Quantifying macular atrophy in neovascular AMD using en face structural OCT imaging.

Purpose: To assess the reliability of en face swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) imaging for quantifying macular atrophy in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and evaluate its limitations compared to green autofluorescence (GAF) imaging.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 30 patients with macular atrophy associated with neovascular AMD previously treated with anti-VEGF therapy. Multimodal imaging included GAF and en face SS-OCT.

The Macular Burden of Calcified Drusen and the Onset of Large Choroidal Hypertransmission Defects in Intermediate AMD.

Purpose: This study used en face swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) imaging to follow eyes with intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD) in the presence and absence of calcified drusen (CaD) to determine if the presence and size of CaD increased the risk of forming large choroidal hypertransmission defects (hyperTDs).

Design: Post hoc subgroup analysis of a prospective cohort study.

Methods: Eyes with iAMD were enrolled in a prospective SS-OCT study, and the onset of large hyperTDs was retrospectively analyzed.

Choriocapillaris in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography-Based Assessments and Challenges in Standardization.

Topic: This systematic review evaluates the methodologies used for assessing the choriocapillaris (CC) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). It focuses on identifying methodological heterogeneity in imaging and analysis protocols and its implications for clinical and research applications.

Clinical Relevance: AMD is a leading cause of vision loss, and assessing CC perfusion provides critical insights into its pathophysiology.

Updated Guidelines for Imaging the Choriocapillaris in Eyes with Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Purpose: To update the recommended guidelines when quantifying choriocapillaris (CC) flow deficits (FDs) in eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA).

Design: Evidence-based perspective.

Methods: Review of literature and experience of authors.

Intravitreal Injections of Cord Blood Platelet-Rich Plasma in Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Regenerative Therapy.

Purpose: Intravitreal injections (IVIs) of umbilical cord blood platelet-rich plasma (CB-PRP) were investigated to assess their safety and efficacy in slowing the progression of atrophy in eyes with late-stage dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design: Randomized, controlled, prospective study.

Subjects: Patients with AMD aged >65 years and diagnosed with bilateral geographic atrophy were enrolled.

Hyperreflective Foci Along the Retinal Pigment Epithelium Predict the Onset of Large Choroidal Hypertransmission Defects in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: In eyes with intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD), we separately quantified the hyperreflective foci (HRF) along the retinal pigment epithelium (rpeHRF) and the intraretinal HRF (iHRF) to determine if the location of the HRF predicted the progression from iAMD to the onset of large persistent choroidal hypertransmission defects (hyperTDs).

Design: Post hoc subgroup cohort analysis of a prospective study.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on a prospective natural history database of eyes with AMD imaged using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Capturing the transition from intermediate to neovascular AMD: Longitudinal changes in choroidal volume and choroidal vascularity index.

Background: To perform a three-dimensional assessment of the choroid, including choroidal volume and choroidal vascularity index (CVI), during the transition from intermediate to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and following anti-VEGF therapy.

Methods: A total of 42 participants (42 eyes) with intermediate AMD at baseline who developed neovascular AMD within 3 months were included in the analysis. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans at follow-up visits (after transition to neovascular AMD and 12 months after the initiation of anti-VEGF therapy) were compared with values at the latest visit with evidence of intermediate AMD to quantify longitudinal choroidal changes.

Long-term Impact of Carotid Endarterectomy on Choroidal and Choriocapillaris Perfusion: The INFLATE Study.

Purpose: When performed for clinically significant carotid artery stenosis (CAS), the long-term impact of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) on choroidal and choriocapillaris (CC) circulation was studied using swept-source OCT angiography.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Participants: Patients with clinically significant CAS undergoing unilateral CEA.

Macular Atrophy in Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Topic: Macular atrophy incidence in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients undergoing anti-VEGF treatment.

Clinical Relevance: Macular atrophy is a significant event that may occur in eyes with neovascular AMD treated with anti-VEGF therapy.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO, CRD42024474924).

Comparison between Spectral-domain and Swept-source OCT Angiography Scans for the Measurement of Hyperreflective Foci in Age-related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: Spectral-domain OCT angiography (SD-OCTA) scans were used in an algorithm developed for swept-source OCT angiography (SS-OCTA) scans to determine if SD-OCTA scans yielded similar results for the measurement of hyperreflective foci (HRF) in intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD).

Design: Retrospective study.

Participants: Forty eyes from 35 patients with iAMD.

Weight and Metabolic Changes With Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine or Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide.

Background: Modest weight and lipid changes have been observed in cabotegravir plus rilpivirine long-acting (CAB + RPV LA) phase 3/3b studies. The SOLAR study included standardized evaluations of weight and metabolic changes in people living with HIV switching to CAB + RPV LA dosed every 2 months (Q2M) vs. continuing bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF).

Topographical Quantification of Retinal Fluid in Type 3 MNV and Associations With Short-Term Visual Outcomes.

Purpose: This study aims to quantify the volume of intraretinal fluid (IRF), subretinal fluid (SRF), and subretinal pigment epithelium (sub-RPE) fluid in treatment-naïve Type 3 macular neovascularization (MNV) eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to investigate the correlation of these fluid volumes with visual acuity (VA) outcomes at baseline and following antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment.

Design: Retrospective, clinical cohort study.

Methods: In this study, we analyzed patients diagnosed with exudative AMD and treatment-naïve Type 3 MNV undergoing a loading dose of anti-VEGF therapy.

Thoracic Ultrasound as an Alternative to Chest X-ray in Thoracic Surgery Patients: A Single-Center Experience.

: Chest X-ray (CXR) is currently the most used investigation for clinical follow-up after major noncardiac thoracic surgery. This study explores the use of lung ultrasound (LUS) as an alternative to CXR in the postoperative management of patients who undergo major thoracic procedures. : The patients in our cohort were monitored with both a CXR and a lung ultrasonography after surgery and the day after chest drain removal.

The Total Macular Burden of Hyperreflective Foci and the Onset of Persistent Choroidal Hypertransmission Defects in Intermediate AMD.

Purpose: The association between the total macular burden of hyperreflective foci (HRF) in eyes with intermediate AMD (iAMD) and the onset of persistent choroidal hypertransmission defects (hyperTDs) was studied using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Design: Post hoc subgroup analysis of a prospective study.

Methods: A retrospective review of iAMD eyes from subjects enrolled in a prospective SS-OCT study was performed.

Calcified Drusen Prevent the Detection of Underlying Choriocapillaris Using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Purpose: In age-related macular degeneration (AMD), choriocapillaris flow deficits (CCFDs) under soft drusen can be measured using established compensation strategies. This study investigated whether CCFDs can be quantified under calcified drusen (CaD).

Methods: CCFDs were measured in normal eyes (n = 30) and AMD eyes with soft drusen (n = 30) or CaD (n = 30).

Structural OCT and OCT angiography biomarkers associated with the development and progression of geographic atrophy in AMD.

Background: Geographic atrophy (GA) is an advanced, irreversible, and progressive form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) have been largely used to characterize this stage of AMD and, more importantly, to define biomarkers associated with the development and progression of GA in AMD.

Methods: Articles pertaining to OCT and OCTA biomarkers related to the development and progression of GA with relevant key words were used to search in PubMed, Researchgate, and Google Scholar.

Rediscovering Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Swept-Source OCT Imaging: The 2022 Charles L. Schepens, MD, Lecture.

Purpose: Swept-source OCT angiography (SS-OCTA) scans of eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) were used to replace color, autofluorescence, infrared reflectance, and dye-based fundus angiographic imaging for the diagnosis and staging of AMD. Through the use of different algorithms with the SS-OCTA scans, both structural and angiographic information can be viewed and assessed using both cross sectional and en face imaging strategies.

Design: Presented at the 2022 Charles L.

Photoreceptor Integrity in MEWDS: Longitudinal Structure-Function Correlations.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate structure-function correlations in multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) using microperimetry (MP) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods: Single-center prospective observational study including 14 eyes from 13 patients with MEWDS monitored over a median of 49.5 days (interquartile range = 29-92 days).

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-angiography in syndromic versus non-syndromic -associated retinopathy.

Purpose: To compare non-syndromic and syndromic forms of -related retinitis pigmentosa (RP) by means of structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-angiography (OCTA).

Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study. All patients underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measurement, OCT (Spectralis HRA + OCT, Heidelberg Engineering) and OCTA (OCT DRI Topcon Triton, Topcon Corporation).

Distinct Pathways of Macular Atrophy in Type 3 Macular Neovascularization Associated With AMD.

Purpose: To explore the occurrence of macular atrophy (MA) in eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD)-associated Type 3 macular neovascularization (MNV) treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy. Importantly, we aimed at describing the existence of separate pathways leading to MA.

Methods: We analyzed 41 participants (41 eyes) with treatment-naïve Type 3 MNV who were followed up for a duration of 12 months after beginning the anti-VEGF therapy.

Multimodal Imaging of Vitreo-Retinal Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Review.

Purpose: Vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) is a rare lymphoma affecting the vitreous and the retina. Clinical diagnosis is challenging and often delayed and may lead to aggravated prognosis. This study aims to review multimodal imaging findings in VRL.