Feasibility planning study of lattice radiotherapy for palliation in bulky tumors.

Purpose: Lattice radiotherapy can potentially deliver high doses to the tumor core, while conventional doses to the periphery resulting in improved response rates in large tumors (> 5 cm). We assessed the feasibility of planning lattice radiotherapy and dosimetrically compared it with conventional radiotherapy.

Methods: This retrospective dosimetric study evaluated 10 patients with large tumors (> 5 cm) treated with palliative intent with a dose of 20Gy in five fractions.

Chitosan nanoparticles: a versatile frontier in drug delivery and wound healing across multiple routes.

The domain of nanoscience has observed significant advancements over the former two decades. Researchers in nanomedicine field have been rigorously exploring the employment of natural biodegradable polymers for targeted drug delivery (TDD). Chitosan (CS), acquired from the deacetylation of chitin, is a naturally occurring amino polysaccharide, whose features of non-toxicity, prolonged retention time, biocompatibility, increased bioavailability, and biodegradability have hastened extensive study into diverse applications.

Prevalence, patterns, and impact of myofascial pain in patients with head and neck cancer after cancer treatment - a single-center cross-sectional study in India.

Purpose: Head and neck cancer is the seventh most prevalent cancer, with over 660,000 new cases and 325,000 annual fatalities, accounting for 30% of all cancer cases. Chronic cancer-related pain affects 15-75% of patients, with myofascial pain being especially common in those with head and neck cancers, ranging from 11.9 to 44.

A Prospective Study on the Use of Deep Inspiration Breath-Hold Technique in External Beam Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of death in women. The deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) technique helps reduce the dose received by the heart and lungs in breast cancers during adjuvant radiotherapy (RT). We present the dosimetry of heart and lungs with DIBH technique, reproducibility, and ease of execution.

Phytochemical baicalin potentially inhibits Bcl-2 and VEGF: an approach.

Background: The rising prevalence of cancer cells exhibits uncontrolled growth and invasive and aggressive properties, leading to metastasis, which poses a significant challenge for global health. Central to cancer development are proteins such as NF-kB, p53, VEGF, and BAX/Bcl-2, which play important roles in angiogenesis, cell apoptosis regulation, and tumor growth.

Methodology: This study evaluates the activity of six different natural as well as novel therapeutic strategies against cancer.

Virtual perspectives of sanguinarine on cancer prevention and treatment through molecular dynamic study.

Cancer prevention involves resisting cancer development at initial stages, retarding angiogenesis and initiating cancer cell apoptosis. Through the use of virtual screening, binding free energy calculations, and molecular dynamics simulations, we were able to identify compounds with potential anticancer activity."During the virtual screening process, compounds with promising drug-like properties were chosen using the Lipinski rule of five, and their binding affinities were evaluated by docking studies.

Influencing hair regrowth with EGCG by targeting glycogen synthase kinase-3β activity: a molecular dynamics study.

Hair follicle growth process through several well-organized stages with specific input by several signaling pathways including Wnt/β-catenin and Sonic Hedgehog with GSK3β in this process. As such, this research focus on investigating the efficacy of molecules that are able to inhibit GSK3β action in inducing hair regrowth. Applying computational techniques, three compounds NMN, Resveratrol and EGCG were analyzed for their GSK3β inhibition.

Nitro Substituted Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) Schiff Base Metal complexes: design, spectral analysis, antimicrobial and in-silico molecular docking investigation.

The Schiff base metal complexes containing the transition metal ions Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) were synthesized using their nitrate and acetate salts. An octahedral environment encircling metal complexes has been demonstrated by the findings of multiple spectroscopic approaches that were employed to demonstrate the structure of the metal complexes. The Coats-Redfern method of thermal analysis was employed to carry out the kinetic and thermodynamic calculations.

Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity, DFT Calculations, Molecular Docking and ADME Studies of Novel Schiff Base Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) Complexes Derived from 4-nitro-ortho-phenylenediamine.

A condensation reaction was carried out between 4-nitro-ortho-phenylenediamine and 5-bromosalicyaldehyde to synthesize a novel Schiff base ligand 2,2'-[(1E,1'E)-(4-nitro-1,2-phenylene) bis (azaneylylidene) bis (methaneylylidene)] bis (4-bromophenol) [NB] in the current investigation. This was followed by the synthesis of metallic complexes comprising the Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) transition metal ions. A hexadentate environment encircling metal complexes was corroborated by the results of varied spectroscopic methods that were employed to unravel the structure of the ligand and metal complexes.

Precision Population Cancer Medicine in Brain Tumors: A Potential Roadmap to Improve Outcomes and Strategize the Steps to Bring Interdisciplinary Interventions.

Brain tumors, a significant health burden, rank as the second leading cause of cancer among adolescents and young adults and the eighth most common cancer in older adults. Despite treatment advances, outcomes for many brain tumor types, especially glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), remain poor. Precision population cancer medicine (PPCM) offers promising avenues for improving outcomes in brain tumor management.

A Dosimetric Comparison Study for Blood Irradiation Employing Different Medium and Algorithms in Clinical Linear Accelerator.

Objective: To identify a suitable approach for blood irradiation other than the commonly used water medium and to study the impact of different algorithm dose computations.

Methods: Water is the commonly used medium for blood irradiation. In this study computed tomography scans were taken with locally made blood irradiation phantoms other than water, by using air, rice powder and thermocole using parallel beam for 25 Gy.

Advancing plant-based meat analogs: Composite blend of pulse protein reinforcing structure with fibrous mushroom, jackfruit seed powder and carboxymethyl cellulose.

In this study, Indian pulse proteins from cowpeas, yellow peas, green gram, and horse gram were used to create plant-based meatball analogs. The nutritional composition, molecular functional groups, color, and texture of meatball analogs T1, T2, and T3 and mutton meatballs were thoroughly analyzed. T1 had highest protein (51%) compared to control (19%), T2 (45%), and T3 (36%), but fiber content (1.

From algae to advancements: laminarin in biomedicine.

Laminarin, a complicated polysaccharide originating from brown algae, has emerged as a compelling candidate in the domain of biomedical research. This enigmatic molecule, composed of glucose units associated with both β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic bonds, possesses an array of remarkable characteristics that render it auspicious for multifaceted biomedical applications. This review investigates the comprehensive potential of laminarin in the biomedical domain, emphasizing its remarkable biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, and cell proliferation support.

Using Artificial Intelligence to Stratify Normal versus Abnormal Chest X-rays: External Validation of a Deep Learning Algorithm at East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust.

The chest radiograph (CXR) is the most frequently performed radiological examination worldwide. The increasing volume of CXRs performed in hospitals causes reporting backlogs and increased waiting times for patients, potentially compromising timely clinical intervention and patient safety. Implementing computer-aided detection (CAD) artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms capable of accurate and rapid CXR reporting could help address such limitations.

Molecular docking and physicochemical studies of 1,3-benzodioxole tagged Dacarbazine derivatives as an anticancer agent.

Cancer, the biggest cause of death globally, remains a tough illness despite enormous advances in therapy. In the present study, 1,3-benzodioxole-tagged dacarbazine derivates were investigated as microtubule inhibitors in order to control cancer as microtubules are involved in cell proliferation. The tubulin protein was analyzed and its structure was validated by various protein validation tools.

Synthesis of Transition-Metal-Doped Nanocatalysts with Antibacterial Capabilities Using a Complementary Green Method.

A facile single-step wet chemical synthesis of a transition-metal-doped molybdate derivative was achieved via an extract-mediated green approach. The Synthesized nanomaterials of doped molybdate were characterized by optical and other spectroscopic techniques, which confirmed the size of nanocrystalline (~27.3 nm).

Retention of Knowledge and Efficacy of a Hands-on Training Session in Oxygen Therapy for COVID-19 among Healthcare Workers.

Introduction: We conducted basic hands-on training in oxygen therapy and ventilatory management of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients to health care workers (HCWs) at our tertiary care hospital. We designed this study aiming to find out the impact of hands-on training in oxygen therapy for COVID-19 patients on the knowledge and degree of retention of this gained knowledge 6 weeks after the training session among HCWs.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted after obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee.

Pneumothorax in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients in the Indian Subcontinent.

Background And Aims: To explore the incidence and risk factors, as well as mortality, in critically ill COVID-19 patients who developed pneumothorax (PTX) and/or pneumomediastinum (PNM).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was undertaken to analyse data of all patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 disease who were either RTPCR positive or had a clinico-radiological diagnosis. The exposure group consisted of COVID-19 patients who presented with PTX/PNM, whereas the non-exposure group consisted of patients who did not develop PTX and/or PNM during the stay.

Modulation of mTORC1 and IL-6 following mirror therapy and pregabalin in complex regional pain syndrome type 1.

The study was designed to evaluate the modulation of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and IL-6 genes following the use of mirror therapy (MT) and pregabalin in complex regional pain syndrome type-1 patients. Two groups of 20 patients: MT group received MT and pregabalin, control therapy group received pregabalin. Neuropathic pain symptom inventory (NPSI), numeric rating scale - pain, modified motor activity log, SF-12 questionnaire for quality of life and IL-6 and mTORC1 expression were evaluated.

To Assess the Effect of Septoplasty on Pulmonary Function Tests: A Prospective Study.

To assess the effect of septoplasty on pulmonary function test (PFT). 50 cases were chosen between the age group 18-50. All cases had nasal obstruction due to nasal septum deviation.

Chondroitin sulfate-based composites: a tour d'horizon of their biomedical applications.

Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a natural anionic mucopolysaccharide, belonging to the glycosaminoglycan family, acts as the primary element of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of diverse organisms. It comprises repeating units of disaccharides possessing β-1,3-linked -acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc), and β-1,4-linked D-glucuronic acid (GlcA), and exhibits antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant, anti-oxidant, and anti-thrombogenic activities. It is a naturally acquired bio-macromolecule with beneficial properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and immensely low toxicity, making it the center of attention in developing biomaterials for various biomedical applications.