Development and molecular cytogenetic characterization of black-grain wheat derived from wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium hybridization.

Thirteen black-grain wheat lines with black endosperm and high grain protein were developed through hybridization between wheat cultivars and Thinopyrum intermedium. These lines are disomic chromosome substitution lines designated DS4B/4J or DS4D/4J. Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth and D.

Cytogenetics and genomics analysis of cold-hardy perennial wheatgrass: insights into agronomic performance, chromosome composition, and gene expression.

Intermedium wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium), a perennial species with extensive root systems and high tolerance to cold, drought, and salinity, is a valuable genetic resource for the development of perennial crops. Over a decade-long selection process, two cold-hardy perennial wheatgrass lines were developed by crossing wheat-Thinopyrum partial amphiploids with Th. intermedium.

Characterization of a Natural Accession of with Hybridization and Agronomic Evaluation.

, valued for its perennial nature, broad adaptability, strong cold tolerance, and high economic value in forage production, plays a crucial role in combating grassland degradation, desertification, and salinization. Using morphological and cytogenetic methods, this study evaluated the cold tolerance, post-harvest regeneration capacity, and perennial characteristics of the accession 20HSC-Z9 in the Harbin region of China from 2020 to 2023. This accession exhibited a germination rate of over 90% and a 100% green-up rate, with purple coleoptiles indicating its strong cold tolerance.

Oral colon-targeted responsive chitosan/pectin-based nanoparticles propels the application of tofacitinib in colitis therapy.

Tofacitinib (Tof), a commercially available pan-Janus kinases inhibitor, is approved for the treatment of moderate to severe ulcerative colitis. However, its clinical application is limited due to dose-dependent systemic side effects. The present study aims to develop an efficient oral colon-targeted drug delivery systems using prebiotic pectin (Pcn) and chitosan (Csn) polysaccharides as a shell, with Tof loaded into a Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) core, and improving it with chondroitin sulfate (Chs), thus constructing Tof@BSA-Chs-CP nanoparticles (NPs).

Tuning the electronic metal-carbon interactions in Lignin-based carbon-supported ruthenium-based electrocatalysts for enhanced hydrogen evolution reactions.

Ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles dispersed on carbon support are promising electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to strong electronic metal-carbon interactions (EMCIs). Defects engineering in carbon supports is an effective strategy to adjust EMCIs. We prepared nitrogen/sulfur co-doped carbon supported Ru nanoparticles (Ru@N/S-LC) using sodium lignosulfonate and urea as feedstocks.

Potassium-Promoted Limestone for Preferential Direct Hydrogenation of Carbonates in Integrated CO Capture and Utilization.

Integrated CO capture and utilization (ICCU) via the reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) reaction offers a particularly promising route for converting diluted CO into CO using renewable H. Current ICCU-RWGS processes typically involve a gas-gas catalytic reaction whose efficiency is inherently limited by the Le Chatelier principle and side reactions. Here, we show a highly efficient ICCU process based on gas-solid carbonate hydrogenation using K promoted CaO (K-CaO) as a dual functional sorbent and catalyst.

Plastic wastes-derived N-doped carbon nanotubes for efficient removal of sulfamethoxazole in high salinity wastewater via nonradical peroxymonosulfate activation.

Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) catalytic activation is effective to eliminate organic pollutants from water, thus the development of low-cost and efficient catalysts is significant in applications. The resource conversion of plastic wastes (PWs) into carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is a promising candidate for PMS-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), and also a sustainable strategy to realize plastic management and reutilization. Herein, cost-effective PWs-derived N-doped CNTs (N-pCNTs) were synthesized, which displayed efficient activity for PMS activation through an electron transfer pathway (ETP) for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation in high salinity water.

Phosphorus Removal from Dirty Farmyard Water by Activated Anaerobic-Digestion-Derived Biochar.

The management of anaerobic digestate is important to realize the value of the waste and enhance the whole system sustainability of anaerobic digestion. In this study, the phosphorus treatment of dirty irrigation water by biochar samples derived from digestate of anaerobic digestion were investigated. The biochars were further activated by steam activation with different duration time and KOH activation with different introducing ratios; the textural properties of biochars were optimized after activation from the aspect of biochar characterization.

The improvement of agronomic performances in the cold weather conditions for perennial wheatgrass by crossing with wheat- partial amphiploids.

(2n=6x=42, StStJJJJ) is resistant or tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses, making it suitable for developing perennial crops and forage. Through five cycles of selection, we developed 24 perennial wheatgrass lines, designated 19HSC-Q and 20HSC-Z, by crossing wheat- partial amphiploids with . The cold resistance, morphological performance, chromosome composition, and yield components of these perennial lines were investigated from 2019 to 2022.

The Application of Biochar for CO Capture: Influence of Biochar Preparation and CO Capture Reactors.

This work investigates three types of biochar (bamboo charcoal, wood pellet, and coconut shell) for postcombustion carbon capture. Each biochar is structurally modified through physical (HO, CO) and chemical (ZnCl, KOH, HPO) activation to improve carbon capture performance. Three methods (CO adsorption isotherms, CO fixed-bed adsorption, and thermogravimetric analysis) are used to determine the CO adsorption capacity.

Effect of type of activating agent on properties of activated carbon prepared from digested solid waste.

Anaerobic digestion has been proved to be a widely used and effective technology. The main challenge for the sustainable biogas industry is to find ways to efficiently recycle and utilize the anaerobic digestate. The conversion of digestion products into activated carbon seems to be an attractive way.

Pyrolysis-catalysis upcycling of waste plastic using a multilayer stainless-steel catalyst toward a circular economy.

Current un-sustainable plastic management is exacerbating plastic pollution, an urgent shift is thus needed to create a recycling society. Such recovering carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) from waste plastic has been considered as one practical route to achieve a circular economy. Here, we performed a simple pyrolysis-catalysis deconstruction of waste plastic via a monolithic multilayer stainless-steel mesh catalyst to produce multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and H, which are important carbon material and energy carrier to achieve sustainable development.

Thermodynamic modelling of integrated carbon capture and utilisation process with CaO-based sorbents in a fixed-bed reactor.

The global emission of CO through fossil fuel combustion is still increasing, which is a major challenge for the international community. An integrated carbon capture and utilisation (ICCU) process with a CaO-based sorbent is a promising alternative to effectively reduce emissions. In this work, a comparative thermodynamic analysis of two CaO-based sorbents (commercial and sol-gel CaO) was performed for one cycle of ICCU.

Carbon nanotubes production from real-world waste plastics and the pyrolysis behaviour.

The investigation of the pyrolysis behaviour of real-world waste plastics (RWWP) and using them as the feedstock to produce carbon nanotubes (CNTs) could serve as an effective solution to address the global waste plastics catastrophe. This research aimed to characterize the pyrolysis behaviour of RWWP via thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and fast pyrolysis-TG/mass spectrometry (Py-TG/MS) analyses. Activation energies (131.

Light Triggered Pore Size Tuning in Photoswitching Covalent Triazine Frameworks for Low Energy CO Capture.

Recently, photo switching porous materials have been widely reported for low energy costed CO capture and release via simply remoted light controlling method. However, most reported photo responsive CO adsorbents relied on metal organic framework (MOFs) functionalisation with photochromic moieties, and MOF adsorbents still suffered from chemically and thermally unstable issues. Thus, further metal free and highly stable organic photoresponsive adsorbents are necessary to be developed.

Integrated CO capture and reverse water-gas shift reaction over CeO-CaO dual functional materials.

Achieving carbon neutrality is one of the most important tasks to meet the environmental challenges due to excessive CO emissions. Integrated CO capture and utilization (ICCU) represents an effective process for direct utilization of CO-contained exhaust gas (e.g.

General approach to surface-accessible plasmonic Pickering emulsions for SERS sensing and interfacial catalysis.

Pickering emulsions represent an important class of functional materials with potential applications in sustainability and healthcare. Currently, the synthesis of Pickering emulsions relies heavily on the use of strongly adsorbing molecular modifiers to tune the surface chemistry of the nanoparticle constituents. This approach is inconvenient and potentially a dead-end for many applications since the adsorbed modifiers prevent interactions between the functional nanosurface and its surroundings.

Efficient microwave-assisted mineralization of oxytetracycline driven by persulfate and hypochlorite over Cu-biochar catalyst.

Microwave (MW)-assisted catalytic degradation of organic pollutants draws increasing attention owing to its high efficiency in wastewater treatment. This work developed Cu-loaded biochar (CuBC) catalysts for time-efficient mineralization of refractory and high-concentration oxytetracycline (OTC). With only 1 min at 80 °C, NaSO achieved 100% total organic carbon (TOC) removal over the Cu5BC, while NaClO mineralized 73.

Application of carbon nanotube prepared from waste plastic to phase change materials: The potential for battery thermal management.

Carbon nanotube (CNT), has been demonstrated as a promising high-value product from thermal chemical conversion of waste plastics and securing new applications is an important prerequisite for large-scale production of CNT from waste-plastic recycling. In this study, CNT, produced from waste plastic through chemical vapor deposition (pCNT), was applied as a nanofiller in phase change material (PCM), affording pCNT-PCM composites. Compared with pure PCM, the addition of 5.

Life-cycle assessment of pyrolysis processes for sustainable production of biochar from agro-residues.

Net carbon management of agro-residues has been an important pathway for reducing the environmental burdens of agricultural production. Converting agro-residues into biochar through pyrolysis is a prominent management strategy for achieving carbon neutrality in a circular economy, meeting both environmental and social concerns. Based on the latest studies, this study critically analyzes the life cycle assessment (LCA) of biochar production from different agro-residues and compares typical technologies for biochar production.

Catalytic valorisation of various paper wastes into levulinic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, and furfural: Influence of feedstock properties and ferric chloride.

Lignocellulosic paper waste constitutes a major waste stream globally, which should be valorised for chemical production. However, paper properties (e.g.

Effective catalytic steam reforming of naphthalene over Ni-modified ZSM-5 via one-pot hydrothermal synthesis.

Ni-modified ZSM-5 catalysts are prepared by a one-pot hydrothermal synthesis method and applied to the steam reforming of naphthalene as a tar model compound. The effects of the reaction temperature, silica-alumina ratio (Si/Al) and metal content on the catalytic performance for reforming naphthalene are investigated. Characterization results indicate that the Ni-modified ZSM-5 catalysts maintain the original MFI structure of ZSM-5 and a portion of Ni is successfully introduced into the zeolite structure.

Application of Carbon Nanotubes from Waste Plastics As Filler to Epoxy Resin Composite.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising nanofillers to enhance the mechanical performance of polymers. Through catalytic conversion, waste plastics can be converted into CNTs, which could be an alternative to commercial CNTs (cCNTs). Exploring a practical application of waste-plastic-derived CNTs will largely promote the technology development related to waste plastic management and CNT production.

[Efficacy of percutaneous short segment fixation in the treatment of Magerl A3 thoracolumbar fractures with low bone mineral density:a retrospective study].

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of percutaneous pedicle screw short segment internal fixation with or without the intermediate screw in the treatment of Magerl A3 thoracolumbar fractures with low bone mineral density.

Methods: Patients with Magerl A3 thoracolumbar fracture underwent percutaneous pedicle screw short segment internal fixation from January 2017 to July 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, 93 cases met the diagnosis and inclusion criteria, 9 cases were excluded according to the exclusion criteria, and the remaining 84 cases obtained complete imaging follow-up data. There were 38 males and 46 females, the age ranged from 56 to 73 years old with an average of (64.

Carbon nanotubes/AlO composite derived from catalytic reforming of the pyrolysis volatiles of the mixture of polyethylene and lignin for highly-efficient removal of Pb(ii).

In the present study, the coked catalysts derived from catalytic reforming of the pyrolysis volatiles of polyethylene (PE), lignin (LG) and their mixture were developed as low-cost and environmentally-friendly carbon materials-containing composites to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solution. The composites were thoroughly characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, TGA and FT-IR and then their adsorption capability towards Pb(ii) was investigated. It is found that curved cone-shape carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with abundant structural defects and O-containing surface functional groups, such as C-O, C[double bond, length as m-dash]O and -OH, can be obtained from the catalytic reforming of the mixture of PE and LG.