Accurate polarization characterization of thin film polarizing beamsplitters with cavity ring-down technique.

The cavity ring-down (CRD) technique is employed to accurately measure the polarization characteristics of thin film polarizing beamsplitters (PBS's). The measurement principle and related theory are provided. By establishing and polarized two-channel CRD configurations, the s- and p-polarization transmittance and reflectance values (, , , and ) and the polarization extinction ratio ( = /) of the thin film PBS's are measured with high accuracy.

Ternary Micro/Nano Hierarchical Structured Multifunctional Films with Synergistic Superhydrophobic and Photothermal Properties for Anti-Icing/De-Icing Applications.

Photothermal superhydrophobic coatings are expected to address anti-icing and deicing needs across various fields. However, integrating efficient photothermal performance with stable superhydrophobicity into a single surface remains a challenge. Here, we integrated titanium nitride (TiN) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into composite particles (TPMs) with a sycamore fruit-like structure by utilizing PTFE and further fabricated a photothermal superhydrophobic coating (TPMC).

Development and validation of nomogram for predicting pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer: a multicenter real-world study in China.

Background: The combination of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy (NICT) brings a higher proportion of pathological complete response (pCR) compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). Here we constructed and validated a prediction model to provide a clinical reference for predicting pCR.

Methods: 456 patients who accepted radical gastrectomy after NICT in seven large-scale gastrointestinal medical centers from Jan 2020 to Jan 2025 were enrolled in this study, with 320 patients in the training set and 136 patients in the validation set.

Critical velocity criterion of explosive charges initiated by fragment impact considering impact angle and charge radius.

The initiation criterion is utilized to predict the critical detonation condition of explosives and plays a dominant role in the fields of survivability, vulnerability, and safety. In order to predict the threshold criterion of explosives initiated by fragment impact in three-dimensional scenarios, the detonation threshold velocities of Comp B (61% Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine, 39% 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) explosive charges with different radii under the fragment impact at different polar angles and azimuth angles were obtained by numerical calculations, and further, a three-dimensional initiation criterion was established. The results show that when the impact polar angle of the fragment is fixed, the critical velocity under the same azimuth angle scenario increases as the radius of the charge decreases.

A pair of strongly reductive and oxidative photocatalysts for the general upcycling of biomass derivatives and plastic wastes.

Tailoring photocatalysts to achieve both strongly reductive and oxidative properties from a common scaffold remains challenging. Herein, we report the development of a pair of photocatalysts, isothiatruxene (ITS) and isosulfonyltruxene (ITSO), by modulating the valence states of heteroatoms. ITS exhibits highly reducing power, facilitating selective cleavage of C-O bonds in biomass derivatives despite their negative redox potentials.

A Highly Selective Turn-On Fluorescence Sensor for Detecting Hg Based on Flavonol and Its Applications in Fluorescence Imaging.

Hg has harmful toxicity to both ecosystems and biological systems, so accurate monitoring of Hg is essential. Herein, a novel turn-on fluorescence sensor (HTZ) cooperating flavonol with thiocarbonate group was prepared. It exhibited a wider linear range (0-1 μM) and an ultra-low detection limit (8.

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 Underlies the Metabolic Disorder of Cardiomyocytes in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy From Hypertrophy to Heart Failure.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), characterized by ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis, frequently progresses to heart failure. Although metabolic dysregulation is implicated in HCM pathophysiology, the role of PDK4 (pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4), a key regulator of cardiac glucose and fatty acid oxidation, in HCM-related heart failure remains unknown.

Methods: Single-nucleus RNA sequencing was performed to analyze gene expression in patients with HCM (n=12), categorized into the following groups: normal, reduced, and heart failure.

Plumbagin targets the GLUT1/MMP-2 axis to inhibit oral squamous cell carcinoma progression.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic value of GLUT1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and the effect of plumbagin (PLB) on inhibiting OSCC invasion and metastasis through the GLUT1/Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) axis pathway.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and twenty human OSCC specimens were collected. Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze the expression, clinicopathological characteristics, and prognostic value of GLUT1 in these specimens.

DFT Exploration of a Pd-Doped InSe Monolayer as a Novel Gas Sensing Candidate upon SF Decomposition: SO, SOF and SOF.

Monitoring SF decomposition gases has emerged as a vital diagnostic technique for evaluating insulation conditions and identifying faults in SF-based electrical equipment. This study comprehensively explores the adsorption properties and sensing capabilities of a Pd-doped InSe (Pd-InSe) monolayer for SF decomposition gases, including SO, SOF, and SOF, through density functional theory calculations. The Pd-InSe monolayer is constructed by substituting one Se atom with a Pd atom in the pristine InSe structure.

Novel subtypes of metabolic associated steatotic liver disease linked to clinical outcomes: implications for precision medicine.

Background & Aims: Although metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is associated with high multimorbidity and mortality, existing classification systems and risk prediction models largely ignore the heterogeneity of MASLD. Improved subtype definition could improve prediction of outcomes and inform new precision treatment strategies.

Methods: We analyzed individuals with MASLD from population-based electronic health record resource from UK Biobank (n = 125,197) and Health examinee dataset of Nanfang Hospital (n = 995).

Humidity sensors based on surface-functionalized tunable photonic crystal grating.

Photonic crystal (PC)-based humidity sensors detect changes in humidity using periodic structural color variations and have significant potential in the humidity detection field. However, current technologies typically rely on observing these structural color changes with the human eye. The human eye has limited color discrimination, thus resulting in insufficient detection accuracy.

The engineered bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome: A new strategy for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Inflammatory diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation as the underlying pathogenic mechanism. Current treatments primarily rely on anti-inflammatory and glucocorticoid drugs to suppress inflammation, but these approaches often provide only symptomatic relief without promoting tissue repair. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have demonstrated significant therapeutic potential in inflammatory diseases due to their immunomodulatory properties, ability to promote tissue regeneration, and secretion of various bioactive factors.

Hematopoietic effects of Fufang E'jiao Jiang revealed by microbiome, metabolome and transcriptome analyses: a multi-omics strategy.

Introduction: Fufang E'jiao Jiang has been extensively utilized to replenish qi and nourish blood as the homology of medicine and food.

Methods: We analyzed the effects of FEJ on cyclophosphamide and acetylphenylhydrazine-induced anemia mice through gut microbiome analysis, fecal metabolomics, and transcriptome sequencing.

Results: FEJ markedly alleviated the anemia symptoms in the mice.

Comparative Analysis of Microbial Communities in Each Developmental Stage of in Two Regions in Inner Mongolia, China.

is the most widely distributed tick genus in China. , a predominant tick species in Inner Mongolia, can carry and transmit pathogenic microorganisms. Here, were collected from Ordos (O-D) and Hinggan League (H-D) in the Inner Mongolia.

Efficacy and Safety of Daridorexant in Chinese Patients with Insomnia Disorder: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase III Clinical Trial.

Study Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of daridorexant in Chinese patients with insomnia disorder.

Methods: This was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled Phase III clinical trial in China. Adults aged 18-75 years meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5®) criteria for insomnia disorder, with a baseline Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) ≥15, were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive daridorexant 50 mg or placebo once every evening for 1 month.

A Drug-carrying, multi-scene, absorbable biological suture from fish swim bladder.

Background: Traditional sutures often fail to meet the complex demands of wound closure across diverse anatomical environments. This study introduces a novel drug-eluting, multi-scene absorbable biological suture derived from decellularized fish swim bladder, designed to address limitations in mechanical performance, pH resistance, and foreign body reactions.

Methods: Swim bladders were decellularized, microdissected into 0.

Three-dimensional multimodal imaging for predicting early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after surgical resection.

Background: High tumor recurrence after surgery remains a significant challenge in managing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to construct a multimodal model to forecast the early recurrence of HCC after surgical resection and explore the associated biological mechanisms.

Materials And Methods: Overall, 519 patients with HCC were included from three medical centers.

Prognostic value of lactate dehydrogenase to albumin ratio in first-line chemoimmunotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with platinum-based dual chemotherapy has been widely used as first-line treatment modality for patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to investigate the potential value of lactate dehydrogenase to albumin ratio (LAR) in predicting treatment efficacy in these patients.

Methods: A total of 110 patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC treated with first-line chemoimmunotherapy between January 2021 and March 2024 at Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, were enrolled.

Inhibition of Phosphoglycerate Kinase 1 (PGK1) Decreases Neointimal Hyperplasia after Patch Angioplasty.

Neointimal hyperplasia is a known complication following aorta interventions. In this study, our hypothesis was that inhibiting phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) could effectively reduce aortic neointimal hyperplasia in a rat model of abdominal aortic patch angioplasty. The role of the glycolytic pathway in patch angioplasty was analyzed by next-generation sequencing data, and the core role of PGK1 was found by differential gene analysis.

AAV9-mediated gene supplementation therapy prevents and rescues arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy in Pnpla2-mutated mice.

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited disorder involving ventricular arrhythmias, cardiac dysfunction, and fibrofatty myocardial replacement. Current treatments are largely palliative, with heart transplantation as the only definitive option for advanced ACM. Here, we show that, building upon our previous identification of a patient with a PNPLA2 mutation, we developed a murine model carrying the same mutation, faithfully mimicking key ACM phenotypes such as arrhythmias, lipid accumulation, and fibrosis.

Trends and projections of heart failure among adolescents and young adults: an in-depth analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: The prevalence of heart failure (HF) continues to rise with a growing impact on younger populations, while epidemiological comprehensive data on HF in adolescents and young adults remain scarce.

Objectives: This study aimed to report population shifts and HF burden among individuals aged 15-49 years from 1990 to 2021, with projections through 2035.

Methods: Data were retrieved from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 for individuals aged 15-49 years.

Deprotonation of isoazatruxene enables photocatalytic arylation and phosphorylation of (hetero)aryl halides.

Isoazatruxene and its derivatives, which can be readily synthesized cyclotrimerization, have been discovered as novel organic photocatalysts with high catalytic performance. However, the -unsubstituted isoazatruxene (ITN-1) shows poor absorption in the visible region. Herein, we report that treatment of ITN-1 with CsCO generates the N-centered isoazatruxene anionic species (ITN3-), which exhibits enhanced visible-light absorption and potent reducing ability.

Quality of Life in Patients Aged 60-65 Years Receiving Mechanical versus Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement.

Background: For patients eligible for both mechanical and bioprosthetic valves, postoperative quality of life (QOL) is a key factor in determining the type of prosthetic valve used.

Methods: We reviewed patients aged 60-65 years who underwent isolated aortic valve replacement at our centre. Postoperative QOL was assessed through a telephone follow-up using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire.

Forecasting urban construction waste generation utilizing the TI-TSTLNGM(1,1) Model based on the COOT Algorithm.

To address the challenges in scientifically estimating and predicting construction waste (C&W) generation trends, a novel forecasting method and an enhanced grey model are presented. By transforming the initial sequence and incorporating the three-parameter interval grey number, the model effectively resolves data volatility and incompleteness. For the first time, the combination of the three-parameter interval grey number with waste generation coefficients is introduced to determine the range of C&W generation, providing a novel and more accurate approach for prediction.