The application of KI.C57-ras2.0 mouse in the carcinogenicity evaluation of medical devices-carcinogenicity evaluation of a novel hemodialyzer.

Introduction: Alternative transgenic mouse models, such as rasH2, have been developed as to replace the traditional 2-year rodent carcinogenicity study. However, due to high cost, reliance on imports, and unpredictable supply chains, these transgenic mouse models have not yet been widely adopted for carcinogenicity evaluations of medical devices in China.

Methods: KI.

Exploring the biogeography, morphology, and phylogeny of the condylostomatid ciliates (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Heterotrichea), with establishment of four new species and a revision including redescriptions of five species found in China.

Unlabelled: Species of the ciliate class Heterotrichea Stein, 1859 are a cosmopolitan group of unicellular eukaryotic microorganisms, many of which have been widely used as models in various fields of research such as regenerative biology, functional ecology, environmental toxicology, and symbiotic behavior. However, species identification in the heterotrich family Condylostomatidae, especially the most species-rich and type genus Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1824, remains challenging due to incomplete original descriptions, few reliable distinguishing characters, and overlapping features between different species. This study presents an updated revision of and its related genus da Silva Neto, 1994 based on descriptions of five species, including nine populations collected from China, using both morphological and molecular methods.

Bionic double-crosslinked hydrogel of poly (γ-glutamic acid)/poly (N-(2-hydroxyethyl) acrylamide) with ultrafast gelling process and ultrahigh burst pressure for emergency rescue.

Injectable adhesive hydrogels combining rapid gelling with robust adhesion to wet tissues are highly required for fast hemostasis in surgical and major trauma scenarios. Inspired by the cross-linking mechanism of mussel adhesion proteins, we developed a bionic double-crosslinked (BDC) hydrogel of poly (γ-glutamic acid) (PGA)/poly (N-(2-hydroxyethyl) acrylamide) (PHEA) fabricated through a combination of photo-initiated radical polymerization and hydrogen bonding cross-linking. The BDC hydrogel exhibited an ultrafast gelling process within 1 s.

A practical design equation for accurate quantification of CRRT filter design factors and convection effects.

Considering the increasing clinical need for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), further improvement in therapeutic efficacy has become an important focus for researchers. Here, we designed nine CRRT filters with various combinations of hollow fiber packing density () and housing shape (effective hollow fiber length () and inner housing diameter () ratio (/ ratio)) to evaluate the clearance of middle molecular uremic toxins (MMs) via simulation of an in vitro continuous veno-venous hemodialysis treatment model. We also used Doppler ultrasonography to measure the maximum internal filtration flow rate () as an aid; this approach facilitated an exploration of the impacts of various design factors on convection effects, while revealing the mechanisms influencing MM removal performance.

Effects of hollow fiber packing density and housing shape on the albumin filtration performance of CRRT filters.

Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) has become the most commonly used acute blood purification therapy for critically ill patients. As a key point of extracorporeal blood circulation, the CRRT filter plays a decisive role in therapeutic efficacy. However, few in vitro studies have been conducted on CRRT filters, particularly concerning the effects of design factors on filter effectiveness and safety profile; no comprehensive evaluation system has been established.

The taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of two epibiotic colonial peritrich ciliates (Ciliophora, Peritrichia).

Two colonial sessilid peritrichs, Epistylis qingdaoensis n. sp. and Carchesium cyclopidarum Nenninger, 1948, were isolated from a marine crustacean and a freshwater mayfly, respectively.

Mussel-inspired polysaccharide-based sponges for hemostasis and bacteria infected wound healing.

Effective bleeding control and wound protecting from infection play critical roles in the tissue healing process. However, local hemostats are not involved in the whole healing processes to promote the final healing efficiency. Here, a multi-functional mussel-inspired polysaccharide-based sponge with hemostatic, antibacterial and adhesive properties was fabricated via cryopolymerization of oxidized dextran (OD), carboxymethyl chitosan (CC) and polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA-NPs), followed by lyophilization.

Effect of hollow fiber packing density and housing shape on the solute removal performance of CRRT filters for acute blood purification.

Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) has a good therapeutic effect in a variety of diseases, such as acute kidney injury. CRRT filters should feature small membrane surface area, excellent water permeability and solute removal performance for long-term use. Solute removal performance depends on the physicochemical structure of the dialysis membrane as well as on the housing design.

Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Dileptid Ciliate Genus (Protista: Ciliophora), With a Brief Review and Redescriptions of Two Species Isolated From a Wetland in Northern China.

Members of the genus are apex predators in microbial food webs. They are often encountered in freshwater biotopes and have been used in research on water quality monitoring and ecology. Nevertheless, our understanding of the biodiversity of , especially its ecological and genetic diversities, is very poor which hinders our ability to understand the ecosystem services it provides.

Redescription and molecular characterization of two Trichodina species (Ciliophora, Peritrichia, Mobilida) from freshwater fish in China.

During an investigation of parasitic ciliates in northern China, two Trichodina species, T. acuta Lom, 1970 and T. nigra Lom, 1960, were isolated from the freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758.

Morphology and molecular phylogeny of three Epistylis species found in freshwater habitats in China, including the description of E. foissneri n. sp. (Ciliophora, Peritrichia).

The peritrich genus Epistylis is speciose, however many species lack complete morphological description based on modern criteria and/or molecular data. In the present study, one new species, i.e.

Plant grafting relieves asymmetry of jasmonic acid response induced by wounding between scion and rootstock in tomato hypocotyl.

Plant grafting is a sequential wound healing process. However, whether wounding induces a different jasmonic acid (JA) response within half a day (12 h) after grafting or non-grafting remains unclear. Using the tomato hypocotyl grafting method, we show that grafting alleviates the asymmetrical accumulation of JA and jasmonic acid isoleucine conjugate (JA-Ile) in scion and rootstock caused by wounding, and from 2 h after tomato micrografting, grafting obviously restored the level of JA-Ile in the scion and rootstock.

Surface charge regulation of reverse osmosis membrane for anti-silica and organic fouling.

Dissolved silica and organic matter are major foulants in reverse osmosis (RO) in brackish water treatment. Though the mechanism of inorganic and organic fouling has been clear, combined silica-organic fouling-resistant membrane have been poorly investigated. In this study, we fabricated membranes with different surface charge.

Plant molecular responses to the elevated ambient temperatures expected under global climate change.

Environmental temperatures affect plant distribution, growth, and development. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts that global temperatures will rise by at least 1.5°C by the end of this century.

ELS1, a novel MATE transporter related to leaf senescence and iron homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana.

The multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) transporters mediate the coupled exchange of organic substrates and monovalent cations have been recently implicated in various plant biological activities. In this work, we isolated a dominant mutant from an Arabidopsis activation-tagging mutant pool. This mutant exhibits pleiotropic phenotype including early flowering, dwarf and bushy architecture, minified lateral organs and early leaf senescence, and is therefore designated early leaf senescence 1-Dominaint (els1-D).

Identification of potential cargo proteins of transportin protein AtTRN1 in Arabidopsis thaliana.

We identified 23 novel proteins that can interact with At TRN1. These proteins are potential candidates of At TRN1 cargo proteins, which will facilitate our comprehending of At TRN1 functions in Arabidopsis. Tranportin 1 (TRN1) carries out the nucleo-cytoplasmic transport of many proteins, thereby ensuring that each of them is delivered to the right compartment for its proper function.

Effects of lanthanum carbonate on vascular calcification in elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients.

The effect of lanthanum carbonate on abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) in the elderly maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients was investigated. Fifty-four cases subjected to routine MHD complicated with skin pruritus admitted to our hospital were selected and randomly divided into case group (n=28) and control group (n=26). The control group was given routine MHD alone.

Overexpression of small heat shock protein LimHSP16.45 in Arabidopsis enhances tolerance to abiotic stresses.

Small heat shock proteins (smHSPs) play important and extensive roles in plant defenses against abiotic stresses. We cloned a gene for a smHSP from the David Lily (Lilium davidii (E. H.

Small heat shock protein LimHSP16.45 protects pollen mother cells and tapetal cells against extreme temperatures during late zygotene to pachytene stages of meiotic prophase I in David Lily.

Plant meiotic prophase I is a complicated process involving the late zygotene and pachytene stages, both crucial for completing synapsis and recombination. Using David Lily (Lilium davidii var. Willmottiae) as our research material, we performed suppression subtractive hybridization to construct EST library of anthers at various stages of development by the pollen mother cells.

Preparation of cell-enclosing microcapsules through photopolymerization of methacrylated alginate solution triggered by irradiation with visible light.

A photopolymerizable, methacrylated alginate was synthesized by conjugating methacryloyl groups to the side chains of alginate. Cell-enclosing microcapsules were subsequently prepared by the photopolymerization of cell-suspending methacrylated alginate droplets triggered by irradiation with visible light. Cells enclosed by this method remained alive in the microcapsules for at least 2 weeks.

[The modification and variants of histone].

The modification of histone plays a crucial role in regulating chromatin states that conserve transcription programs and provide a mechanism for chromatin states to be maintained as cells proliferate. A large number of factors and protein complexes are now known to be involved in regulating the dynamic states of the modification and variants of histone. A fraction of histones are nonallelic variants that have specific expression localization, and species-distribution patterns.

Biocompatibility of subsieve-size capsules versus conventional-size microcapsules.

Biocompatibility of cell-enclosing capsules, defined as suppression of pericapsular cellular reactions, is one of the factors governing the success of enclosed cell transplantation in in vivo cell therapy. Agarose capsules of subsieve size, less than 100 microm in diameter, and conventional size, approximately 300-1,000 microm in diameter, were implanted into the peritoneal cavity and epididymal fat pads of mice and rats, respectively, to determine the effect of a reduction in diameter to subsieve size. The degree of cellular reaction to the subsieve-size capsules was much lower than that of the conventional-size microcapsules, independent of implantation site.

Subsieve-size agarose capsules enclosing ifosfamide-activating cells: a strategy toward chemotherapeutic targeting to tumors.

Localized activation of the prodrug ifosfamide in or close to tumors by implanting encapsulated ifosfamide-activating cells is an efficacious strategy for tumor therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of subsieve-size agarose capsules for enclosing the cells in this application. Compared with many conventional microcapsules, subsieve-size agarose capsules are about one-tenth the size and have both higher mechanical stability and allow better molecular exchangeability than other systems.