Purchase of both proximal and distal fragments by the calcar screw is critical when using a locking plate in the treatment of proximal humeral fractures : the role of the calcar screw as a medial bridging screw.

Aims: Inferior positioning of the calcar screw is important in the purchase of medial screws when treating proximal humeral fractures with a locking plate. However, the impact of the overall trajectory of the calcar screw has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the failure of a calcar screw to purchase both proximal and distal fragments would contribute to an increased risk of failure of fixation in these patients.

3'-end ligation sequencing is a sensitive method to detect DNA nicks at potential sites of off-target activity induced by prime editors.

Gene editing makes precise changes in DNA to restore normal function or expression of genes; however, the advancement of gene editing to the clinic is limited by the potential genotoxicity of off-target editing. To comprehensively identify potential sites in the genome that may be recognized by gene editing agents, in vitro approaches, in which the editor is combined with human genomic DNA and sites where editing may occur are identified biochemically, are important tools. Existing biochemical approaches for off-target discovery recognize double-stranded breaks generated by nuclease-based gene editors such as SpCas9, but novel approaches are needed for new editing modalities, such as prime editing, that nick one strand of DNA.

WNK1 kinase activity is required for maintenance of podocyte foot process structure.

Unlabelled: The filtration-function of glomeruli requires slit diaphragms formed by interdigitating podocyte foot processes, which are actin-based membrane protrusions. Dysregulation of mechanisms that maintain these membrane extensions lead to foot process effacement, proteinuria, and progression to chronic kidney disease. Building on our previous work that showed WNK1 kinase activity is necessary for the maintenance of normal biomechanical properties of glomeruli and podocyte foot process architecture, we tested the hypothesis that WNK1 kinase activity affects the structure of podocyte foot processes through modulation of actomyosin activity and focal adhesion complexes.

A pilot study of gait compensation for limb-length discrepancy in children and adolescents: threshold values and compensatory strategies in the sagittal plane.

The critical threshold of limb-length discrepancy (LLD) at which compensation strategies are initiated in pediatric patients is unclear. We used spatiotemporal parameters to determine the LLD threshold at which compensatory gait is induced in skeletally immature patients and analyzed these compensatory patterns in terms of kinematics and kinetics. The findings for 20 children who experienced LLD-associated gait discomfort and underwent three-dimensional gait analysis between 2016 and 2019 were reviewed.

Structural basis of human uromodulin filament networks in uropathogen capture.

Uromodulin (UMOD), the most abundant protein in human urine, is essential for kidney function and urinary tract health. UMOD forms filaments that bind to uropathogenic bacteria, facilitating their aggregation and clearance from the urinary tract. Here, we present the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the bacteria-binding D10C domain of UMOD and reveal its binding to the filament core.

The structure of human sweetness.

In humans, the detection and ultimately the perception of sweetness begin in the oral cavity, where taste receptor cells (TRCs) dedicated to sweet-sensing interact with sugars, artificial sweeteners, and other sweet-tasting chemicals. Human sweet TRCs express on their cell surface a sweet receptor that initiates the cascade of signaling events responsible for our strong attraction to sweet stimuli. Here, we describe the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the human sweet receptor bound to two of the most widely used artificial sweeteners-sucralose and aspartame.

Quantifying soil wind erosion attribution in Inner Mongolia's desert grassland.

Wind erosion is a major ecological challenge in the Inner Mongolia desert grassland, directly impacting regional ecological stability and sustainable development. To gain a deeper understanding of the wind erosion process and its key driving factors, this study carefully assembled 21 indicators and quantified each factor's relative contribution to wind erosion using Cs tracing technology and geographic detectors. Data collection methods included the acquisition of soil samples, meteorological data, and vegetation cover information through remote sensing technology, along with field measurements taken at several sampling points within the study area.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Thionin Family in Rice () and Functional Characterization of in Drought Stress and ABA Stress.

The family represents a class of cysteine-rich signal peptides widely recognized for their significant roles in plant disease resistance and immunity. While members of this family are known to be induced under various biotic and abiotic stresses, their responses to environmental stressors beyond disease resistance remain underexplored. This study investigates the evolution, expression patterns, and functional roles of the gene family in rice () under diverse stress conditions.

Selection and Validation of Reference Genes in Under Abiotic Stresses, MeJA Treatment, and in Different Tissues.

is a valuable traditional medicinal plant that contains enriched active compounds such as triterpenoids and flavonoids. Understanding the accuulation process of these secondary metabolites in requires exploring gene expression regulation under abiotic stresses and hormonal stimuli. qRT-PCR is a powerful method for gene expression analysis, with the selection of suitable reference genes being paramount.

Calcium-sensing receptor- and ADAM10-mediated klotho shedding is regulated by tetraspanin 5.

Soluble, circulating Klotho (sKlotho) is essential for normal health and renal function. sKlotho is shed from the renal distal convoluted tubule (DCT), its primary source, via enzymatic cleavage. However, the physiologic mechanisms that control sKlotho production, trafficking, and shedding are not fully defined.

Insights into the Genomic Background of Nine Common Chinese Medicinal Plants by Flow Cytometry and Genome Survey.

Medicinal plants have long played a crucial role in healthcare systems, but limited genomic information on these species has impeded the integration of modern biological technologies into medicinal plant research. In this study, we selected nine common medicinal plants, each belonging to a different plant family, including (Chloranthaceae), (Vitaceae), (Fabaceae), (Cucurbitaceae), (Polygonaceae), (Caryophyllaceae), (Rubiaceae), (Lamiaceae), and (Asteraceae), to estimate their genome sizes and conduct preliminary genomic surveys. The estimated genome sizes by flow cytometry were 3.

Hallux valgus interphalangeus is more common in juvenile-onset hallux valgus than in adult-onset hallux valgus.

Background: This study aimed to compare the prevalence of hallux valgus interphalangeus (HVI) in juvenile-onset hallux valgus and adult-onset hallux valgus and to analyze the correlation between the hallux interphalangeal angle (HIA) and other radiographic parameters in juvenile-onset hallux valgus.

Methods: This retrospective study included 640 feet and 320 patients with hallux valgus (160 juvenile-onset and 160 adult-onset cases). Eight radiographic parameters were measured: HIA, hallux valgus angle, intermetatarsal angle, talonavicular coverage angle, anteroposterior talocalcaneal angle, lateral talocalcaneal angle, lateral talo-first metatarsal angle, and calcaneal pitch.

 (Rosaceae), a new species from Fujian, China.

C.An & G.C.

Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Phylogenetic Analysis of Woody Climbing Genus (Leguminosae).

Background: Lour., a genus in the subfamily Cercidoideae of the family Leguminosae, is characterized by woody liana habit, tendrils, and distinctive bilobate or bifoliolate leaves. The genus holds important medicinal value and constitutes a complex group characterized by morphological diversity and unstable taxonomic boundaries.

Updated 5-Year Institutional Bibliometric Profiles for United States Neurosurgery Residency Programs and the Relationship Between Social Media Presence and Objective Departmental Metrics.

Background And Objectives: The authors report current 3-year and 5-year institutional bibliometric profiles and investigate the correlations between objective metrics of neurosurgical residency programs and social media presence, including residency program size, faculty count, Doximity rankings, and measures of research output.

Methods: A list of neurosurgery residency programs was obtained through the Doximity Residency Navigator. Publication history of faculty members was compiled using Scopus and analyzed to create institutional bibliometric profiles from 2018-2022 to 2020-2022.

Cytological analysis of flower development, insights into suitable growth area and genomic background: implications for Glehnia littoralis conservation and sustainable utilization.

Background: Glehnia littoralis F. Schmidt ex Miq., an endangered plant species with significant medicinal, edible, and ecological value, is now a central concern for conservation and sustainable utilization.

Glomerular Elasticity and Gene Expression Patterns Define Two Phases of Alport Nephropathy.

Objectives: To understand the early stages if Alport nephropathy, we characterize the structural, functional, and biophysical properties of glomerular capillaries and podocytes in mice, analyze kidney cortex transcriptional profiles at three time points, and investigate the effects of the ER stress mitigation by TUDCA on these parameters. We use human FSGS associated genes to identify molecular pathways rescued by TUDCA.

Findings: We define a disease progression timeline in mice.

Sub-acute pain after childbirth during COVID-19 pandemic: A secondary analysis of A prospective clinical trial.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic could bring great impact upon the psychological statuses of post-partum women, but no clear evidence was provided yet as to COVID-19 would also affect their pain profile during post-partum period. We determined if pain and psychological vulnerabilities, obstetric factors, and labor analgesia were associated with sub-acute pain after childbirth (SAPC; ongoing pain related to delivery at post-partum 4 weeks or more) during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We included women having a singleton pregnancy of ≥36 gestational weeks.

gene family in passion fruit (): initial characterization and expression profiling diversity.

Passion fruit, an economically valuable fruit crop, is highly vulnerable to adverse climate conditions. The genes, recognized as abscisic acid (ABA) and stress-inducible, play vital roles in stress response and growth regulation in diverse eukaryotic organisms. Here, six genes were firstly identified in passion fruit genome and all predicted to be localized within the endoplasmic reticulum.

The MYPT2-regulated striated muscle-specific myosin light chain phosphatase limits cardiac myosin phosphorylation in vivo.

The physiological importance of cardiac myosin regulatory light chain (RLC) phosphorylation by its dedicated cardiac myosin light chain kinase has been established in both humans and mice. Constitutive RLC-phosphorylation, regulated by the balanced activities of cardiac myosin light chain kinase and myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP), is fundamental to the biochemical and physiological properties of myofilaments. However, limited information is available on cardiac MLCP.

Regional bias of tumor suppressor gene mutations of STARD8 and WNK2 in colon cancers.

StAR-related lipid transfer domain protein 8 (STARD8), encoding a Rho-GTPase-activating protein, and WNK2, encoding a serine/threonine kinase are candidate tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) in human cancers. Inactivation of these genes that would promote cancer pathogenesis is largely unknown in colon cancer (CC). Our study addressed to address whether STARD8 and WNK2 genes are mutated in CC.