Moxifloxacin plus Cordyceps polysaccharide ameliorate intestinal barrier damage due to abdominal infection via anti-inflammation and immune regulation under simulated microgravity.

Background: Currently, there is limited research on the impact of abdominal infection on intestinal damage under microgravity conditions. Cordyceps polysaccharide (CPS), the main active ingredient of Cordyceps, has demonstrated various pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. Moxifloxacin (MXF) is a fourth-generation quinolone antibiotic that is believed to have a dual regulatory effect on immune system activation and suppression.

New insights into the intestinal barrier through "gut-organ" axes and a glimpse of the microgravity's effects on intestinal barrier.

Gut serves as the largest interface between humans and the environment, playing a crucial role in nutrient absorption and protection against harmful substances. The intestinal barrier acts as the initial defense mechanism against non-specific infections, with its integrity directly impacting the homeostasis and health of the human body. The primary factor attributed to the impairment of the intestinal barrier in previous studies has always centered on the gastrointestinal tract itself.

and suppress synovial inflammation and proliferation in rheumatoid arthritis by targeting .

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by synovial hyperplasia. and are homologous miRNAs with the same gene targeting spectrum. It is known that play an important role in protecting osteoarthritis development; however, the roles of in RA disease have not been determined.

Pharmacology and molecular docking study of cartilage protection of Chinese herbal medicine Fufang Shatai Heji (STHJ) by inhibiting the expression of MMPs in collagen-induced arthritis mice.

Background: This study aims to explore whether Fufang Shatai Heji (STHJ), as a mixture collected by a decoction of a variety of Chinese herbal medicines for immune system diseases, can improve the cartilage destruction of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: The therapeutic effects of STHJ were studied using collagen induced arthritis (CIA) mice. The improvement effect of STHJ on synovitis and cartilage damage caused by arthritis was studied by joint pathological analysis.

Dexamethasone-loaded thermo-sensitive hydrogel attenuates osteoarthritis by protecting cartilage and providing effective pain relief.

Background: We utilized the destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM)-induced mice to illustrate the osteoarthritis (OA) suppressing and pain-relieving effects of a novel prolonged-release intra-articular (IA)-dexamethasone-loaded thermo-sensitive hydrogel (DLTH).

Methods: The effects of temperature and pH on DLTH formation and DLTH release profile were assessed. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups: Ctrl group, Model group and DLTH group.

Establishment and Evaluation of a Novel High-Efficiency Model of Graded Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice.

Background: Although previous studies have made significant contributions to establishing animal traumatic brain injury (TBI) models for simulation of human TBI, the accuracy, controllability, and modeling efficiency of animal TBI models need to be further improved. This study established a novel high-efficiency graded mouse TBI model induced by shock wave.

Methods: A total of 125 mice were randomly divided into sham, 0.

Metformin inhibits inflammation and bone destruction in collagen-induced arthritis in rats.

Background: Metformin (MF) is a widely used biguanide oral hypoglycemic agent, which has obvious anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, the mechanism of MF on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains uncertain. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of MF on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA).

Dexamethasone-Loaded Thermosensitive Hydrogel Suppresses Inflammation and Pain in Collagen-Induced Arthritis Rats.

Purpose: To overcome negative adverse effects and improve therapeutic index of dexamethasone (Dex) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we developed a novel sustained release formulation-intra-articular injectable dexamethasone-loaded thermosensitive hydrogel (DLTH) with chitosan-glycerin-borax as carrier for the remission of inflammation and pain. The focus of this article is to explore both anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects of DLTH joint injection in bovine type-II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats.

Methods: Wistar rats were randomized into three groups, including the normal group (n=6), the model group (n=6) and the DLTH group (n=10).

DMY protects the knee joints of rats with collagen-induced arthritis by inhibition of NF-κB signaling and osteoclastic bone resorption.

Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is a widely used animal model for studying rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which manifests serious joint dysfunction, progressive bone erosion and articular cartilage destruction. Considering that joint damage in RA is caused by systemic inflammation and dihydromyricetin (DMY), the main flavonoid of Ampelopsis Michx, possesses anti-inflammatory properties, in the present study we have investigated the potential capability of DMY to inhibit inflammation-mediated joint damage and explore the underlying mechanisms. A rat model of RA induced by CIA was administered with DMY for 5 weeks.

Correction to: Simulated microgravity significantly altered metabolism in epidermal stem cells.

The affiliation given for Yan Cui in this article is not correct. The following is the correction affiliation.

[Collagen Peptides Improve Lymphocyte Distribution in Peripheral Blood and T Lymphocyte Proliferation in Spleen of Mice under the Condition of Simulated Weightlessness].

Objective: To investigate whether collagen peptides can improve the immune functions of mice under the condition of simulated weightlessness.

Methods: Mouse tail-suspension model was used to simulate the effects of weightlessness. Tail-suspended mice were intraperitoneally injected with 600 mg collagen peptides per kilogram body weight once a day for 10 days.

Simulated microgravity significantly altered metabolism in epidermal stem cells.

Simulated microgravity can significantly affect various cell types and multiple systems of the human body, such as cardiovascular system, skeletal muscle system, and immune system, and is known to cause anemia and loss of electrolyte and fluids. Epidermal stem cells (EpSCs) were cultured in a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) bioreactor to simulate microgravity. The metabolites of EpSCs were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

The Traditional Chinese Medicine Fufang Shatai Heji (STHJ) Enhances Immune Function in Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice.

Fufang Shatai Heji (STHJ) is a mixture of traditional Chinese medicines, such as , , and . STHJ is commonly used to treat diseases caused by low immune function, for example, Sjögren's syndrome (SS). The primary objective of this study was to assess the immunopotentiating effect of STHJ using an immunosuppressive mouse model receiving cyclophosphamide (CTX).

Recombinant adenovirus of SEA and CD80 genes driven by MMRE and mouse TERT promoter induce effective antitumor immune responses against different types of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo.

Staphylococcus enterotoxin A (SEA) is a powerful immunostimulant and can stimulate T cells bearing certain T-cell receptor β-chain variable regions when bound to major histocompatibility complex II molecules. SEA is widely used in research of antitumor therapy. The low affinity T-cell receptor (TCR) interaction with SEA in the absence of MHC class II antigens is sufficient for the induction of cytotoxicity but requires additional CD28/B7 signaling to result in proliferation of resting T cells.

[Effects of sand burial on fluxes of greenhouse gases from the soil covered by biocrust in an arid desert region.].

Based on the measurements of the fluxes of CO, CH and NO from the soil covered by two types of biocrusts dominated separately by moss and algae-lichen, followed by 0 (control), 1 (shallow) and 10 (deep) mm depths of sand burial treatments, we studied the effects of sand burial on greenhouse gases fluxes and their relationships with soil temperature and moisture at Shapotou, southeastern edge of the Tengger Desert. The results showed that sand burial had significantly positive effects on CO emission fluxes and CH uptake fluxes of the soil covered by the two types of biocrusts, but imposed differential effects on NO fluxes depending on the type of biocrust and the depth of burial. Deep burial (10 mm) dramatically increased the NO uptake fluxes of the soil co-vered by the two types of biocrusts, while shallow burial (1 mm) decreased the NO uptake flux of the soil co-vered by moss crust only and had no significant effects on NO uptake flux of the soil covered by algae-lichen crust.

[Nitrification of biological soil crusts and soil system during drought process and its response to temperature and moisture: A case study in the Shapotou region, Northwest China].

Two types of soil covered by biological soil crusts (BSCs) , i.e. moss and algae, and moving sand in the natural vegetation area at the southeast fringe of the Tengger Desert were collected intactly.

Bovine collagen peptides compounds promote the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts.

Objective: Collagen peptides (CP) compounds, as bone health supplements, are known to play a role in the treatment of osteoporosis. However, the molecular mechanisms of this process remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of bovine CP compounds on the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells.

[Greenhouse gases fluxes of biological soil crusts and soil ecosystem in the artificial sand-fixing vegetation region in Shapotou area].

Uncertainties still existed for evaluating greenhouse gases fluxes (GHGs), including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) at the regional scale for desert ecosystem because available GHGs data about biological soil crusts (BSCs) was very scarce. In 2011 and 2012, soil ecosystem covered by various types of BSCs and BSCs at different succession stages in an artificial sand-fixing vegetation region established in various periods at southeast of the Shapotou area in Tengger Desert was selected to measure fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O using static chamber and gas chromatography. The results showed that curst type, recovery time and their interactions with sampling date significantly affected CO2 flux.

[Changes of anti-Streptococcus pneumoniae status in rats with simulated weightlessness].

Objective: To study the changes of anti-Streptococcus pneumonia (SP) status in rats with simulated weightlessness, and therefore to provide theoretical basis for the aerospace medicine.

Methods: Thirty-two healthy male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups: group A, the tail-suspension and SP group; group B, the tail-suspension without SP group; group C, the unsuspended but SP group; group D, the unsuspended and no SP group, with 8 rats in each. The tail-suspension method, i.

[Construction of recombinant adenovirus of SEA and CD80 genes co-expression regulated by mouse TERT promoter and identification of its expression in hepatoma cells].

Aim: To construct recombinant co-expression adenovirus vector of SEA and CD80 genes regulated by mouse TERT(telomerase reverse transcriptase, TERT) promoter and to observe the expression of SEA and CD80 in the Hepa1-6 cells mediated by it.

Methods: Using AdEasy adenovirus system, the core promoter region of mTERT was subcloned to shuttle plasmid pShuttle2 and Myc-Max response element was inserted upstream of it to regulate the expression of SEA and CD80. The recombinant co-expression adenovirus vector of SEA and CD80 genes was constructed and named as Ad-MMRE-mTERT-BIS.

Microarray analysis of altered gene expression in diallyl trisulfide-treated HepG2 cells.

Diallyl trisulfide (DT) is a natural compound derived from garlic. Despite its reported lipid-lowering effects, the mechanisms of its actions are not clear yet. To further understand the molecular mechanisms of actions of this compound, microarray technology was used in the present study to investigate the lipid-lowering effects of DT on HepG2 cells.