Altered shear stress of blood flow causes plasma membrane damage in endothelial cells.

The endothelial lining of blood vessels faces many mechanical challenges, including the shear stress (SS) of blood flow, which render it prone to cell membrane ruptures. Such ruptures must be repaired efficiently to maintain cellular integrity and proper vascular function. However, whether SS of blood flow can indeed affect plasma membrane integrity of endothelial cells and whether any ruptures occurring are repaired is not understood.

FAP Promotes Pulmonary Artery Hypertension via Activation of the PTEN/PI3K/Akt Pathway.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe disease characterized by significant pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular dysfunction. Activated fibroblasts can induce collagen deposition around blood vessels, thereby promoting vascular hardening and PAH development. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a proline-specific serine protease expressed in active fibroblasts that is closely associated with tissue remodeling, inflammation, fibrosis, tumor growth, and cellular proliferation.

USP10 protects against pressure overload-induced mitochondrial morphofunctional defects and pathological cardiac hypertrophy through stabilizing cytoplasmic Mfn2.

Increasing evidence has implicated the important role of mitochondrial morphofunctional defects in pathological myocardial hypertrophy and heart failure. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are involved in protein stability maintenance and regulate multiple cellular processes, while it remains largely unclear whether DUBs participate in the maintenance of mitochondrial morphofunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible link between DUBs and abnormal mitochondrial morphofunction in pressure overload-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy and explore the underlying molecular mechanism.

Bile acids activate cancer-associated fibroblasts and induce an immunosuppressive microenvironment in cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly lethal malignancy originating from the biliary tract and characterized with exposure to high levels of bile acids (BAs). Immunotherapies have demonstrated limited efficacy in CCA, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we reveal that the excessive BAs specifically activate GPBAR1 on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) to express high levels of CXCL10, enhancing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis of CCA cells and creating an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) by recruiting neutrophils in CCA.

Prevalence and relative-risks of pasteurella in yaks of Xizang, China.

Pasteurella multocida-induced hemorrhagic septicemia is an important bacterial disease of buffaloes and cattle, especially in resource-constrained and high-altitude regions. Although its economic and health implications are of vital interest, there has not been much studied about its occurrence among yaks. Pasteurella multocida, the pathogen causing hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle, was investigated in 922 yak serum samples collected from Lhasa, Nagqu, and Shigatse regions of Xizang from 2021 to 2024.

Arbutin improves post-myocardial infarction cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting cardiac fibroblast activation.

Background: Arbutin exhibits multiple effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and scavenging of free radicals, yet its research within the cardiovascular system remains limited.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of arbutin on myocardial infarction induced by left anterior descending (LAD) ligation in mice.

Methods: The possible mechanism of arbutin's effect on myocardial infarction was predicted through network pharmacology studies.

Correlation between self-management, psychological cognitive impairment, and quality of life in elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.

Background: The correlation conclusions between self-management, frailty, and quality of life (QoL) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are inconsistent.

Aim: To comprehensively assess the current status of self-management, psychological cognitive impairment, and QoL in elderly patients with COPD.

Methods: Convenient sampling was employed to select 312 elderly patients with COPD who were receiving treatment in the respiratory and critical care medicine department of a tertiary grade A hospital from November 2023 to February 2024.

Association between nitrogen dioxide exposure and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest onset in China: A multicenter, time-stratified, case-crossover study.

Studies on the association between nitrogen dioxide (NO) exposure and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are limited and present inconsistent results. In the context of global urbanization, a large population is exposed to high ambient NO pollution, highlighting the need for further clarification of NO-related health hazards. Furthermore, previous studies mostly applied exposure data from monitoring stations, with relatively few investigations examining acute effects using high-resolution modeled data.

Effect of increased cardiac output on pseudo-steady state exhaled ciprofol concentrations in a beagle model.

Online breath analysis provides a non-invasive method for monitoring drug concentrations. Ciprofol, a novel intravenous anesthetic, shows potential for real-time monitoring. However, the impact of changes in cardiac output (CO) on ciprofol concentration in exhaled breath (Ce-cipro) remains unclear.

Analysis of risk factors for hypoxemia in PACU for patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung cancer resection based on logistic regression model.

Objective: This study aims to identify risk factors of hypoxemia in patients undergoin thoracoscopic lung surgery during their stay in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). Hypoxemia was defined as any instance of SpO₂ ≤90% lasting for more than one minute during the PACU stay.

Methods: We conducted a prospective research involving 398 patients who underwent elective thoracoscopic lung surgery in West China Hospital, Sichuan University, from April to July 2024.

O-GlcNAcylation-mediated endothelial metabolic memory contributes to cardiac damage via small extracellular vesicles.

Diabetic individuals with well-controlled blood glucose still have an increased risk of heart failure. This process may be mediated by metabolic memory, a phenomenon showing that hyperglycemia has long-term negative effects even after normoglycemia. Here, we found that despite later normoglycemia with insulin, long-term diabetes-derived plasma small extracellular vesicle (sEV) miR-15-16 exhibited sustained deleterious effects on cardiomyocytes and induced cardiac dysfunction in healthy animals, displaying a memory feature.

Incidence, management and outcomes of patients with acute chest pain presenting to the emergency departments in China: findings from a prospective multicentre registry.

Objectives: Early evaluation and treatment of patients with acute chest pain pose a massive challenge to the emergency care system worldwide. This study aims to determine the current burden and early management of acute chest pain presenting to the emergency departments (EDs) in China.

Design: The Evaluation and Management of Patients with Acute ChesT pain study is a prospective, multicentre and provincially representative registry of acute chest pain patients in Chinese EDs.

Rapid quantification and PK-PD modeling of rocuronium bromide in beagles using portable mass spectrometer.

Monitoring rocuronium bromide (Rocur) concentrations is crucial for assessing muscle relaxation in clinical anesthesia. However, no suitable instruments are currently available. This study explores the application of a portable mass spectrometer (MS) for the rapid detection of Rocur concentrations in whole blood from beagles, aiming to support the development of individualized pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) models.

Positive effects of species mixing on biodiversity of understory plant communities and soil health in forest plantations.

Mixed-species plantations are increasingly recognized for their potential to maintain forest biodiversity and soil health; however, a comprehensive assessment of their global effectiveness is lacking. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted a meta-analysis of 7,045 paired observations between mixed-species and monoculture plantations, derived from 311 studies across diverse forest ecosystems worldwide. Our results show that mixed-species plantations significantly increased understory plant biomass, cover, and species richness by 32.

Development and validation of a novel UV-TOF MS method for real-time exhaled propofol analysis in Beagles.

Propofol, a fast-acting anesthetic, requires precise titration to minimize adverse effects. While plasma-based monitoring is slow, exhaled propofol offers a real-time, non-invasive alternative, though its clinical application remains limited. This study evaluates ultraviolet time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UV-TOF MS) for real-time monitoring, presenting its calibration and validation in Beagle dogs.

CD36 knockdown attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac injury by preventing lipotoxicity and improving myocardial energy metabolism.

The heart predominantly derives its energy from fatty acid (FA) oxidation. However, the uncoupling of lipid uptake and FA oxidation can result in abnormal cardiac lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity, particularly in the context of heart failure. CD36 is a critical mediator of FA uptake in cardiac tissue.

Developing a PK-PD model for propofol in exhaled air and the BIS following fospropofol disodium in beagles.

Background: Fospropofol, a water-soluble prodrug of propofol, is metabolized into propofol by alkaline phosphatase after administration. This study aimed to develop a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model that correlates the propofol concentration in exhaled air (Ce-pro-f) with its anesthetic effects, as measured by the bispectral index (BIS) in beagles.

Methods: Beagles receiving a single intravenous infusion of fospropofol at varying doses were divided into three groups (n = 6): the DBL-fospro group (15 mg/kg), the DBM-fospro group (30 mg/kg), and the DBH-fospro group (60 mg/kg).

Exhaled propofol monitoring for plasma drug prediction in rats.

While propofol can be detected in exhaled breath in rats, robust evidence supporting its correlation with plasma concentrations or its use in predicting plasma levels remains lacking. In this study, eighteen mechanically ventilated rats were divided into three groups and injected with low (Group BL, = 6), medium (Group BM, = 6), or high (Group BH, = 6) doses of propofol. The propofol concentration in exhaled breath (Ce-pro) was determined online using vacuum ultraviolet time-of-flight mass spectrometry (VUV-TOF MS), while the propofol concentration in plasma (Cp-pro) were measured using high-performance liquid chromatograph.

Microbial mechanisms of mixed planting in regulating soil phosphorus availability across different stand ages in Chinese fir plantations.

The mixed planting of Chinese fir with broadleaf species to increase soil phosphorus (P) availability has been widely adopted in subtropical China. As soil P availability is significantly influenced by tree growth, the microbial mechanisms underlying the effects of mixed planting on soil P availability across different stand ages are not fully understood. In this study, we collected soil samples from mixed-species plantations of Chinese fir and Schima superba (MCP) and pure Chinese fir plantations (PCP) at young (5 years), middle-aged (20 years), and mature (32 years) stages in southeastern China.

Moderate-intensity interval exercise exacerbates cardiac lipotoxicity in high-fat, high-calories diet-fed mice.

Physical exercise is a cornerstone for preventing diet-induced obesity, while it is unclear whether physical exercise could offset high-fat, high-calories diet (HFCD)-induced cardiac dysfunction. Here, mice were fed with HFCD and simultaneously subjected to physical exercise. As expected, physical exercise prevented HFCD-induced whole-body fat deposition.

Validation of a method for estimating pulmonary dead space in ventilated beagles to correct exhaled propofol concentration in mixed air.

Background: Mixed exhaled air has been widely used to determine exhaled propofol concentrations with online analyzers, but changes in dead space proportions may lead to inaccurate assessments of critical drug concentration data. This study proposes a method to correct propofol concentration in mixed air by estimating pulmonary dead space through reconstructing volumetric capnography (Vcap) from time-CO and time-volume curves, validated with vacuum ultraviolet time-of-flight mass spectrometry (VUV-TOF MS).

Methods: Existing monitoring parameters, including time-volume and time-CO curves, were used to determine Vcap.

Online monitoring of propofol concentrations in exhaled breath.

Propofol, a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent, requires accurate monitoring to ensure therapeutic efficacy and prevent oversedation. Recent developments in modern analytical instrumentation have led to significant breakthroughs in on-line analysis of exhaled breath. This review discusses several sophisticated analytical methods that have been explored for noninvasive, real-time monitoring of propofol concentrations, including proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry, selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry, ion mobility spectrometry, and gas chromatography coupled to surface acoustic wave sensors.

Epidemiology, Process of Care, and Associated Outcomes of Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in China: Results From a Prospective, Multicenter, Population-Based Registry.

Objectives: To comprehensively describe the incidence, process of care, outcomes, and variation among different age groups of pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in China.

Design: The Baseline Investigation of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (BASIC-OHCA) is a prospective, multicenter, population-based registry of emergency medical services (EMS)-assessed OHCA in China.

Setting: A total of 25 monitoring sites of all seven geographical regions were included, covering a pediatric population (age ≤ 19) of around 22.