Microbial Community Composition Associated with Potato Plants Displaying Early Dying Syndrome.

Potato early dying disease complex (PED) leads to premature senescence and rapid decline in potato plants. Unlike potato wilt caused solely by species, PED symptoms are more severe due to the synergistic effects of multiple pathogens, including root-lesion nematodes, fungi such as and , and soft-rot bacteria. To investigate the microbiome responsible for PED, soil and stem samples from healthy-looking and symptomatic plants were analyzed using amplicon-targeted next-generation sequencing (Illumina MiSeq and PacBio technologies).

Synergistic activation of grapevine defense mechanisms against downy mildew by extract and CHA0.

Downy mildew, caused by , poses a major threat to grapevine production, necessitating effective and sustainable disease management strategies. extract (ANE) and CHA0 possess biostimulant and biocontrol properties, respectively, with reported potential to induce plant defense against various pathogens. However, their combined application and potential synergistic effects in grapevine disease management remain largely unexplored.

Acid hydrolysis and microwave digestion enhanced protein extraction from red seaweed .

proteins have limited dietary use due to ineffective protein extraction methods. This study explores pretreatments, including homogenization, ultrasonication, microwave digestion, surfactant addition, acid hydrolysis, and viscozyme hydrolysis, before conventional alkaline solubilization and acidic precipitation to improve protein extraction yield and purity. The results showed that microwave digestion (500 W, 30 min) and acid hydrolysis (2 M HSO, 95 °C, 2 h) significantly increased final yield from 10.

A Plant biostimulant prepared from Ascophyllum nodosum Induces Flowering by Regulating the MIR156-mediated Age Pathway in Arabidopsis.

Flowering, the change from vegetative development to the reproductive phase, represents a crucial and intricate stage in the life cycle of plants, which is tightly controlled by both internal and external factors. In this study, we investigated the effect of Ascophyllum nodosum extract (ANE) on the flowering time of Arabidopsis. We found that a 0.

Genetic structure and population diversity of Phytophthora infestans strains in Pacific western Canada.

Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is an economically important disease of potato and tomato worldwide. In Canada, an increase in late blight incidence and severity coincided with changes in genetic composition of P. infestans.

Physiological Effects of Oxidative Stress Caused by Saxitoxin in the Nematode .

Saxitoxin (STX) causes high toxicity by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels, and it poses a major threat to marine ecosystems and human health worldwide. Our work evaluated the neurotoxicity and chronic toxicology of STX to by an analysis of lifespan, brood size, growth ability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, and the overexpression of green fluorescent protein (GFP). After exposure to a series of concentrations of STX for 24 h, worms showed paralysis symptoms and fully recovered within 6 h; less than 5% of worms died at the highest concentration of 1000 ng/mL for first larval stage (L1) worms and 10,000 ng/mL for fourth larval stage (L4) worms.

A Plant Biostimulant from Potentiates Plant Growth Promotion and Stress Protection Activity of CHA0.

Abiotic stresses, including salinity stress, affect numerous crops, causing yield reduction, and, as a result, important economic losses. Extracts from the brown alga (ANE), and compounds secreted by the strain, CHA0, can mitigate these effects by inducing tolerance against salt stress. However, the influence of ANE on CHA0 secretion, and the combined effects of these two biostimulants on plant growth, are not known.

Impacts of abiotic factors on the fungal communities of 'Honeycrisp' apples in Canada.

The maintenance of the beneficial plant microbiome to control plant pathogens is an emerging concept of disease management, and necessitates a clear understanding of these microbial communities and the environmental factors that affect their diversity and compositional structure. As such, studies investigating the microbiome of economically significant cultivars within each growing region are necessary to develop adequate disease management strategies. Here, we assessed the relative impacts of growing season, management strategy, and geographical location on the fungal microbiome of 'Honeycrisp' apples from seven different orchard locations in the Atlantic Maritime Ecozone for two consecutive growing years.

First Report of as a Mycoparasite on Causing Head Rot of Cabbage in India.

, an ascomycetous, omnipresent, cellulose-decaying soil fungus, has been reported to be a well-known mycoparasitic biological control agent. In this study, we isolated , a mycoparasitic fungus for the first time in India from sclerotia of the notorious plant pathogen , causing head rot disease in cabbage. A total of five mycoparasitic fungi were isolated from the sclerotial bodies of (TNAU-CR 01, 02, 03, 04 and 05).

A novel antibiotic combination of linezolid and polymyxin B octapeptide PBOP against clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.

Background: Antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are becoming a major public health threat such as the important opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). The present study investigated enhancement of the linezolid spectrum, which is normally used to treat Gram-positive bacteria, at inhibiting P.

Subinhibitory Cefotaxime and Levofloxacin Concentrations Contribute to Selection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Coculture with Staphylococcus aureus.

Bacterial species in the polymicrobial community evolve interspecific interaction relationships to adapt to the survival stresses imposed by neighbors or environmental cues. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are two common bacterial pathogens frequently coisolated from patients with burns and respiratory disease. Whether the application of commonly used antibiotics influences the interaction dynamics of the two species still remains largely unexplored.

Antibacterial and anti-virulence effects of furazolidone on Trueperella pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Background: Trueperella pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are two important bacterial pathogens closely relating to the occurrence and development of forest musk deer respiratory purulent disease. Although T. pyogenes is the causative agent of the disease, the subsequently invaded P.

Neuroprotective potential of flavonoid rich Ascophyllum nodosum (FRAN) fraction from the brown seaweed on an Aβ induced Alzheimer's model of Drosophila.

Background: In Alzheimer Disease (AD) pathogenesis, aggregation of Aβ fibrils strongly correlates with memory dysfunction and neurotoxicity. Till date, no promising cures for AD. Report shows that flavonoids contributed anti-oxidant, anti-cancer and neuroprotection activity by regulating the mitochondrial machinery.

Alkaline extract of the seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum stimulates arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their endomycorrhization of plant roots.

Ascophyllum nodosum extracts (ANE) are well-established plant biostimulants that improve stress tolerance and crop vigour, while also having been shown to stimulate soil microbes. The intersection of these two stimulatory activities, and how they combine to enhance plant health, however, remains poorly understood. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate: (1) the direct effect of ANE on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis, and (2) whether ANE influences endomycorrhization in plants.

Antibiotic intervention redisposes bacterial interspecific interacting dynamics in competitive environments.

Interspecific interaction happens frequently among bacterial species and can promote the colonization of polymicrobial community in various environments. However, it is not clear whether the intervention of antibiotics, which is a common therapeutic method for infectious disease, will influence the interacting dynamics of different pathogenic bacteria. By using the frequently co-isolated bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus as models, here we identify an antibiotic-determined mutual invasion relationship between bacterial pathogens.

A Novel Protein from sp. Improves Salinity and High Temperature Stress Tolerance in .

Brown alga sp. belongs to Phaeophyceae, a class of macroalgae that evolved complex multicellularity. sp.

Seaweed-Based Compounds and Products for Sustainable Protection against Plant Pathogens.

Sustainable agricultural practices increasingly demand novel, environmentally friendly compounds which induce plant immunity against pathogens. Stimulating plant immunity using seaweed extracts is a highly viable strategy, as these formulations contain many bio-elicitors (phyco-elicitors) which can significantly boost natural plant immunity. Certain bioactive elicitors present in a multitude of extracts of seaweeds (both commercially available and bench-scale laboratory formulations) activate pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) due to their structural similarity (i.

Biostimulant Improves the Growth of Grown Under Phosphorus Impoverished Conditions.

Phosphorous is one of the major limiting factors determining plant growth. Current agricultural practices mainly rely on the use of chemical fertilizers posing threat to the ecosystem. In this study, the application of an extract (ANE) in phosphorous (P)-limited conditions improved the fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots of .

Extracellular products-mediated interspecific interaction between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli.

The Gram-negative pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa adopts several elaborate strategies to colonize a wide range of natural or clinical niches and to overcome the neighboring bacterial competitors in polymicrobial communities. However, the relationship and interaction mechanism of P. aeruginosa with other bacterial pathogens remains largely unexplored.

Low Mannitol Concentrations in Expressing Genes Improve Salt Tolerance.

Mannitol is abundant in a wide range of organisms, playing important roles in biotic and abiotic stress responses. Nonetheless, mannitol is not produced by a vast majority of plants, including many important crop plants. Mannitol-producing transgenic plants displayed improved tolerance to salt stresses though mannitol production was rather low, in the µM range, compared to mM range found in plants that innately produce mannitol.

Combined application of Ascophyllum nodosum extract and chitosan synergistically activates host-defense of peas against powdery mildew.

Background: Powdery mildew (PM) is an important disease of pea that reduce yield. Ascophyllum nodosum extract (ANE) and chitosan (CHT) are biostimulants used to improve plant health. Efficacy of ANE and CHT was assessed individually and in combination against pea powdery mildew.

A Biostimulant Preparation of Brown Seaweed Suppresses Powdery Mildew of Strawberry.

Strawberry, an important fruit crop, is susceptible to a large number of pathogens that reduce fruit quality and productivity. In this study, the effect of a biostimulant prepared from extract (ANE) (0.1%, 0.

-Based Biostimulants: Sustainable Applications in Agriculture for the Stimulation of Plant Growth, Stress Tolerance, and Disease Management.

Abiotic and biotic stresses limit the growth and productivity of plants. In the current global scenario, in order to meet the requirements of the ever-increasing world population, chemical pesticides and synthetic fertilizers are used to boost agricultural production. These harmful chemicals pose a serious threat to the health of humans, animals, plants, and the entire biosphere.

Ascophyllum nodosum extract mitigates salinity stress in Arabidopsis thaliana by modulating the expression of miRNA involved in stress tolerance and nutrient acquisition.

Ascophyllum nodosum extract (ANE) contains bioactive compounds that improve the growth of Arabidopsis in experimentally-induced saline conditions; however, the molecular mechanisms through which ANE elicits tolerance to salinity remain largely unexplored. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression, playing crucial roles in plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. Next generation sequencing of miRNAs from leaves of control Arabidopsis and from plants subjected to three treatments (ANE, NaCl and ANE+NaCl) was used to identify ANE-responsive miRNA in the absence and presence of saline conditions.