Structure analysis in an octocopter using piezoelectric sensors and machine learning.

This study presents a novel diagnostic methodology for assessing drive system damage and its propagation in an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) using piezoelectric sensors mounted on each arm of the drone. In contrast to existing studies that focus solely on fault localization, this work investigates the spatial propagation of structural responses to localized motor faults under varying operating conditions. By varying the PWM control signal duty cycle on one motor, different degrees of damage (from 20% to 80%) were simulated.

Emulation-Based Dataset EmuIoT-VT for NIDS in IoT Systems.

Due to the rapid expansion of Internet of Things devices and their associated network, security has become a critical concern, necessitating the development of reliable security mechanisms. Anomaly-based NIDS leveraging machine learning and deep learning have emerged as key solutions in detecting abnormal network traffic patterns. However, one challenge that affects the detection rate of machine learning or deep learning-based anomaly NIDS is the class data imbalance present in the existing dataset.

Enhancing Electron Transfer Efficiency in Microbial Fuel Cells Through Gold Nanoparticle Modification of .

This study investigates microbial fuel cell (MFC) performance through the modification of with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and polypyrrole (PPy). The yeast/AuNP-modified electrodes generated the highest median current of 2.57 nA, significantly outperforming the yeast/PPy-modified (0.

Magnetic Field-Driven Transport Properties of an Oxygen-Deficient Rectangular YBaCuO Superconducting Structure.

The transport properties of biased type II superconductors are strongly influenced by external magnetic fields, which play a crucial role in optimizing the stability and performance of low-noise superconducting electronic devices. A major challenge is the stochastic behavior of Abrikosov vortices, which emerge in the mixed state and lead to energy dissipation through their nucleation, motion, and annihilation. Uncontrolled vortex dynamics can introduce electronic noise in low-power systems and trigger thermal breakdown in high-power applications.

Application of Fractal Radiomics and Machine Learning for Differentiation of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Subtypes on PET/MR Images.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most prevalent type of lung cancer, includes subtypes such as adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which require distinct management approaches. Accurately differentiating NSCLC subtypes based on diagnostic imaging remains challenging. However, the extraction of radiomic features-such as first-order statistics (FOS), second-order statistics (SOS), and fractal dimension texture analysis (FDTA) features-from magnetic resonance (MR) images supports the development of quantitative NSCLC assessments.

The influence of hydraulic hose length on dynamic pressure waveforms including wave phenomena.

This paper investigates dynamic pressure waveforms in hydraulic hoses. Steel hoses of various lengths were tested, with the frequency of pressure waves varied for a fixed hose length, and pulsating flow was generated by a positive displacement pump. At certain hose lengths, outlet pressure pulsations were amplified while inlet pulsations were attenuated, demonstrating hydraulic resonance.

Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Nisin-Loaded Particles with Different Surface Charges.

Nisin is a well-known bacteriocin used for food preservation. Encapsulation technologies can help increase its stability and protect its interaction with food components. The surface charge of nisin-loaded particles usually depends on that of the carrier.

Menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cell extracellular vesicles - a potential tool for tissue regeneration and disease detection.

Menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MenSCs) have emerged as a novel source for regenerative medicine, offering a unique alternative to traditional stem cell types, including adipose-derived and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. MenSCs are characterized by their pluripotency, multi-lineage differentiation potential and immunomodulatory properties, which enable them to contribute to the regeneration of various tissues such as skin, uterus, muscle, connective tissues and nerves. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by MenSCs contain biologically active molecules, including proteins, lipids, and miRNAs, which play a key role in mediating these regenerative effects.

Exploring the mechanical and electrical properties of cancer cells for improved diagnosis and treatment.

Over the past decade, there has been growing interest in the mechanical and electrical properties of cancer cells and their potential for improved diagnosis and treatment. Cancer cells exhibit unique mechanical and electrical properties, including altered stiffness, adhesion, charge, and shape, which distinguish them from normal cells. Researchers are exploring ways to use these properties to develop new diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches that selectively target cancer cells while minimizing harm to healthy tissue.

Proteomic signature of menstrual blood mesenchymal stromal cells and their extracellular vesicles in women with unexplained infertility.

Research Question: Can the proteome of menstrual blood mesenchymal stromal cells (MenSC), their extracellular vesicles or extracellular-vesicle-depleted supernatant be employed for personalized identification of altered cellular processes in women with unexplained infertility (uIF), enabling their stratification into aetiopathogenetic endotypes?

Design: For MenSC isolation, menstrual blood was collected from 12 fertile healthy volunteers (control group) and eight patients with uIF. MenSC extracellular vesicles were isolated using iodixanol density gradient centrifugation, quantified by flow cytometry and characterized in accordance with the Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles (MISEV) guidelines by transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry and western blot analysis. Proteomic analysis was undertaken using mass spectrometry and bioinformatic tools.

Cytotoxic agents for electrochemotherapy: Efficacy, mechanisms of action, potential candidates.

Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a popular clinical anticancer treatment modality that combines chemotherapy with electroporation to enhance drug uptake by tumor cells. One of its key advantages is the ability to use significantly reduced drug concentrations, thereby, minimizing cytotoxic effects on healthy cells and thus, side-effects of the therapy when compared to conventional chemotherapy. The therapeutic efficacy of ECT depends upon two main components: pulsed electric field (PEF) parameters and physiochemical properties of anticancer agents, including their molecular structure, mechanism of action, and tumor specificity.

Piezoelectric Effect of k-Carrageenan as a Tool for Force Sensor.

Natural polymers, polysaccharides, demonstrate piezoelectric behavior suitable for force sensor manufacturing. Carrageenan hydrogel film with α-iron oxide particles can act as a piezoelectric polysaccharide-based force sensor. The mechanical impact on the hydrogel caused by a falling ball shows the impact response time, which is measured in milliseconds.

Effects of Graphene-Based Nanomaterials on Anaerobic Digestion of Thermally Hydrolyzed Municipal Sewage Sludge.

In this study, the effects of graphene-based nanomaterials-specifically graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets-on methane (CH) production during anaerobic digestion (AD) of thermally hydrolyzed sewage sludge were investigated. Anaerobic digestion was carried out over a 40-day period under mesophilic conditions in batch digesters with a volume of 2.65 L.

Unveiling Theranostics: Nanocomplex-Assisted Photodynamic Eradication of Aggressive Cancer Cells and Modulation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising tool that utilizes photosensitizers (PS) for two functions: cancer imaging by fluorescence (diagnostics), and treatment by the generation of reactive oxygen species (therapy). Despite its theranostic approach, the efficacy of PDT is often hampered by limited penetration of light into tissues, tumor heterogeneity, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Moreover, diagnostics and treatment are activated simultaneously, without the possibility of switching between two processes.

Enhanced aqueous phosphate removal using chitosan-modified zirconium-loaded cork biochar.

The adsorption of phosphate (PO-P) is essential for controlling and reducing eutrophication. This study reports the synthesis of a new adsorbent material: Zr(IV)-loaded chitosan-modified used cork stopper biochar composite (CS-CBC-Zr) beads. The suitability of CS-CBC-Zr beads for PO-P removal was assessed using the batch method.

Robust skeletal motion tracking using temporal and spatial synchronization of two video streams.

Accurate and reliable skeletal motion tracking is essential for rehabilitation monitoring, enabling objective assessment of patient progress and facilitating telerehabilitation applications. Traditional marker-based motion capture systems, while highly accurate, are costly and impractical for home rehabilitation, whereas marker-less methods often suffer from depth estimation errors and occlusions. Recent studies have explored various computer vision and deep learning approaches for human pose estimation, yet challenges remain in ensuring robust depth accuracy and tracking under occlusion conditions.

Scanning Electrochemical Impedance Microscopy-Based Assessment of Glucose Biosensors.

Scanning electrochemical impedance microscopy (SEIM) was assessed as an electrochemical method for developing glucose biosensors based on glucose oxidase (GOx). To determine the lowest detectable GOx activity, scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) in the feedback mode (FB-SECM) was applied. During the measurement procedure, an ultramicroelectrode (UME) was moved vertically over the surface modified by immobilized GOx.

Extended passaging of the SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell line leads to two phenotypically different strains.

Continuous passaging of cancer cell lines can drive phenotypic and genotypic divergence, potentially compromising the reliability of such models. In this study, we show that two late-passage strains (S1 and S2) of ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3, although authenticated via short tandem repeat (STR) profiling as identical, exhibit substantial differences in morphology, transcriptomic signatures, ability to form 3D cultures and chemotherapeutic responses. Notably, S1 formed compact 3D spheroids and exhibited enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway activity, whereas S2 displayed a more proliferative, MYC-driven phenotype with larger spheroid structures requiring higher seeding densities.

Enhancing essential oils: advanced extraction, sustainability, and nanotechnology for optimal use.

Our findings provide new insights into how integrating advanced extraction methods with nanotechnology enhances essential oil stability, bioavailability, and safety, offering significant potential for sustainable pharmaceutical, therapeutic, and environmental applications Essential oils (EOs), volatile secondary metabolites extracted from plant parts such as leaves, seeds, and roots, are gaining prominence due to their broad therapeutic potential-including antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Conventional extraction techniques like steam distillation and cold pressing typically yield 0.1-2.

Calcium Electrochemotherapy and Challenges in Combined Treatment with Dendritic Cell Vaccination.

Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a reliable and potent technique for managing primary tumors; however, significant efforts are being made to characterize and improve the systemic immune response, which is crucial for metastasis prevention. Current evidence suggests that the advancement of ECT will depend on its integration with complementary immunomodulatory methods. In this study, we examined the combined effects of calcium-based electrochemotherapy (CaECT, 1.

Wearable Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition: Performance and Interpretability of Dynamic Neural Networks.

Human Activity Recognition (HAR) using wearable sensor data is increasingly important in healthcare, rehabilitation, and smart monitoring. This study systematically compared three dynamic neural network architectures-Finite Impulse Response Neural Network (FIRNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)-to examine their suitability and specificity for HAR tasks. A controlled experimental setup was applied, training 16,500 models across different delay lengths and hidden neuron counts.

Role of Fcy Proteins and Their Homologs in the Catabolism of Modified Heterocyclic Pyrimidine Bases.

The synthesis of various heterocyclic base modifications of nucleic acids has been thoroughly investigated; however, much less is known about their catabolism. Also, little is known about the transport of such compounds across the microbial cell membranes. Using the single-gene deletion library, we performed genome-wide screening for genes affecting the growth of yeast in minimal media supplemented with -acetylcytosine as a source of uracil.

The influence of Gen-AI tools application for text data augmentation: case of Lithuanian educational context data classification.

Today, Gen-AI tools are used for various purposes, ranging from everyday tasks, such as summarizing texts, to high-level solutions tailored to a company's needs. Trustable and high-quality datasets are the most important component in building the models for all artificial intelligence-based solutions. In some specific areas, creating a large dataset manually can be challenging, so various techniques can be used to expand existing datasets.

Epigenetic Dysregulation in Cancer: Implications for Gene Expression and DNA Repair-Associated Pathways.

Epigenetic modifications are heritable, reversible alterations that causally reshape chromatin architecture and thereby influence DNA repair without changing nucleotide sequence. DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs profoundly influence DNA repair mechanisms and genomic stability. Aberrant epigenetic patterns in cancer compromise DNA damage recognition and repair, therefore impairing homologous recombination (HR), non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), and base excision repair (BER) by suppressing key repair genes and lowering access to repair sites.

Ergonomic Innovation: A Modular Smart Chair for Enhanced Workplace Health and Wellness.

The increasing prevalence of sedentary lifestyles poses significant global health challenges, including obesity, diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders, and cardiovascular issues. This paper presents the design and development of a universal smart chair system aimed at mitigating the adverse effects of prolonged sitting. The proposed solution integrates a pressure sensor, vibration motors, an LED strip, and Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) communication into a modular and adaptable design.