Plasticity of physiological, anatomical, and structural traits defines seedling growth during sustained drought.

Understanding how trees acclimate to sustained drought by altering physiological, anatomical and structural traits is crucial for elucidating their acclimation to water scarcity. This study investigated the plasticity of Tilia amurensis seedlings under moderate (50% of field moisture capacity) and severe drought (30%) over two years by assessing a range of anatomical, structural and physiological traits. Our results showed that drought reduced photosynthesis by 29.

Effects of drought on the xylem formation process and growth of and .

We investigated the effects of drought on xylem formation of two-year-old potted (diffuse-porous wood) and (ring-porous wood) seedlings in Northeast China. With normal water treatment as the control (75% field water capacity), we examined the effects of mild drought (50% field water capacity) and severe drought (30% field water capacity) on xylem anatomical characteristics, stem hormone concentrations, and root enzyme activities. The results showed that mild and severe drought significantly reduced the height of by 23.

Association of dietary and plasma fatty acids with periodontitis: Results from the 2009-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The authors aimed to explore the association of fatty acids with periodontitis and its severity and to assess causality using Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.

Methods: Data for participants with complete data were extracted from the 2009-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Weighted logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between dietary fatty acids and periodontitis and its severity.

Balance between carbon gain and loss in warmer environments: impacts on photosynthesis and leaf respiration in four temperate tree species.

The temperature sensitivities of photosynthesis and respiration remain a key uncertainty in predicting how forests will respond to climate warming. We grew seedlings of four temperate tree species, including Betula platyphylla, Fraxinus mandshurica, Juglans mandshurica and Tilia amurensis, at three temperature regimes (ambient, +2 °C, and +4 °C in daytime air temperature). We investigated net photosynthesis (Anet25), maximum rate of RuBP-carboxylation (Vcmax25) and RuBP-regeneration (Jmax25), stomatal conductance (gs25), mesophyll conductance (gm25), and leaf respiration (Rleaf) in dark (Rdark25) and in light (Rlight25) at 25 °C in all species.

Characterization of the aroma compounds in crystal malt.

Crystal malt, the most popular type of specialty malt used in beer brewing, plays a vital role in forming complex flavor and color. Nevertheless, crystal malt is only defined based on the malting process, and there is not any standard to evaluate its quality. In the current study, the volatile aroma constituents of commercial crystal malt samples were analyzed with headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, in order to explore the characteristic aroma compounds of crystal malt.

Simultaneous Cross-type Detection of Water Quality Indexes via a Smartphone-App Integrated Microfluidic Paper-Based Platform.

Water quality guarantee in remote areas necessitates the development of portable, sensitive, fast, cost-effective, and easy-to-use water quality detection methods. The current work reports on a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) integrated with a smartphone app for the simultaneous detection of cross-type water quality parameters including pH, Cu(II), Ni(II), Fe(III), and nitrite. The shapes, baking time, amount, and ratios of reaction reagent mixtures of wax μPAD were optimized to improve the color uniformity and intensity effectively.

Barley Husk Degraded by MH1 Induced Premature Yeast Flocculation.

Premature yeast flocculation (PYF) is one of the pivotal problems affecting beer flavor and production. PYF is induced by certain non-starch polysaccharides produced by the degradation of malted barley husks upon the growth of contaminated microorganisms, such as In this research, the formation mechanism of PYF was uncovered by investigating the secretome of MH1 inoculated to the barley husk. The polysaccharide extract of degraded husk was ultrafiltrated into four fractions and characterized by the minimum PYF concentration, molecular mass distribution, monosaccharide composition, and potential.

Placement of a newly designed partially covered T- or Y-configured self-expanding metallic stent for hilar biliary obstruction: technical note.

Purpose: To investigate the technical success, efficacy, and safety of a newly designed partially covered bilateral self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) in patients with malignant biliary obstruction.

Material And Methods: From May 2016 to November 2017, ten patients with malignant hilar biliary stenosis (bismuth type II-IV) underwent stent placement with the newly designed partially covered T/Y-configured SEMS. Technical success, drainage catheter removal, jaundice remission, early and late complications, stent patency, and overall survival were analyzed.

Analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency with high-Q factor in metal-dielectric metamaterials based on bright-bright mode coupling.

Based on bright-bright mode coupling, we numerically demonstrated the analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) with a high quality factor (Q) in a stacked metal-dielectric metamaterial (MM) in the near-infrared regime. The optical coupling between a high-Q toroidal dipole mode supported by a silicon rod array and a low-Q dipole mode supported by a silver strip array was investigated from the near-field to the far-field regimes. We realized and significantly enhanced the long-range coupling between the two resonance modes through the MM-induced Fabry-Pérot (FP) effect.

A dual colorimetric and fluorescent sensor for lead ion based on naphthalene hydrazone derivative.

A new compound, 2-boronobenzaldehyde-(2'-hydroxyl-4'-sulfonic acid) naphthalene hydrazone (1), was synthesized and its structure was characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance, mass and element analyses. The presence of Pb(2+) led 1 to undergo colorimetric and fluorescent changes, which were detectable with the naked eye. Thus, a dual spectral response for Pb(2+) detection was introduced.