Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and the longitudinal progression of atrial fibrillation: a prospective study.

Background And Aim: Atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently coexists with other complications, including myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), stroke, and dementia. The contribution of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) to the development and mortality of AF was under-recognized. This study aims to investigate the impact of MASLD on the progression of AF and the mediating effect of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT).

Association Between Healthful Plant-Based Dietary Pattern and Adiposity Measures Trajectories and Future Metabolic Diseases Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study.

The dynamic and heterogeneous process of obesity measurement can be better assessed by change trajectories. Utilizing multiple metrics to assess obesity could provide more comprehensive insights. Currently, the associations of adiposity measures trajectories with metabolic diseases and plant-based dietary patterns remain unclear.

Spirometric patterns associated with the progression of cardiometabolic diseases in middle-aged and older adults: A prospective cohort study.

Objective: To explore the associations between spirometric patterns and cardiometabolic diseases progression in middle-aged and older adults, and examine the mediating effects of levels of C-reactive protein and score on the atherogenic index of plasma.

Methods: Based on 320,795 participants from the UK Biobank, five spirometric patterns were defined using baseline measurements of forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity. The cardiometabolic diseases included type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, and stroke.

Dynapenic obesity associated with incidence and progression trajectory of cardiometabolic diseases: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The impact of dynapenic obesity on the progression of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) remains poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the association between dynapenic obesity and cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) progression, as well as the mediating roles of C-reactive protein (CRP) and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP).

Methods: The study included 446,862 UK Biobank participants.

Tracking HIV-1 Genetic Epidemiological Characteristics Among Recent Infections in Yunnan, China.

Yunnan Province is one of the provinces in China severely affected by HIV-1. To track the evolution and epidemiological characteristics of HIV-1 genetics in Yunnan Province, this study conducted a retrospective molecular epidemiological study of HIV-1 in new infections in Yunnan Province. From the newly reported HIV-infected individuals throughout Yunnan Province from January to March 2018, cases with CD4 T lymphocytes less than 200 cells/µL were excluded for BED capture enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA).

Association of cardiometabolic markers with hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis in population without obesity and diabetes.

The link between cardiometabolic markers and hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis in non-hypertensive, non-diabetic populations remains unclear. A study was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis were assessed using vibration-controlled transient elastography.

Educational inequalities in cardiovascular diseases and their mediating factors across different generations: a prospective cohort study.

Aims: This study aimed to assess the educational inequalities in cardiovascular disease (CVD), coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke among four generations, and to analyse the mediating role of healthy lifestyles and metabolic factors.

Methods And Results: This prospective cohort study included 447 227 participants from UK Biobank, with a mean age of 56.10 (8.

Ambient air pollution does not diminish the beneficial effects of active commuting on heart failure: a prospective study in UK Biobank.

Background: Evidence on active commuting and heart failure (HF) under levels of air pollution exposure is limited, and little is known on the potential mediation roles of inflammation. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between active commuting and HF, as well as to ascertain whether air pollution may influence this relationship.

Methods: This prospective study included 241,786 participants without HF at baseline in UK Biobank.

Association of active commuting with incidence of depression and anxiety: prospective cohort study.

Evidence is limited on the incidence of depression and anxiety in relation to active commuting. Our study aimed to explore their association and examine the mediating role of inflammatory. This study included 240,547 workers in the UK Biobank.

Association Between Healthful Plant-Based Dietary Pattern and Obesity Trajectories and Future Cardiovascular Diseases in Middle-Aged and Elderly: A Prospective and Longitudinal Cohort Study.

We aimed to explore the association between plant-based dietary (PBD) patterns and obesity trajectories in middle-aged and elderly, as well as obesity trajectories linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. A total of 7108 middle-aged and elderly UK Biobank participants with at least three physical measurements were included. Dietary information collected at enrolment was used to calculate the healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI).

Role of Life's Essential 8 score in mediating socioeconomic status in the incidence of atrial fibrillation and heart failure: a population-based cohort study.

Objective: To assess whether the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score mediates the association of socioeconomic status (SES) with atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF).

Methods: A total of 236,754 participants from the UK Biobank were included. SES was determined based on household income, education attainment, and employment status using latent class analysis.

A Global Decomposition Analysis of the Effect of Population Aging on Disability-Adjusted Life Years Associated with Cardiovascular Disease - 204 Countries and Territories, 1990-2021.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: The influence of population aging on the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is acknowledged, yet the magnitude of this impact remains unclear.

What Is Added By This Report?: This research quantified the influence of population aging on CVD DALYs from 1990 to 2021 through decomposition analysis. The findings revealed that the proportion of DALYs attributable to aging varied widely, ranging from ‒77.

Advanced Machine Learning Models for Estimating the Distribution of Sea-Surface Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) Concentrations Using Satellite Remote Sensing Data: The Mediterranean as an Example.

Accurate estimation of the distribution of POC in the sea surface is an important issue in understanding the carbon cycle at the basin scale in the ocean. This study explores the best machine learning approach to determine the distribution of POC in the ocean surface layer based on data obtained using satellite remote sensing. In order to estimate and verify the accuracy of this method, it is necessary to obtain a large amount of POC data from field observations, so this study was conducted in the Mediterranean Sea, where such data have been obtained and published.

Effect of probiotics on children with autism spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis.

Background: Researches have found that alteration of intestinal flora may be closely related to the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, whether probiotics supplementation has a protective effect on ASD remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to analyze the outcome of probiotics in the treatment of ASD children.

Association of Oxidative Stress on Cognitive Function: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomisation Study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between oxidative stress and cognitive function, encompassing cognitive performance, intelligence, memory, reaction time, speech and vision by a bidirectional Mendelian randomisation study. Independent genetic variants associated with glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), peroxiredoxin (PRDX), sulfhydryl oxidase (SOX) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) were explored using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The inverse variance weighted (IVW) or Wald ratio method was employed to ascertain the relationship between antioxidant enzymes and cognitive function.

Investigating the shared genetic architecture between breast and ovarian cancers.

High heritability and strong correlation have been observed in breast and ovarian cancers. However, their shared genetic architecture remained unclear. Linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and heritability estimation from summary statistics (ρ-HESS) were applied to estimate heritability and genetic correlations.

Causal effects of sleep traits on metabolic syndrome and its components: a Mendelian randomization study.

Purpose: Previous observational studies have suggested an association between sleep disturbance and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, it remains unclear whether this association is causal. This study aims to investigate the causal effects of sleep-related traits on MetS using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Transformative role of educational funding in shaping national development across SAARC countries in the 21st century: A panel NARDL approach.

Since the beginning of this century, there has been evidence of a rise in educational funding among the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). However, there has been a decline in recent years despite South Asia being a highly populated and poverty-ridden region. Thus, the present study comes to assess how well the countries are doing in relation to the effect of educational funding on national development indicators, namely economic growth, human capital development, and the unemployment rate among the SAARC countries in the 21st century using Panel Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PNARDL) model formulated in Salisu and Isah (2017).

Spatial distribution and driving factors of the associations between temperature and influenza-like illness in the United States: a time-stratified case-crossover study.

Background: Several previous studies investigated the associations between temperature and influenza in a single city or region without a national picture. The attributable risk of influenza due to temperature and the corresponding driving factors were unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution characteristics of attributable risk of Influenza-like illness (ILI) caused by adverse temperatures and explore the related driving factors in the United States.

Birth Weight, Cardiometabolic Factors, and Coronary Heart Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Context: Observational studies have shown associations of birth weight (BW) with coronary heart disease (CHD), but results are inconsistent and do not distinguish the fetal or maternal effect of BW.

Objective: This study aims to explore the causal association between BW and CHD, analyze the fetal and maternal contribution, and quantify mediating effects of cardiometabolic factors.

Methods: Genetic variants from genome-wide association study summary-level data of own BW (N = 298 142), offspring BW (N = 210 267 mothers), and 16 cardiometabolic (anthropometric, glycemic, lipidemic, and blood pressure) factors were extracted as instrumental variables.