Effect of introducing electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents on the ESIPT process and fluorescence properties of 2-hydroxy-3-phenyliminomethyl-10-butyl phenothiazine derivatives: A DFT/TD-DFT study.

In this study, the influence of various substituents on the fluorescence properties and excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process of 2-hydroxy-3-phenyliminomethyl-10-butyl phenothiazine (Ph) were systematically investigated using density-functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density-functional theory (TD-DFT). Five Ph derivatives were strategically designed by incorporating two electron-donating groups (NH, MeO) and three electron-withdrawing groups (CN, CHO, NO). Analysis the structural parameters and IR spectra revealed that the intramolecular hydrogen bonding in Ph and its derivatives was enhanced in the S state.

Construction of intelligent gymnastics teaching model based on neural network and artificial intelligence.

This study aims to develop intelligent gymnastics teaching model based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN). It addresses key issues in traditional gymnastics teaching, such as difficulty in quantifying the teaching process and lack of personalized guidance. The proposed model integrates Kinect devices and multi-sensor data.

VSG-FC: A Combined Virtual Sample Generation and Feature Construction Model for Effective Prediction of Surface Roughness in Polishing Processes.

Surface roughness is a critical indicator for assessing the quality and characteristics of workpieces, the accurate prediction of which can significantly enhance production efficiency and product performance. Data-driven methods are efficient ways for predicting surface roughness in polishing processes, which generally depend on large-scale samples for model training. However, obtaining an adequate amount of training data during the polishing process can be challenging due to constraints related to cost and efficiency.

Photocatalytic Activation of Peroxodisulfate over the CuFeO/C/SiO Nanocomposite for Tetracycline Hydrochloride Robust Degradation.

The widespread use of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) in treating bacterial diseases in humans and animals has resulted in significant environmental contamination, posing serious risks to water bodies and ecosystem functions. Herein, a novel CuFeO/C/SiO nanocomposite derived from agricultural waste rice husk was developed to address the urgent need for effective TCH degradation. Comprehensive characterization of the synthesized materials conclusively demonstrates the successful incorporation of CuFeO nanoparticles within the C/SiO matrix.

Current-Induced Evolving Mechanical Properties, Formation of Defects, and Interfacial Intermetallic Growth in the Interconnects Bonded with Au Wire.

Continuously improving chip integration and increasing packaging density increase the risk of performance degradation and electromigration (EM) failure on the bonding interface during electrical transmission. While EM failure, as a time-accumulated failure, is one core challenge of semiconductor reliability and is particularly severe in highly integrated chips. However, the polarity differences existing in commercial devices and the evolving polarity characteristics of microscale bonding interfaces have not been well addressed.

The Influence of Pore Size on the Photocatalytic and SERS Performance of Nanoporous Au-Ag Shells.

Nanoporous metals have garnered significant attention in catalysis due to their unique three-dimensional interconnected network structure and pronounced localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties. In this study, nanoporous Au-Ag shells with varying pore sizes (8, 10, 12, and 18 nm) were synthesized, and their catalytic efficiencies were systematically evaluated. The conversion of p-nitrothiophenol (PNTP) to dimercapto-azobenzene (DMAB) was used to investigate the influence of pore size on the reaction kinetics and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effects.

Enhancing Ultrasound Scanning Skills in a Leader-Follower Robotic System through Expert Hand Impedance Regulation.

Traditional breast cancer surgeries require collaboration between ultrasound (US) doctors and surgeons, making the procedure complex and treating physicians prone to fatigue. In leader-follower robotic surgery, a surgeon controls an US robotic arm and an instrument robotic arm with their left and right hands, enabling independent surgical performance. However, the lack of US scanning skills among surgeons, as well as the physical separation in leader-follower operations, can negatively impact both the scanning and surgical outcomes.

GATA6 regulates WNT and BMP programs to pattern precardiac mesoderm during the earliest stages of human cardiogenesis.

Haploinsufficiency for is associated with congenital heart disease (CHD) with variable comorbidity of pancreatic or diaphragm defects, although the etiology of disease is not well understood. Here, we used cardiac directed differentiation from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) as a platform to study GATA6 function during early cardiogenesis. GATA6 loss-of-function hESCs had a profound impairment in cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) specification and cardiomyocyte (CM) generation due to early defects during the mesendoderm and lateral mesoderm patterning stages.

Comparative proteomic and transcriptomic analysis of testicular tissue of yaks with or without cryptorchidism.

Yak is a large plateau mammal with low reproduction rate, while cryptorchidism is a major reproductive disorder associated with infertility in highland yaks. To better understand the occurrence of cryptorchidism and its regulatory mechanisms in yaks, we conducted a multi-omic analysis, and screened a total of 4456 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 332 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between normal and unilateral cryptorchid testes of yaks using high-throughput transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and Tandem Mass Tag (TMT)-based proteomics techniques, with testes from yaks with cryptorchidism as the target. Enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were associated with cell growth, sperm motility, immune regulation, and intercellular tight junctions, and were mainly enriched in pathways related to cell differentiation; amino acid, sugar, and lipid metabolism; cell adhesion, and hypoxia tolerance.

Improvement in long-term survival with mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in systemic sclerosis patients: a propensity score-matched cohort study.

Background: The intricate and varied clinical presentations of systemic sclerosis (SSc) pose significant challenges for treatment. While several studies have investigated the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation (MSCT), the clarity of its long-term outcomes for SSc patients is still lacking.

Methods: Data on MSCT were extracted from the medical records of inpatients at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between January 2013 and December 2022.

Rapid and in-situ detection of iodine and potassium ferrocyanide in table salt using enhanced-Multipass cavity Raman scattering.

The excess of iodine (I) and potassium ferrocyanide (K[Fe(CN)]) to table salt are harmful to both human health and environment. To date, there are still a lack of suitable methods for simple, rapid and in-situ to detect the I and K[Fe(CN)] contents in table salt. Herein, we employ a highly sensitive Raman spectroscopy, which is based on multiple reflection cavities and multi-directional signal collection optical systems, to detect the concentration of trace ions in table salt.

Decoding heterogeneous single-cell perturbation responses.

Understanding how cells respond differently to perturbation is crucial in cell biology, but existing methods often fail to accurately quantify and interpret heterogeneous single-cell responses. Here we introduce the perturbation-response score (PS), a method to quantify diverse perturbation responses at a single-cell level. Applied to single-cell perturbation datasets such as Perturb-seq, PS outperforms existing methods in quantifying partial gene perturbations.

Natural polysaccharides-based smart sensors for health monitoring, diagnosis and rehabilitation: A review.

With the rapid growth of multi-level health needs, precise and real-time health sensing systems have become increasingly pivotal in personal health management and disease prevention. Natural polysaccharides demonstrate immense potential in healthcare sensors by leveraging their superior biocompatibility, biodegradability, environmental sustainability, as well as diverse structural designs and surface functionalities. This review begins by introducing a variety of natural polysaccharides, including cellulose, alginates, chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and starch, and analyzing their structural and functional distinctions, which offer extensive possibilities for sensor design and construction.

Self-powered photoelectrochemical sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer-coupled CBFO photocathode and AgS/SnS photoanode for ultrasensitive dimethoate sensing.

Dimethoate (DIM) is one of the most extensively applied organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), which is used to boost farm productivity due to its high insecticidal efficacy. However, the excessive use of DIM can result in the extensive contamination of soil, groundwater and food. Monitoring of DIM in environmental and food samples is crucial in view of its potential health risks and environmental hazards from excessive residues.

The effect of tocilizumab treatment for skin fibrosis by inhibiting CD38 macrophages in systemic sclerosis.

Background: Dermal and pulmonary fibrosis are the main clinical symptoms of systemic scleroderma (SSc), for which there are no effective therapeutic agents. Tocilizumab is thought to improve the symptoms of fibrosis, but the effect of tocilizumab on dermal fibrosis has not been explored. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effect of tocilizumab on skin fibrosis by inhibiting CD38 macrophages in the bleomycin-induced SSc mice model.

Qualitative and quantitative nondestructive determination of cyanide in water and distilled spirits by Raman integrating sphere.

Cyanide often forms as a byproduct during the fermentation process of distilled spirits, and excessive amounts can cause damage to health. Cyanide poisoning is also common in alcoholic beverages and water. Therefore, the cyanide content measurement in water and distilled spirits is essential.

Parallel genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screens uncouple human pluripotent stem cell identity versus fitness.

Pluripotent stem cells have remarkable self-renewal capacity: the ability to proliferate indefinitely while maintaining the pluripotent identity essential for their ability to differentiate into almost any cell type in the body. To investigate the interplay between these two aspects of self-renewal, we perform four parallel genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function screens interrogating stem cell fitness in hPSCs and the dissolution of primed pluripotent identity during early differentiation. These screens distinguish genes with distinct roles in pluripotency regulation, including mitochondrial and metabolism regulators crucial for stem cell fitness, and chromatin regulators that control pluripotent identity during early differentiation.

CuFeO/lignin-based carbon composited photothermal and photodynamic agents for synergetic antibacterial therapy.

Bacterial infection has become the second leading cause of death in the world. Exploring a new highly antibacterial catalyst to replace traditional antibacterial agent is crucial for the society development of human beings. In this study, CuFeO/Lg-based carbon composited catalysts were rationally constructed by facile hydrothermal method.

GATA6 regulates WNT and BMP programs to pattern precardiac mesoderm during the earliest stages of human cardiogenesis.

Haploinsufficiency for is associated with congenital heart disease (CHD) with variable comorbidity of pancreatic or diaphragm defects, although the etiology of disease is not well understood. Here, we used cardiac directed differentiation from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) as a platform to study GATA6 function during early cardiogenesis. GATA6 loss-of-function hESCs had a profound impairment in cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) specification and cardiomyocyte (CM) generation due to early defects during the mesendoderm and lateral mesoderm patterning stages.

3D printing of fish-scale derived hydroxyapatite/chitosan/PCL scaffold for bone tissue engineering.

In the field of bone tissue repair, the treatment of bone defects has always posed a significant challenge. In recent years, the advancement of bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has sparked great interest in the development of innovative bone grafting materials. In this study, a novel hydroxyapatite (HA) material was successfully prepared and comprehensively characterized.

Fabricating active Egg Albumin/Sodium Alginate/Sodium Lignosulfonate Nanoparticles film with significantly improved multifunctional characteristics for food packing.

In food packaging, sodium lignosulfonate nanoparticles (SLS NPs) showed significant antibacterial properties, antioxidant and UV barrier activities. Herein, the SLS NPs were synthesized via a sustainable green method and were added into egg albumin/sodium alginate mixture (EA/SA) to fabricate a safe, edible EA/SA/SNPs food packaging. A composite film EA/SA/SNP was examined microstructurally and physicochemically.