Dialysis Preparedness and Access to the Transplant Waitlist: Evidence From a National United States Cohort Study.

Introduction: Individuals who initiate dialysis for kidney failure do so with different levels of preparedness. Whether this has downstream effects for access to kidney transplant is unknown.

Methods: We identified adults (aged ≥ 18 years) initiating dialysis between 2015 and 2019 from the United States Renal Data System and followed-up with them until waitlisting, death, or end of follow-up (December 31, 2021), whichever occurred first.

Wild wisdom meets cultivation: comparative rhizomicrobiome analysis unveils the key role of Paraburkholderia in growth promotion and disease suppression in Coptis chinensis.

Background: The sustained monoculture and irregular planting practices rendered the cultivated Coptis chinensis more prone to various diseases compared to its wild counterparts. Rewilding the rhizomicrobiome of cultivated plants has emerged as a promising strategy to promote plant growth, but ancestral microbiota suitable for C. chinensis remain largely uncharted.

Condensation-dependent multivalent interactions of EB1 and CENP-R regulate chromosome oscillations in mitosis.

Mitotic chromosomes oscillate between the spindle poles upon the establishment of bi-orientation, which is essential for chromosome alignment and subsequent synchronous segregation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the oscillatory movement remain unclear. Recent studies revealed that phase separation of the end-binding protein 1 (EB1) is essential for eukaryotic cell division.

Diabetes prevalence, awareness, and control in the United States, 2017-2023.

Introduction: We compared diabetes prevalence, awareness, and control pre versus post the Covid-19 pandemic.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of the U.S.

The influence of perceived neighborhood disorder on HIV care-related decisions: A qualitative study.

The study used a qualitative approach to explore how perceived neighborhood disorder influences health-related decisions among people living with HIV. Recognizing the crucial role environmental factors play in health behaviors, this research seeks to bridge a gap in understanding how neighborhood dynamics affect individuals with HIV. A qualitative research design with interpretive qualitative analysis was used.

Trends in Sex Disparities in Access to Kidney Transplantation: A Nationwide US Cohort Study.

Rationale & Objective: Women with kidney failure have reduced access to kidney transplantation compared with men. We examined trends in sex inequities in access to transplantation over time.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Descriptive Analysis of Oxygen Dependency and Hemodynamic Changes Following Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy in Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension Patients.

Background Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is characterized by persistent clot burden and secondary vascular remodeling. Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) remains the preferred curative treatment for CTEPH. This study presents a descriptive analysis of surgical outcomes in patients undergoing PTE for CTEPH at a tertiary referral hospital.

Targeted regulation of sterol biosynthesis genes according to perturbations in ergosterol biosynthesis in fungi.

Introduction: The synthesis and regulation of ergosterol are vital for fungal growth and stress adaptation. While ergosterol-mediated feedback regulation is a recognized mechanism controlling sterol biosynthesis in fungi, prior research suggests the presence of additional regulatory mechanisms. However, the specifics of the alternative regulatory mechanisms have not been systematically investigated.

Plasma Proteomic Signatures of Physical Activity Provide Insights into Biological Impacts of Physical Activity and its Protective Role Against Dementia.

Physical activity (PA), including sedentary behavior, is associated with many diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and all-cause dementia. However, the specific biological mechanisms through which PA protects against disease are not entirely understood. To address this knowledge gap, we first assessed the conventional observational associations of three self-reported and three device-based PA measures with circulating levels of 2,911 plasma proteins measured in the UK Biobank (n=39,160) and assessed functional enrichment of identified proteins.

Wound Healing in Older Adults after Major Lower Extremity Amputation.

Background: The higher prevalence of multiple chronic conditions and frailty among older adults may increase the physiologic demand required for wound healing after a major lower extremity amputation (LEA). After below knee amputations (BKA), patients generally have improved prosthetic fitting rates, postoperative ambulation, and quality of life compared to an above knee amputation (AKA). However, the benefit of a BKA must be weighed against the risk of wound complications.

Initiator-Free Thiol-Aldehyde Photo Polycondensation.

Traditional photopolymerizations generally require an initiator for initiating the polymerization while few cases have created degradable chemical bonds. Moreover, the migration instability and cytotoxicity of photo initiators are posing issues to human health and the environment. In this work, we discovered an initiator-free photo polycondensation system (IFPPC) between polymercaptans and aldehyde monomers, producing elastic and high strength plastic materials with exchangeable and degradable dithioacetal groups.

Prenatal dexamethasone programs autonomic dysregulation in female rats.

Autonomic dysfunction is associated with cardiovascular and neurological diseases, including hypertension, heart failure, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. Prior studies demonstrated that late gestation exposure to dexamethasone (DEX) resulted in female-biased increases in stress-responsive mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR), suggesting a role for glucocorticoid-mediated programming of autonomic dysfunction. The present study investigated the influence of sympathetic (SYM) or parasympathetic (PS) blockade on cardiovascular function in male and female rat offspring of mothers injected with DEX in utero [ (GD) -].

Perceived neighborhood disorder and achieving HIV viral suppression among adults living with HIV: A cross-sectional study.

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial for achieving and maintaining viral suppression in people living with HIV (PLWH). While individual factors affecting HIV viral suppression have been extensively studied, there is less attention on community-level factors, specifically perceived neighborhood disorder. This study aims to assess the relationship between perceived neighborhood disorder and achieving virologic suppression among people living with HIV.

Suppressed Protein Translation Caused by MSP-8 Deficiency Determines Fungal Multidrug Resistance with Fitness Cost.

Antifungal resistance, particularly the rise of multidrug-resistance strains, poses a significant public health threat. In this study, the study identifies a novel multidrug-resistance gene, msp-8, encoding a helicase, through experimental evolution with Neurospora crassa as a model. Deletion of msp-8 conferred multidrug resistance in N.

PWWP domain-containing protein Crf4-3 specifically modulates fungal azole susceptibility by regulating sterol C-14 demethylase ERG11.

The widespread use of azole antifungals in agriculture and clinical settings has led to serious drug resistance. Overexpression of the azole drug target 14α-demethylase ERG11 (CYP51) is the most common fungal resistance mechanism. However, the presence of additional regulatory proteins in the transcriptional response of is not yet fully elucidated.

3D information transmission of a computer-generated hologram using a quantum compensation hybrid neural network.

A computer-generated hologram compression and transmission system is designed. The system uses a hybrid neural network based on quantum compensation to compress and decompress computer-generated holograms and uses a quantization method and Huffman coding to encode the compressed holograms for transmission. The receiving side decodes and decompresses the data stream to obtain the recovered hologram, which can be used to reconstruct the original object information for 3D image display.

Impact of high-dose cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) and inulin prebiotic on intestinal and airway microbiota in adults with cystic fibrosis: A 2 × 2 randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind pilot study.

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multi-organ disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Individuals with CF often have gastrointestinal (GI) dysbiosis due to chronic inflammation and antibiotic use. Previous studies suggested a role for vitamin D in reversing the GI dysbiosis found in CF.

The Association between Residential Segregation and Access to Kidney Transplantation: Evidence from a Multistate Cohort Study.

Key Points: Residential segregation is associated with reduced access to several important steps on the kidney transplant care continuum. Residential segregation affects both Black and White individuals with ESKD seeking lifesaving transplant.

Background: Individuals currently living in neighborhoods historically influenced by racial segregation have reduced access to health care.