Adverse childhood experiences and mental health of sexual and gender minorities in Canada, USA, and Japan.

Background: Sexual and gender minorities have an increased risk for adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and worsening mental health. However, cross-country research on varying levels of social acceptance remains limited. We compared the impact of sexual and gender minority status on ACEs and poor mental health between Canada, USA, and Japan.

Problematic online gaming mediates the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity and subsequent mental health issues in adolescents.

Theoretical models suggest that attention-deficit/hyperactivity and problematic online gaming could contribute to negative mental health outcomes, yet evidence on their interplay remains limited. Using data from 3171 adolescents in the Tokyo Teen Cohort, the present study examined the interplay of attention-deficit/hyperactivity at age 12 and problematic online gaming at age 14 associated with mental health issues at age 16. The sample consisted of 1487 girls (46.

Investigating the association between the number of interpersonal supporters during first-time pregnancy and postpartum depression symptoms.

Aims: First-year postpartum depression is a common mental health problem among first-time mothers. A younger age of pregnancy often compounds the challenge due to underlying factors such as poverty and limited educational achievement. This study aimed to examine the minimal number of interpersonal supporters during pregnancy associated with lower levels of postpartum depressive symptoms among first-time mothers.

Corrigendum: Study on adolescents' attitudes and attachment toward companion animals: mitigating the negative effects of cultural estrangement on wellbeing.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.

Contact Experiences of Adolescents and Family Members Are Associated With Decrease of Personal Stigma But Increase of Perceived Stigma.

Background: Adolescents' mental health-related public stigma, encompassing personal and perceived stigma, may vary according to family dynamics and personal or familial experiences. This study aimed to investigate the association between adolescents' and their family members' stigma, specifically whether adolescents' personal and perceived stigma are associated with other members' experiences, particularly contact experiences.

Methods: From a population-based cohort of adolescents aged 17 years in Tokyo, 1,198 responses from 378 families (349 target adolescents, 364 mothers, 291 fathers, 194 siblings) were used in this study.

Predictors of psychotic experiences among adolescents with obsessive-compulsive symptoms: A data-driven machine learning approach.

Aim: Prediction of future psychosis in individuals with obsessive and compulsive (OC) symptoms is crucial for treatment choice, but only a few predictors have been revealed. Although OC symptoms and psychotic experiences (PEs) are common in adolescence, no studies have revealed the predictors of subsequent PEs in adolescents with OC symptoms. We aimed to explore the predictors for subsequent PEs among adolescents with OC symptoms, using a data-driven machine-learning approach on an adolescent cohort.

Study on adolescents' attitudes and attachment toward companion animals: mitigating the negative effects of cultural estrangement on wellbeing.

The mental health of adolescents is an important issue, since it has a significant impact on their future lives. In this regard, one of the methods for supporting adolescents' mental health is the interaction with companion animals, which is becoming widely recognized. In our previous research, we showed that owning companion animals has positive effects on adolescents' wellbeing and cultural estrangement.

Associations among age at menopause, depressive symptoms, and cognitive function.

Introduction: Evidence is scarce regarding the role of menopause in age-related cognitive function trajectories associated with increased depressive symptoms. We examined the longitudinal association among sex and age at menopause, depressive symptoms, and 2-year follow-up cognitive function.

Methods: We used data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, classifying age at menopause into three categories: < 40, 40 to 49, and ≥ 50 years.

The Role of Inflammation in Cancer: Mechanisms of Tumor Initiation, Progression, and Metastasis.

Inflammation is an essential component of the immune response that protects the host against pathogens and facilitates tissue repair. Chronic inflammation is a critical factor in cancer development and progression. It affects every stage of tumor development, from initiation and promotion to invasion and metastasis.

Association between plasma glucuronic acid levels and clinical features in schizophrenia.

Background: Glucuronic acid (GlcA) is crucial in the glucuronidation pathway, facilitating the metabolism and elimination of various substances and drugs. Recent studies have noted elevated GlcA levels in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) compared with healthy individuals. However, it remains unclear whether this elevation contributes to SCZ pathophysiology or results from medication effects.

Characterization of the gut phageome of Japanese patients with ulcerative colitis under endoscopic remission.

This study aimed to analyze the gut phageome in Japanese patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) in endoscopic remission. Fecal samples were collected from 35 UC patients and 22 healthy controls. The gut microbiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, and the phageome was profiled through shotgun metagenomic sequencing.

Trajectories of depressive symptoms among young people in London, UK, and Tokyo, Japan: a longitudinal cross-cohort study.

Background: Research suggests gender inequalities in adolescent mental health are context dependent and might be preventable through social and structural change. However, variations in the size of gender inequalities in mental health across diverse cultural contexts could be due to incomparable measurement. We aimed to compare a measurement of mental health among young people in Tokyo, Japan, and London, UK, and test the hypothesis that gender inequalities in depressive symptom trajectories are larger in London than in Tokyo.

Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein as a superior biomarker to C-reactive protein for detecting small bowel lesions in Crohn's disease.

Background: Achievement of endoscopic healing (EH) is significant in the clinical practice of inflammatory bowel disease as it is correlated with improved prognosis. Existing biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), have relatively low accuracy for predicting EH, especially in small intestinal lesions in Crohn's disease (CD); thus, noninvasive and more accurate biomarkers are required. Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG), a 50-kD protein, is produced under inflammatory conditions and has been reported to be useful in assessing disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease.

A Pilot Study Using a Smartwatch to Search for Biomarkers of Heart Rate Variability in Active Ulcerative Colitis.

Introduction: Autonomic imbalance has been reported to correlate with clinical remission in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). This study evaluated heart rate variability (HRV), a potential digital biomarker, in patients with active UC using a smartwatch that is easy to handle.

Methods: Patients with active UC were recruited for this prospective study.

Osseous Sarcoid-like Reaction in Sigmoid Colon Cancer Requiring Differentiation from Bone Metastasis.

Although sarcoid-like reactions are uncommon in colorectal cancer, they can coexist with other cancers. We herein report a 50-year-old woman with sigmoid adenocarcinoma and osseous sarcoid-like reactions that resembled metastases. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography revealed an uptake in the iliac bone and para-aortic lymph nodes.

Longitudinal associations between informal caring, social network, and psychological distress among adolescents and young adults: modelling within-person effects.

Background: Informal caring is associated with mental health deterioration among young people and impacts their help-seeking ability. Social network can provide social support and mitigate the impact of informal care. However, young carers may avoid identification and withdraw from social networks.

Evidence-based diagnostic prediction score for pediatric NMDA receptor encephalitis.

Objective: Early diagnosis and treatment of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARE) are crucial for a favorable prognosis. Detecting the causative autoantibodies can be challenging. Probable diagnostic criteria are useful in adults less so in children.

Protective role of school climate for impacts of COVID-19 on depressive symptoms and psychotic experiences among adolescents: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Schools are central places for adolescent social lives, which is a major factor greatly affecting adolescent mental health; school climate (i.e. quality of the school social environments) can be a proximal social determinant for adolescent mental health.

Association between number of confidants and adolescent anxiety/depression: a school-based study.

Background: Having no or few confidants is found to be associated with more severe mental health problems and a higher prevalence of depression in adults, but research examining this association in adolescents is scarce. Social relationships may be particularly critical during adolescence, as it is an important developmental period during which vulnerability to mental health problems increases. The present study examined the relationship between having no or few confidants and anxiety/depressive symptoms in adolescents.

Psychotic experiences and dissociation in adolescents: Within-person analysis in the Tokyo teen cohort.

Although many cross-sectional studies showed that psychotic experiences (PEs) and dissociation were closely related, the longitudinal association between them remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine the longitudinal association of these two symptoms throughout adolescence, under the hypothesis that these two symptoms are bidirectionally associated. Data were obtained from a population-based cohort, the Tokyo Teen Cohort study (TTC; N = 3171).