A comparative evaluation of ultrasound and frozen section analysis in predicting margin status after breast conservation surgery in patients with ultrasound-detectable breast cancer.

The primary goal of breast conservation surgery (BCS) is to achieve tumour-free margins. However, it is known that in 20% patients, a tumour-free margin may not be obtained. Positive margins frequently lead to re-operation and are the strongest predictors of local recurrence.

Historical availability of arable land affects contemporaneous female labor and health outcomes.

We contribute to the understanding of mechanisms underlying deep-rooted gender norms by exploring the link between the historical availability of arable land and contemporary gender outcomes. We argue that an abundance of arable land in historical times, i.e.

Fundus image based diabetic retinopathy detection using EfficientNetB3 with squeeze and excitation block.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a retinal affliction in patients suffering from diabetes. If DR is unidentified at an earlier stage, it may lead to blindness. Manual screening of DR using fundus images is a complex and time-consuming task.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy in early breast carcinoma using fluorescein sodium and methylene blue dye: A validation study.

The availability of radioisotopes for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in breast carcinoma is limited in low- and middle-income countries and thus the need for other reliable tracers exists. We aimed to validate the effectiveness of fluorescein sodium (FS) together with methylene blue dye (MBD) for patients with node-negative early breast carcinoma in a prospective cross-sectional study. Patients underwent SLNB using FS and MBD followed by axillary dissection to validate results.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic performance of fluorescein-guided sentinel lymph node biopsy in early breast cancer.

Background: Evaluation of axillary lymph nodes status in cN0 axilla is performed by sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) utilizing a combination of radioactive isotope and blue dye or alternative to isotope like Indocyanine green (ICG). Both are very resource-intensive; which has prompted development of low-cost technique of Fluorescein Sodium (FS)-guided SLNB. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the diagnostic performance of FS-guided SLNB in early breast cancer.

Efficacy of perioperative systemic tranexamic acid along with topical hemocoagulase in decreasing axillary drain output in breast cancer patients undergoing axillary lymph node dissection: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, superiority trial.

Background: Excess and prolonged axillary drainage is a frequent nuisance following axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in breast cancer patients. No consensus exists about the best method to prevent this consistently and reliably. Tranexamic acid (TA) has been found to reduce the amount and duration of drainage, but the reduction is not optimal.

Automated cardiac arrhythmia detection techniques: a comprehensive review for prospective approach.

Abnormal cardiac functionality produces irregular heart rhythms which are commonly known as arrhythmias. In some conditions, arrhythmias are treated as very dangerous which may lead to sudden cardiac arrest. The incidence and prevalence of cardiac anomalies seeks early detection of arrhythmias using automated classification techniques.

A Glove-Based Virtual Hand Rehabilitation System for Patients With Post-Traumatic Hand Injuries.

Recent studies have shown that virtual gamified therapy can be a potential adjunct to conventional orthopedic rehabilitation. However, the off-the-shelf gaming consoles used for virtual rehabilitation pose several practical challenges in deploying them in clinical settings. In this article, we present the design of a portable glove-based virtual hand rehabilitation system (RehabRelive Glove) that can be used at both clinics and homes for physiotherapy.

Breast carcinoma presenting with upper limb lymphedema - A rare case.

Lymphedema (LE) in a breast cancer patient usually results from axillary lymph node dissection, sentinel lymph node biopsy, and/or axillary radiotherapy. Although lymphatic obstruction and consequent LE can occur due to axillary lymph node involvement, such presentation in breast cancer patients has rarely been reported. This report describes the case of a 50-year-old lady with right breast carcinoma who presented with right upper limb lymphedema.

Soft Tissue and Lower Limb Muscle Metastases from Breast Carcinoma: An Unreported Entity.

Soft tissue metastasis from carcinoma breast is rare, and still rarer is metastasis to skeletal muscles. So far, soft tissue metastasis from breast carcinoma has been reported only in a small number of case series and case reports. To the best of our knowledge, no case of breast cancer metastasizing to the lower limb muscles has been reported.

The Mizoroki-Heck reaction between generated alkenes and aryl halides: cross-coupling route to substituted olefins.

This review covers palladium-catalyzed typical Mizoroki-Heck cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides with generated alkenes, by following a typical Heck coupling mechanism to form substituted olefins unlike direct cross-coupling of alkenes with aryl halides in Heck olefination. These reactions solve the issue of alkenes undergoing polymerization at high temperatures and increase reaction efficiency by reducing the reaction time and purification steps.

Indian surgery Trainee's perspective on surgical ergonomics principles and education: A long road ahead.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the baseline knowledge and beliefs, along with the impact of incorporating surgical ergonomics lectures during a residency.

Methods: A cohort of 123 Indian surgical residents participated in this educational intervention, which consisted of two educational webinars on ergonomics. Both pre- and post-intervention surveys were electronically sent to the participants.

Honeycomb breast: An appearance of fibrocystic disease.

Fibrocystic disease of breast is characterized by lumpiness and discomfort. Our 48-year-old perimenopausal patient had a painless progressively enlarging non-tender lump in her right breast since 1 year. On physical examination a 10 × 8 cm firm non-tender lump was observed occupying almost the whole breast, whose surface was nodular though not fixed.

Accuracy of Serum Parathyroid Hormone Measured on the Early Morning of the First Postoperative Day in Predicting Clinically Significant Post-Total Thyroidectomy Hypocalcemia.

Introduction: Clinical hypocalcemia (CH) following total thyroidectomy (TT) is a potentially life-threatening condition if left untreated. This study aimed at evaluating the accuracy of parathyroid hormone (PTH) measured in the early morning of the first postoperative day (POD-1) in predicting CH, and determining the cutoff values of PTH that can predict the development of CH.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing TT between February 2018 and July 2022.

Truncal Ligation of Inferior Thyroid Artery Does Not Affect the Incidence of Hypocalcaemia After Central Compartment Lymph Node Dissection.

Preserving all parathyroids with intact blood supply in situ is a desirable goal while performing total thyroidectomy (TT) and central compartment dissection (CCLND), but the same is not feasible in presence of bulky and/or matted lymph nodes in the central compartment. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference in incidence of postoperative hypocalcemia between the groups of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients who had truncal ligation (TL) versus ligation of peripheral branches (PL) of inferior thyroid artery (ITA) during TT and CCLND. Retrospective review of prospectively kept data of PTC patients undergoing TT and CCLND.

Acute inflammatory response to multiple chemotherapy regimen in breast carcinoma: An unreported entity1.

Increased utilization of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients has led to improved survival outcomes but it has also resulted in rising incidence of adverse effects. Occurrence of new/unreported side effect poses challenge in front of clinicians. We report the case of a 53-year lady with locally advanced, hormone receptor-positive, and human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER-2) negative right breast carcinoma.

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Touch Imprint Cytology and Frozen Section Biopsy and Their Comparison for Evaluation of Sentinel Lymph Node in Breast Cancer.

Introduction: Evaluation of axillary lymph nodes after sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in breast cancer is mostly done by intra-operative frozen section biopsy (FSB) and/ or touch imprint cytology (TIC). In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we have compared the accuracy of the two modalities.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane electronic databases were searched for articles comparing TIC with FSB.

Stannylene cyanide and its use as a cyanosilylation catalyst.

Two routes can offer the first stannylene cyanide [(L)SnCN] (5); the substitution reaction of either stannylene amide [(-Bu)ATISnN(SiMe)] (3) or stannylene pyrrolide [(-Bu)ATISn(NCH)] (4) using an excess of trimethylsilyl cyanide (L = aminotroponiminate (ATI)). Using 0.1-2.

Avascular Necrosis of Femur as a Complication of Cushing's Syndrome Due to Adrenocortical Carcinoma.

A wide range of clinical presentations for Cushing's syndrome has been described in the literature. Avascular necrosis of femur is a well-recognized complication of excessive glucocorticoid administration, but its occurrence due to endogenous hypercortisolism is rare. We present the case of a 47-year-old male who presented to us with severe low backache, hypertension, uncontrolled diabetes, and other signs and symptoms of Cushing's syndrome.