Capacity building of primary healthcare providers in Rajasthan, India, for screening and management of common mental health disorders: a study protocol.

Background: Mental disorders impose significant social and financial burdens on individuals, families, and societies, affecting one in seven Indians. Deficient manpower and inadequate training at the graduate level are recognized as poor mental healthcare in India.

Objectives: The study aims to build the capacity of primary healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses and other peripheral health workers in Rajasthan, India.

Spindle cell carcinoma of the lung with myogenic differentiation in a young female patient: a rare case report.

Background: Spindle cell carcinoma is a sporadic sarcomatoid neoplasm in the lung and pleura, comprising only 0.3-1.3% of all malignant lung neoplasms.

Biomechanical Phenotyping Reveals Unique Mechanobiological Signatures of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer.

The incidence of sporadic early onset colorectal cancer (EO CRC, under 50 years of age) is rising rapidly, yet the causes behind such rise remain poorly understood. Epidemiological studies indicate that lifestyle and environmental exposures may result in chronic inflammation, which is known to trigger tissue fibrosis. We hypothesized that fibrotic remodeling and biomechanical stiffening of colorectal tissues represent hallmarks and drivers of EO CRC.

Effortless 3D radio maps generation for fingerprinting-based indoor positioning system.

The estimation of user or object location in an indoor environment is in high demand nowadays. Indoor Navigation Systems (INS) have utmost importance in large shopping malls, hospitals, universities, airports, etc. Many Indoor Positioning Systems (IPS) have been developed nowadays to enable several types of location-based services.

A Rare Case of Takayasu Arteritis Presenting With Syncope and Elevated Inflammatory Markers in an Elderly Male With Learning Disability.

Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is a rare large-vessel vasculitis predominantly affecting young females. We present a unique case of a 77-year-old male with learning disability, presenting with constitutional symptoms, syncope, and elevated inflammatory markers. Imaging revealed circumferential thickening of the aorta and arch vessels, consistent with TAK.

Direct Delivery of High-Concentration Therapeutics for Refractory Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

Purpose: This study evaluates a novel route of administration for the treatment of refractory chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).

Materials And Methods:  This prospective case series, conducted at a single institution, included 11 patients with refractory chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) who had not responded to maximal medical therapy (MMT). Each patient received an antibiotic/steroid solution administered via sinus puncture and lavage (SP&L) into the anterior ethmoid air cells under topical anesthesia.

Effect of Choline Proline Ionic Liquid Additives on Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline Water Electrolysis.

Conventional hydrogen generation mostly depends on steam methane reforming (SMR), thereby contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. Alkaline water electrolysis using KOH is a promising method for green hydrogen production, but faces significant technical challenges such as high energy consumption and lower hydrogen production. Despite extensive research on various electrolyte modifications, a significant gap exists in the application of biodegradable and biocompatible amino acid-based ionic liquids as electrolyte additives.

Feasibility and Clinical Utility of Low-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Critically Ill Children: An Experience from Pakistan.

Background: Low-field portable magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI) systems have been approved for clinical use, but their feasibility, efficacy, and most appropriate clinical application in children are unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of pMRI in detecting acute brain injury (ABI) in critically ill children compared to conventional MRI (cMRI) and or computed tomography (CT).

Methods: This prospective diagnostic accuracy study included children (1 month to < 18 years) admitted between May 2021 and June 2022 who underwent pMRI scans within a 24-h window of standard neuroimaging (CT or cMRI).

Comparison of early and late time-controlled adaptive ventilation on pulmonary gas exchange in anesthetized horses.

Objective: To compare early versus late time-controlled adaptive ventilation (TCAV) for setting airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) on arterial oxygenation in dorsally recumbent anesthetized horses.

Study Design: A crossover, nonrandomized, experimental study.

Animals: Six healthy adult horses.

Targeting ASK1 signaling in neurodegeneration: molecular insights and therapeutic promise.

Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), a redox-sensitive member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K) family, is a master regulator of neuronal apoptosis as well as neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disorders (NDs). Under oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress conditions, ASK1 sets off a series of pathways, ultimately leading to impairment of cellular functions and the cell's demise. The comprehensive review focuses on the diverse contributions of ASK1 to neurodegeneration driven by Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS).

Advances in Immunoassays for detection of pancreatitis biomarkers.

Pancreatitis is a predominant cause of gastrointestinal morbidity. However, the early and accurate detection of biomarkers, which is essential for guiding risk stratification and therapeutic decision-making, is constrained by the sensitivity and throughput limitations of conventional assays. This review critically examines advances in immunoassay technologies, including high-sensitivity lipase and amylase ELISAs, chemiluminescence and time-resolved fluorescence formats, label-free plasmonic sensors, digital single-molecule platforms, and multiplex bead-based and microarray systems, as applied to pancreatitis biomarker quantitation.

Prevalence of metabolic diseases in patients infected with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the prevalence and treatment outcome of metabolic disorders among Omani patients living with HIV.

Methods: Retrospective observational cross-sectional study of adult patients living with HIV and receiving antiretroviral therapy at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman between January 1, 2023 and December 31, 2024.

Results: A total of 214 patients living with HIV were included.

Facile Spin-Coated MoS Thin Films from a Single-Source Precursor for HER Activity.

Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is one of the most promising ways to replace the consumption of fossil fuels with a clean and green energy source. HER requires a suitable material as a catalyst to lower overpotential and minimize energy consumption. MoS is an excellent candidate for the HER because of its suitable band structure.

Targeted Protein Degradation in Lung Cancer: The Emerging Role of PROTAC Technology and E3 Ligases.

Lung cancer remains one of the most prevalent and lethal malignancies, with poor drug response and high mortality rates. Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are emerging as a novel therapeutic strategy, leveraging E3 ligases to degrade oncogenic proteins selectively via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. These degraders offer higher selectivity and bioavailability compared to traditional inhibitors.

Preoperative nutrition status in children with congenital heart disease and its impact on postoperative outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Despite the significant advancement in congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery over the years, the mortality and morbidity rate in children undergoing CHD surgery is substantial, especially in lower-middle-income countries. Evidence shows that malnutrition contributes to morbidity and mortality in these children, with a negative impact on their surgical outcomes. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the impact of preoperative nutritional status on postoperative outcomes among patients with CHD.

AZGP1: A proteomic biomarker in cancer.

Alpha-2-glycoprotein 1, zinc-binding (AZGP1), functions as a serum AZGP1 biomarker with applications in cancer detection, prognosis, and therapeutic monitoring. This review evaluates AZGP1's analytical performance and clinical utility in multiple malignancies based on immunoassay and mass spectrometry studies. ELISA and chemiluminescent immunoassays yield area-under-curve values of 0.

Zinc-solubilizing bacterial consortia: a promising approach for zinc biofortification of crops.

The term "zinc-solubilizing bacteria" (ZSB) refers to a specific group of soil bacteria that are associated with zinc-solubilizing activity in the soil through a variety of mechanisms. The functional use of ZSB has been proposed for the zinc (Zn) biofortification of crops to address Zn malnutrition. The application of zinc-solubilizing bacterial inoculants that harbor significant plant probiotic traits offers an eco-friendly approach to producing crops with improved Zn content in various edible parts of plants.

Impact of Advanced Age on In-Hospital Outcomes Following Leadless Pacemaker Implantation.

Introduction: Leadless pacemaker implantation (LPMI) is increasingly used in advanced age groups. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of LPMI between octogenarians (age 80-89) and nonagenarians (age ≥ 90) versus younger patients (age ≤ 79).

Methods: Data from the National Inpatient Sample between 2018 and 2021 were analyzed for patients over 18 years old who underwent LPMI.

Flavonoids as Antimicrobial Agents: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.

Flavonoids, plant-derived polyphenolic compounds, have garnered significant attention for their broad-spectrum antimicrobial potential, encompassing antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities. These bioactive molecules exert their effects through multiple mechanisms, including disruption of microbial cell membranes, inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis, suppression of biofilm formation, and interference with key bacterial enzymes. Notable flavonoids such as quercetin, apigenin, and kaempferol exhibit potent activity against bacterial pathogens like Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as fungal pathogens such as Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans.

Multi-band frequency selective metasurface based filter for WLAN and X-band EMI shielding applications.

In this paper, a double-sided planar frequency selective metasurface (FSMS) has been presented for airborne electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications. The proposed structure uniquely combines two narrow bands of WLAN (2.4 and 5.

Ultra-miniaturized capacitive loaded conformal frequency selective metasurface for S, C, and X band applications.

This paper presents a flexible and low-profile frequency selective metasurface (FSMS) resonating at 10 GHz. The proposed FSMS is a single-layer design with stable response under conformal applications. The inter-element capacitance has been enhanced by introducing lumped capacitors.

Enhanced extreme gradient boosting based algorithm for mobility management of autonomous vehicles from sub 6 GHz to mmWave networks.

This paper provides an accurate target cell's RSRP (received signal received power) prediction technique for cellular handovers, ensuring robust connectivity for autonomous vehicles (AVs). We propose an extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost)-based mechanism to predict channel state information (CSI) in advance prior to a cell handover request due to lower RSRP. Our test results indicate that for speeds ranging from 0 to 120 km/h, the proposed prediction technique improves the handover success rate (HSR) by up to 4%.

Effect of Statin Intensity on Cardiovascular Outcomes and Survival Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Background: High-intensity statins are recommended for patients with chronic coronary artery disease, with reports suggesting improved clinical outcomes. However, recent findings in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients question whether a treat-to-target low density lipoprotein (LDL) approach is non-inferior to high-intensity statin therapy.

Methods: This single-center observational study analyzed all CABG only (n = 1854) procedures performed between 2013 and 2015.

Chitosan-based hydrogels: Revolutionizing corneal wound healing with antibacterial and regenerative properties.

Corneal injuries and infections pose a serious threat to vision. However, conventional therapies topical antibiotics, synthetic grafts, and bandage contact lenses often fail to provide enduring antimicrobial defense and robust tissue regeneration. Researchers derive chitosan-based hydrogels from deacetylated chitin, combining intrinsic polycationic antimicrobial efficacy with tunable biodegradation and excellent biocompatibility, thereby addressing both challenges simultaneously.