Microbiological and Clinical Epidemiology of Lomentospora prolificans infections.

Lomentospora prolificans (formerly Scedosporium prolificans) is an emerging fungal pathogen, affecting both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. Treatment is difficult due to intrinsic resistance against multiple anti-fungal agents. We describe five patients with L.

Clinical Profile, Outcomes, and Predictors of Malignant Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma: Insights From a Single-Center Cohort.

Background: Malignant pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (mPPGL) are not so common and the factors predicting the metastatic behavior are not well understood.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 218 patients with PPGL managed at our center over a period of 11 years (2013-2024). The clinical profile and treatment outcomes of patients with mPPGL were studied and were compared with non-metastatic PPGL(non-mPPGL).

Absorbable Hemostatic Agents Mimic Gossypiboma or Infected Collection on Imaging.

Absorbable hemostatic agents are commonly used in clinical practice and their imaging appearance is less known. In our case series, we demonstrate how absorbable hemostatic agents can masquerade as other clinically and medicolegally significant conditions such as gossypiboma and infected collections. Through our report, we aimed to describe the imaging features of absorbable hemostatic agents, to compare them with their imaging mimics, and provide a comprehensive review of the available literature.

Anal and Perianal Masses: The Common, the Uncommon, and the Rare.

A variety of tumors involve the anal canal because the anal canal forms the transition between the digestive system and the skin, and this anatomical region is made of a variety of different cells and tissues. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for diagnosis and local staging of the anal canal and perianal neoplasms. In this pictorial review, we demonstrate the MRI anatomy of the anal canal and perianal region and display the imaging spectrum of tumors in the region along with an overview of its management.

Prevalence of CT-detected extramural vascular invasion in gastric adenocarcinoma and its correlation with other known prognostic factors.

Purpose: To study the prevalence of extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) and its association with other prognostic factors.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, consecutive patients with GA who underwent staging CT between January 2021 and December 2022 were included. Two radiologists reviewed the staging CT for EMVI and its grade and documented tumor location, thickness, and TNM stage.

Can Pretreatment MRI and Planning CT Radiomics Improve Prediction of Complete Pathological Response in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Following Neoadjuvant Treatment?

Objective(s): The treatment response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) differs largely in individuals treated for rectal cancer. In this study, we investigated the role of radiomics to predict the pathological response in locally advanced rectal cancers at different treatment time points: (1) before the start of any treatment using baseline T2-weighted MRI (T2W-MR) and (2) at the start of radiation treatment using planning CT.

Methods: Patients on nCRT followed by surgery between June 2017 to December 2019 were included in the study.

Impact of the 2023 FIGO Staging System for Endometrial Cancer on the Use of Imaging Services: An Indian Perspective.

The new 2023 update of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system for endometrial cancer incorporates the advances made in the understanding of the pathology and molecular classifications into the staging system. While the new staging system aids in precision medicine and may lead to better documentation of prognostic risk categories of endometrial cancer, it is complex and calls for an integrated approach and better communication between multiple disciplines involved in the management of endometrial cancer. In this review article, we address how the referral patterns to imaging services might change considering the updated staging system for endometrial cancer.

Teleradiology and technology innovations in radiology: status in India and its role in increasing access to primary health care.

Background: There is an inequitable distribution of radiology facilities in India. This scoping review aimed at mapping the available technology instruments to improve access to imaging at primary health care; to identify the facilitators and barriers, and the knowledge gaps for widespread adaptation of technology solutions.

Methods: A search was conducted using broad inclusive terms non-specific to subtypes of medical imaging devices or informatics.

Predicting Positive Radial Margin on Restaging MRI of Patients with Low Rectal Cancer: Can We Do Better?

 The aim of this study was to characterize the tissue involving the margin and study if this information will affect margin prediction on restaging magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in low rectal adenocarcinoma (LRC) patients treated with neoadjuvant long-course chemoradiotherapy (LCCRT).  In this retrospective study of nonmetastatic LRC (distal margin <5 cm from the anal verge) treated with LCCRT followed by surgery, a radiologist blinded to outcome reread the restaging MRI and documented if the radial margin was involved by tumor, fibrosis, or mucin reaction using T2 high-resolution (HR) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). The diagnostic performance of tumor-involving margin on restaging MRI was assessed using surgical histopathology as a reference.

Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) with Full Dose Concurrent Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Adenocarcinoma Including Signet Ring and Mucinous Cancers.

Purpose: Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) with pre-operative chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy results in improved survival and is becoming the new standard of care in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). We describe our experience with TNT consisting of induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiotherapy using full dose 5FU without oxaliplatin.

Methods: Adults with biopsy-proven, newly diagnosed LARC with high-risk characteristics on pelvic MRI (T4a or T4b, extramural vascular invasion, N2, mesorectal fascia involvement, enlargement/tumor deposits on lateral lymph nodes) were included.

MRI of Recurrent Fistula-in-Ano: Is it Different from Treatment-Naïve Fistula-in-Ano and How Does it Correlate with Anal Sphincter Morphology?

 The main aim of this study was to compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of recurrent and treatment-naïve fistula-in-ano and to correlate imaging findings with anal sphincter morphology in recurrent fistula-in-ano.  This is a retrospective study of adult patients who underwent MRI for suspected fistula-in-ano in 2018. After excluding patients with alternative diagnosis, patients were stratified into recurrent (  = 103) and treatment-naïve (  = 106) fistula-in-ano groups.

End-of-Treatment FDG PET-CT (EOT-PET) in Patients with Post-Chemotherapy Masses for Seminoma: Can We Avoid Further Intervention?

Anjana Joel  Patients with seminoma present with advanced disease. End-of-treatment (EOT) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is done to assess response and direct management of post-chemotherapy residual masses.  This article assesses the utility of EOT PET-CT in the management of post-chemotherapy residual lymph nodal masses seminoma.

How Are Imaging Findings Associated with Exocrine Insufficiency in Idiopathic Chronic Pancreatitis?

 The aim is to study the association between imaging findings in chronic pancreatitis and fecal elastase 1 (FE1) in patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis (ICP).  In this retrospective study on a prospectively maintained database of patients with ICP, a radiologist blinded to clinical and laboratory findings reviewed CT and/or MRI. Findings were documented according to recommendations of the Consortium for the Study of Chronic Pancreatitis, Diabetes, and Pancreatic Cancer, October 2018.

MDT stage migration in MRI of significant rectal polyps and early rectal cancers.

Purpose: To audit the diagnostic accuracy of MRI for staging early and polyp rectal cancers with the purpose of identifying scope for service improvement.

Methods: This is an IRB approved retrospective study of patients who underwent staging MRI for rectal growths followed by upfront TME type surgery or local excision without neoadjuvant therapy between 2018 and 2021. MR-T-stage was compared with surgical histopathology.

Assessment of the 2020 NICE criteria for preoperative radiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer treated by surgery alone in comparison with proven MRI prognostic factors: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Selection of patients for preoperative treatment in rectal cancer is controversial. The new 2020 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines, consistent with the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, recommend preoperative radiotherapy for all patients except for those with radiologically staged T1-T2, N0 tumours. We aimed to assess outcomes in non-irradiated patients with rectal cancer and to stratify results on the basis of NICE criteria, compared with known MRI prognostic factors now omitted by NICE.

Diabetes Mellitus With Renal and Müllerian Anomalies.

Objective: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) type 5 is caused by an autosomal dominant mutation in the gene. Our objective was to report a case of a young girl with bicornuate uterus and recurrent renal stones with diabetes mellitus (DM) without a family history that was diagnosed to be MODY 5.

Case Report: A 12-year-old girl presented with recurrent renal stones that were managed with lithotripsy and double-J stenting at various time points.

Prognostic significance of MR identified EMVI, tumour deposits, mesorectal nodes and pelvic side wall disease in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Aim: To study the prognostic significance of MRI identified tumour deposits (TD), extramural vascular invasion (EMVI), lymph node metastases (LNM) and pelvic sidewall (PSW) disease in rectal cancer.

Methods: This IRB approved study was conducted on patients with stage IIA-IIIC rectal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant long course chemoradiotherapy (LCCRT) and total mesorectal excision (TME) type of surgery between 2012-2018. A radiologist blinded to outcome reviewed staging and restaging magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for TD, EMVI, LNM and PSW.

Communicating imaging findings in peritoneal mesothelioma: the impact of 'PAUSE' on surgical decision-making.

The peritoneal cavity is the second commonest site of mesothelioma after the pleural cavity. There are five histological types of peritoneal mesothelioma with variable symptomatology, clinical presentation and prognosis. Cystic mesothelioma is a borderline malignant neoplasm with a favourable prognosis, well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma is generally a low-grade malignancy, and all other varieties such as epithelioid, sarcomatoid and biphasic mesothelioma are highly malignant types of peritoneal mesothelioma with poor prognosis.

Radiology Reporting Errors: Learning from Report Addenda.

The addition of new information to a completed radiology report in the form of an "addendum" conveys a variety of information, ranging from less significant typographical errors to serious omissions and misinterpretations. Understanding the reasons for errors and their clinical implications will lead to better clinical governance and radiology practice. This article assesses the common reasons which lead to addenda generation to completed reports and their clinical implications.

Platinum-Pemetrexed Chemotherapy for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer (ROC): A Single Center Experience.

In this retrospective analysis of 36 patients with recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC) treated with platinum pemetrexed doublet ± bevacizumab, the median age was 54.5 years (47-60) and 33 (91.7%) had serous histology.

Barium Defecating Proctography and Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Proctography: Their Role and Patient's Perception.

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to compare the imaging findings and patient's perception of barium defecating proctography and dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) proctography in patients with pelvic floor disorders.

Material And Methods: This is a prospective study conducted on patients with pelvic floor disorders who consented to undergo both barium proctography and dynamic MR proctography. Imaging findings of both the procedures were compared.