The influence of geo-environmental properties on the plastic and in-service properties of flowable fills: a comprehensive state-of-the-art review.

There is a recognized need to address the mismanagement of industrial by-products, as their accumulation severely threatens the environment. Efficient reutilizing of industrial waste is indispensable in realizing environment-friendly sustainable development. Towards this end, supervised adoption of controlled low-strength materials (CLSM) can be a solution.

Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes (TILLING): advances and opportunities for fast tracking crop breeding.

The intensification of food production conventional crop breeding alone is inadequate to cater for global hunger. The development of precise and expeditious high throughput reverse genetics approaches has hugely benefited modern plant breeding programs. Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes (TILLING) is one such reverse genetics approach which employs chemical/physical mutagenesis to create new genetic sources and identifies superior/novel alleles.

Genetic diversity, population structure, and genome-wide association study for the flowering trait in a diverse panel of 428 moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia) accessions using genotyping by sequencing.

Background: Moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia) is an underutilized, protein-rich legume that is grown in arid and semi-arid areas of south Asia and is highly resistant to abiotic stresses such as heat and drought. Despite its economic importance, the crop remains unexplored at the genomic level for genetic diversity and trait mapping studies. To date, there is no report of SNP marker discovery and association mapping of any trait in this crop.

Vignette of domestication: From archives to genomics.

The genus comprises fast-growing, diploid legumes, cultivated in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. It comprises more than 200 species among which , , , , , , and are of enormous agronomic importance. Human selection along with natural variability within these species encompasses a vital source for developing new varieties.

Chromium (VI)-Induced Alterations in Physio-Chemical Parameters, Yield, and Yield Characteristics in Two Cultivars of Mungbean (.).

Chromium (Cr) presently used in various major industries and its residues possess a potent environmental threat. Contamination of soil and water resources due to Cr ions and its toxicity has adversely affected plant growth and crop productivity. Here, deleterious effects of different levels of Cr (VI) treatments i.

Advances in for Abiotic Stress Resilience: From 'Omics' to Artificial Intelligence.

Legumes are a better source of proteins and are richer in diverse micronutrients over the nutritional profile of widely consumed cereals. However, when exposed to a diverse range of abiotic stresses, their overall productivity and quality are hugely impacted. Our limited understanding of genetic determinants and novel variants associated with the abiotic stress response in food legume crops restricts its amelioration.

Comparative Inter- and IntraSpecies Transcriptomics Revealed Key Differential Pathways Associated With Aluminium Stress Tolerance in Lentil.

Aluminium stress causes plant growth retardation and engenders productivity loss under acidic soil conditions. This study accentuates morpho-physiological and molecular bases of aluminium (Al) tolerance within and between wild (ILWL-15) and cultivated (L-4602 and BM-4) lentil species. Morpho-physiological studies revealed better cyto-morphology of tolerant genotypes over sensitive under Al stress conditions.

Mechanistic Association of Quantitative Trait Locus with Malate Secretion in Lentil ( Medikus) Seedlings under Aluminium Stress.

Aluminium (Al) toxicity acts as a major delimiting factor in the productivity of many crops including lentil. To alleviate its effect, plants have evolved with Al exclusion and inclusion mechanisms. The former involves the exudation of organic acid to restrict the entry of Al to the root cells while latter involves detoxification of entered Al by organic acids.

Plant epigenomics for extenuation of abiotic stresses: challenges and future perspectives.

Climate change has escalated abiotic stresses, leading to adverse effects on plant growth and development, eventually having deleterious consequences on crop productivity. Environmental stresses induce epigenetic changes, namely cytosine DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications, thus altering chromatin structure and gene expression. Stable epigenetic changes are inheritable across generations and this enables plants to adapt to environmental changes (epipriming).

Morpho-physiological characterization coupled with expressional accord of exclusion mechanism in wild and cultivated lentil under aluminum stress.

Aluminum stress deteriorates lentil production under acidic soils. Enhanced insight into Al tolerance traits is needed to improve its productivity. Therefore, Al-resistant (L-4602, PAL-8) and Al-sensitive (BM-4, EC-223229) cultivars along with a resistant wild (ILWL-15) were characterized for morpho-physiological traits viz.

Transcriptome skimming of lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) cultivars with contrast reaction to salt stress.

Extensive transcriptomic skimming was conducted to decipher molecular, morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses in salt-tolerant (PDL-1) and salt-sensitive (L-4076) cultivars under control (0 mM NaCl) and salinity stress (120 mM NaCl) conditions at seedling stage. Morphological, physiological, and biochemical studies revealed that PDL-1 exhibited no salt injury and had higher K/Na ratio, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll, glycine betaine, and soluble sugars in leaves while lower HO induced fluorescence signals in roots as compared to L-4076. Transcriptomic profile revealed a total of 17,433 significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under different treatments and cultivar combinations that include 2557 upregulated and 1533 downregulated transcripts between contrasting cultivars under salt stress.

Effect of chromium (VI) toxicity on morpho-physiological characteristics, yield, and yield components of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties.

The ever-increasing industrial activities over the decades have generated high toxic metal such as chromium (Cr) that hampers the crop productivity. This study evaluated the effect of Cr on two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties, Pusa 2085 and Pusa Green 112, in hydroponic and pot-grown conditions.

Genome wide transcriptome analysis reveals vital role of heat responsive genes in regulatory mechanisms of lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus).

The present study reports the role of morphological, physiological and reproductive attributes viz. membrane stability index (MSI), osmolytes accumulations, antioxidants activities and pollen germination for heat stress tolerance in contrasting genotypes. Heat stress increased proline and glycine betaine (GPX) contents, induced superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities and resulted in higher MSI in PDL-2 (tolerant) compared to JL-3 (sensitive).

Molecular mapping of aluminium resistance loci based on root re-growth and Al-induced fluorescent signals (callose accumulation) in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus).

Development of aluminium (Al) resistant genotypes through molecular breeding is a major approach for increasing seed yield under acidic conditions. There are no available reports on mapping of Al resistance loci and molecular breeding for Al resistant varieties in lentil. The present study reports a major quantitative trait loci (QTL) for Al resistance using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in F and F mapping populations derived from contrasting parents.

Evaluation of cultivated and wild genotypes of Lens species under alkalinity stress and their molecular collocation using microsatellite markers.

In this study, 285 lentil genotypes were phenotyped under hydroponic and alkaline field conditions. Significant genotypic variation for alkalinity stress was observed among the six Lens species screened hydroponically and in the field having pH up to 9.1.

Correction: Discerning morpho-anatomical, physiological and molecular multiformity in cultivated and wild genotypes of lentil with reconciliation to salinity stress.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Physiological alteration, quality of anesthesia and economy of isoflurane in domestic chickens (.

Aim: Aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of isoflurane anesthesia on physiological parameters, assessment of anesthetic qualities, and economy of use of isoflurane in domestic chickens ().

Materials And Methods: In this study, 18 apparently healthy adult domestic chickens were selected randomly and divided into three groups. The birds were anesthetized by masked induction with isoflurane at a dose rate of 3.

Discerning morpho-anatomical, physiological and molecular multiformity in cultivated and wild genotypes of lentil with reconciliation to salinity stress.

One hundred and sixty two genotypes of different Lens species were screened for salinity tolerance in hydroponics at 40, 80 and 120 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) for 30 d. The germination, seedling growth, biomass accumulation, seedling survivability, salinity scores, root and shoot anatomy, sodium ion (Na+), chloride ion (Cl-) and potassium ion (K+) concentrations, proline and antioxidant activities were measured to evaluate the performance of all the genotypes. The results were compared in respect of physiological (Na+, K+ and Cl-) and seed yield components obtained from field trials for salinity stress conducted during two years.

Transcriptome analysis of lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) in response to seedling drought stress.

Background: Drought stress is one of the most harmful abiotic stresses in crop plants. As a moderately drought tolerant crop, lentil is a major crop in rainfed areas and a suitable candidate for drought stress tolerance research work. Screening for drought tolerance stress under hydroponic conditions at seedling stage with air exposure is an efficient technique to select genotypes with contrasting traits.

Molecular Scanning and Morpho-Physiological Dissection of Component Mechanism in Lens Species in Response to Aluminium Stress.

Aluminium (Al) stress was imposed on 285 lentil genotypes at seedling stage under hydroponics to study its effects on morpho-physiological traits where resistant cultigens and wilds showed minimum reduction in root and shoot length and maximum root re-growth (RRG) after staining. Molecular assortment based on 46 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers clustered the genotypes into 11 groups, where wilds were separated from the cultigens. Genetic diversity and polymorphism information content (PIC) varied between 0.

Molecular Assortment of Lens Species with Different Adaptations to Drought Conditions Using SSR Markers.

The success of drought tolerance breeding programs can be enhanced through molecular assortment of germplasm. This study was designed to characterize molecular diversity within and between Lens species with different adaptations to drought stress conditions using SSR markers. Drought stress was applied at seedling stage to study the effects on morpho-physiological traits under controlled condition, where tolerant cultivars and wilds showed 12.