes of the genus Paragonimus. Humans usually become infected by eating freshwater crabs or crayfish containing encysted metacercariae of these worms. However, an alternative route of infection exists: ingestion of raw meat from a mammalian paratenic host.

Exploring the second intermediate hosts and morphology of human- and cat-specific Opisthorchis viverrini-like populations.

Infection by the zoonotic fish-borne trematode, Opisthorchis viverrini, remains a crucial health issue in Thailand and neighboring countries. Recently, molecular analysis revealed two populations of putative O. viverrini: one found primarily in human hosts ("human-specific" population) and the other primarily in cats ("cat-specific" population).

RNA-seq analysis reveals changes in mRNA expression during development in Daphnia mitsukuri.

Temporal transcriptional variation is a major contributor to functional evolution and the developmental process. Parthenogenetic water fleas of the genus Daphnia (Cladocera) provide an ideal model to characterize gene expression patterns across distinct developmental stages. Herein, we report RNA-seq data for female Daphnia mitsukuri at three developmental stages: the embryo, juvenile (three timepoints) and adult.

The ribosomal transcription units of five echinostomes and their taxonomic implications for the suborder Echinostomata (Trematoda: Platyhelminthes).

Five newly obtained nuclear ribosomal transcription unit (rTU) sequences from Echinostomatidae and Echinochasmidae are presented. The inter- and intrafamilial relationships of these and other families in the suborder Echinostomata are also analyzed. The sequences obtained are the complete rTU of Artyfechinostomum malayanum (9,499 bp), the near-complete rTU of Hypoderaeum conoideum (8,076 bp), and the coding regions (from 5'-terminus of 18S to 3'-terminus of 28S rRNA gene) in Echinostoma revolutum (6,856 bp), Echinostoma miyagawai (6,854 bp), and Echinochasmus japonicus (7,150 bp).

Design and Implementation of an Einsteinian Energy Learning Module.

The most famous equation in physics,  = , is rarely introduced in middle school physics curricula. Recent research has shown that teaching Einsteinian concepts at the middle school level is feasible and beneficial. This paper analyses an Einsteinian energy teaching module for Year 8 students (13-14 years old), which encompasses the two fundamental energy formulas in modern physics,  =  and  = .

Corrigendum: Complexity changes in functional state dynamics suggest focal connectivity reductions.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.

Wide variation of heterozygotic genotypes of recent fasciolid hybrids from livestock in Bangladesh assessed by rDNA internal transcribed spacer region sequencing and cloning.

Fascioliasis causes high economic losses in livestock and underlies public health problems in rural areas, mainly of low-income countries. The increasing animal infection rates in Bangladesh were assessed, by focusing on host species, different parts of the country, and rDNA sequences. Fasciolid flukes were collected from buffaloes, cattle, goats and sheep from many localities to assess prevalences and intensities of infection.

Climate has contributed to population diversification of Daphnia galeata across Eurasia.

Climate is a fundamental abiotic factor that plays a key role in driving the evolution, distribution and population diversification of species. However, there have been few investigations of genomic signatures of adaptation to local climatic conditions in cladocerans. Here, we have provided the first high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly (~143 Mb, scaffold N50 12.

Responses to predation pressure involve similar sets of genes in two divergent species of Daphnia.

Species that are not closely related can express similar inducible traits, but molecular mechanisms underlying the observed responses are often unknown, nor is it known if these mechanisms are shared between such species. Here, we compared transcriptional profiles of two Daphnia species (D. mitsukuri and D.

Chromosome-scale genome assembly of the freshwater cladoceran crustacean Chydorus sphaericus: A resource for discovery of genes responsive to ecological challenges.

The genus Chydorus Leach 1816 (family Chydoridae) is a diverse and ecologically important taxon within freshwater ecosystems. Despite having been widely used in ecological, evolutionary and eco-toxicological studies, no high-quality genomic resource is available for any member of the genus. Here, we present a high-quality chromosome-level assembly of the C.

Mitogenomic and nuclear ribosomal transcription unit datasets support the synonymy of Paragonimus iloktsuenensis and P. ohirai (Paragonimidae: Platyhelminthes).

The complete mitogenome (mtDNA) of nominal Paragonimus iloktsuenensis (Paragonimidae: Trematoda) and the nuclear ribosomal transcription unit (rTU) coding region (rTU*: from 5'-terminus of 18S to 3'-terminus of 28S rRNA gene, excluding the external spacer region) of this species and of P. ohirai were obtained and used to further support the previously suggested synonymy of these taxa in the P. ohirai complex.