Protracted exposure to 134Cs and 137Cs gives substantial contribution to long-term thyroid absorbed dose after nuclear power plant accidents.

Thyroid dose estimations after nuclear power plant (NPP) accidents are traditionally based on internal uptake of radioiodine, mainly 131I, either by instrumental measurements of thyroid uptake or by ecological estimations based on geographical dispersion of the radioiodine cloud, demographics, and food habits. However, it has been shown that 134Cs and 137Cs in some cases can be the dominant contributors to the thyroid dose over long time following NPP accidents. Based on an ecological model using Swedish-specific parameters of the radioactive fallout from the Chernobyl accident in 1986, estimations of the protracted (30 years) thyroid absorbed dose were made for the population in northern Sweden (2.

Extensive cross-species transmission of pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes in mammals neglected by public health surveillance.

Non-traditional farmed and wild mammals are often neglected in pathogen surveillance. Through metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing of fecal and tissue samples from 973 asymptomatic mammals, we identified 128 viruses (30 novel), including a new coronavirus genus, 10,255 bacterial species (over 7,000 undescribed), 201 fungi, and 7 parasites. Farmed and wild mammals shared 13.

Prevalence and predictors of potentially inappropriate prescribing using codified STOPP-START and Beers criteria: a retrospective cohort study in Ontario's older population.

Objective: To quantify potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) and assess the association between patient characteristics and PIP using previously coded STOPP-START and Beers criteria in Ontario's older population.

Study Design And Setting: An established subset of the 2014 STOPP-START and 2015 Beers criteria applicable to health administrative data were used to identify instances of PIP in health administrative data. Associations between patient characteristics and PIP was examined using multivariable logistic regression.

High-sensitivity point-of-care measurement of cardiac troponin.

New technologies enabling access to high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays at the point of care (POC) are available for routine use. POC technology can accelerate cardiac troponin testing within the hospital setting and support testing in other healthcare environments. Pre-analytical and analytical issues unique to POC testing are discussed.

Empowerment and quality of life in gynecological cancer survivors: Outcomes from a multicenter quasi-experimental cohort study from Norway (the LETSGO trial).

Background: Increasing outpatient demands and unmet patient needs necessitate personalized follow-up care for cancer survivors. This study investigated whether a self-management-focused follow-up model improves empowerment and quality of life (QoL) in gynecological cancer survivors compared to standard follow-up.

Methods: Twelve Norwegian hospitals participated in this cohort study.

AgRP neuron activity enhances reward-related consummatory behaviors during energy deficit in mice.

Hunger enhances the consumption of rewarding foods, but the neurobiological basis of this adaptation remains unclear. We hypothesize that agouti-related protein (AgRP) neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARH) promote the consumption of rewarding stimuli under calorie restriction, independent of caloric content. To test this, we study mice fed 40% of their average daily intake and exposed daily to the non-caloric sweetener saccharin before feeding.

Liraglutide induces enhanced suppression of food intake in mice lacking the growth hormone secretagogue receptor.

The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) exert opposing effects on food intake. GLP-1R activation produces potent appetite-suppressing effects, whereas GHSR activation strongly stimulates food intake. Here, we tested the hypothesis that blocking GHSR could affect the anorectic and weight-reducing effects of liraglutide, a GLP-1R agonist widely used to treat diabetes and obesity.

Design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory potential of PROTAC drug molecules based on fondaparinux sodium.

Introduction: In this study, we used an approach by conjugating Fondaparinux Sodium (FS) with selected drugs to generate proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs).

Methods: By applying bioprocess engineering principles, the direct amidation reaction was optimized -through precise control of pH, substrate ratios, and solvent selection -to reliably produce high-purity (>99%) PROTAC molecules on a scalable platform. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis demonstrated that the synthesized PROTACs exhibit micromolar binding affinities (KD ≈ 10 M) toward inflammatory mediators RANTES (CCL5) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).

Sequencing of Enoxaparin Oligosaccharides through HILIC-Q-cIM-MS: A Strategy for Resolving Complex Glycans.

In comparison to the advances in genome and proteome biology, decoding the structures and functions of glycans remains a significant challenge, mainly due to the complexity and heterogeneity of biological glycans. In this study, we have established a HILIC-Q-cIM-MS platform to advance the in-depth structural characterization of saccharides. The approach is designed to separate molecules through liquid chromatography and ion mobility dimensions prior to MS analysis.

Dressed for the Weather: Tawny Owl Feather Adaptations Across a Climatic Gradient.

Populations are presumed to be adapted to local environmental conditions via natural selection, with gene flow breaking up local adaptations. In birds, various aspects of feathers may reflect local adaptation. For example, the insulation capacity of feathers could be greater in colder regions, while colour variation may also play a role in adapting to local environmental conditions since darker feathers are known to absorb more heat than lighter ones.

Associations between physical activity and CVD-related metabolomic and proteomic biomarkers.

Aim: Habitual physical activity (PA) affects metabolism and homeostasis in various tissues and organs. However, detailed knowledge of associations between PA and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk markers is limited. We sought to identify associations between accelerometer-assessed PA classes and 183 proteomic and 154 metabolomic CVD-related biomarkers.

Mini-ghrelins: Functional Characterization of N-terminal Peptides Derived From Ghrelin Proteolysis in Male Samples.

Some evidence suggests that ghrelin in plasma undergoes proteolytic processing, leading to the generation of shorter peptides containing the bioactive N-terminal end of this peptide hormone. However, the chemical nature and bioactivity of these shorter versions of ghrelin (termed mini-ghrelins) remain to be clearly defined. Mini-ghrelins generated in plasma were analyzed using mass spectrometry.

"I Will Experience This Trauma Over and Over Again": Sexual and Gender-Based Violence, Forced Migration and Structural Violence.

Forced migration has reached unprecedented levels as millions are forced to seek refuge from conflict, persecution, and violence. This exodus includes women enduring the traumas of displacement alongside sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV). Upon reaching supposed places of refuge, they encounter the structural violence of immigration and asylum regimes.

Brain-acting hepatokines: its impact on energy balance and metabolism.

The liver is recognized for its central role in energy metabolism, yet emerging evidence highlights its function as an endocrine organ, secreting a variety of proteins-hepatokines-that influence distant tissues. Hepatokines not only regulate metabolic processes by acting on peripheral tissues but also exert direct effects on brain function. In this mini-review, we discuss the existing literature on the role of "brain-acting" hepatokines including IGF-1, FGF21, LEAP2, GDF15, and ANGPTLs, and their impact on energy balance and metabolism.

Lifetime Fitness Variation Across the Geographical Range in a Colour Polymorphic Species.

The maintenance of variation (i.e., different phenotypes) for heritable traits that are under selection, despite expectations of selection eroding variation and favouring only the fittest phenotype, represents an evolutionary paradox.

Observation of tt[over ¯] Production in Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

Top-quark pair production is observed in lead-lead (Pb+Pb) collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV at the Large Hadron Collider with the ATLAS detector. The data sample was recorded in 2015 and 2018, amounting to an integrated luminosity of 1.

Molecular mapping and functional validation of GLP-1R cholesterol binding sites in pancreatic beta cells.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are integral membrane proteins which closely interact with their plasma membrane lipid microenvironment. Cholesterol is a lipid enriched at the plasma membrane with pivotal roles in the control of membrane fluidity and maintenance of membrane microarchitecture, directly impacting on GPCR stability, dynamics, and function. Cholesterol extraction from pancreatic beta cells has previously been shown to disrupt the internalisation, clustering, and cAMP responses of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), a class B1 GPCR with key roles in the control of blood glucose levels via the potentiation of insulin secretion in beta cells and weight reduction via the modulation of brain appetite control centres.

Increasing the adoption of home dialysis through improved advanced kidney care patient education: a call for action.

Background: Home dialysis modalities have several advantages yet remain underused in Europe. A minority of people with kidney failure opt for home dialysis, although many more could be suitable. To improve home dialysis uptake, advanced kidney care patient education is essential.

Using AI to Predict Patients' Length of Stay: PACU Staff's Needs and Expectations for Developing and Implementing an AI System.

The need for innovative technology in healthcare is apparent due to challenges posed by the lack of resources. This study investigates the adoption of AI-based systems, specifically within the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). The aim of the study was to explore staff needs and expectations concerning the development and implementation of a digital patient flow system based on ML predictions.

Search for Dark Matter Produced in Association with a Dark Higgs Boson in the bb[over ¯] Final State Using pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

A search is performed for dark matter particles produced in association with a resonantly produced pair of b-quarks with 30 View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A Novel Series of Synthetic Heparin-Mimetics-Itaconic Acid-Containing Copolymers for Targeting Tumor Cell Coagulability and Metastasis.

Thromboses are potentially fatal complication in malignant tumor diseases. Today, oral anticoagulants are considered equivalent alternatives to low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in guideline-based treatments of cancer-associated thromboses. Nevertheless, debates on potential antitumorigenic heparin activities beyond anticoagulation are still highly relevant.

Novel Versus Conventional Sequencing of β-Blockers, Sodium/Glucose Cotransportor 2 Inhibitors, Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitors, and Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in Stable Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction (NovCon Sequencing Study): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Chronic heart failure has high morbidity and mortality, with approximately half of the patients dying within 5 years of diagnosis. Recent additions to the armamentarium of anti-heart failure therapies include angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) and sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is). Both classes have demonstrated mortality and morbidity benefits.

GPCR drug discovery: new agents, targets and indications.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) form one of the largest drug target families, reflecting their involvement in numerous pathophysiological processes. In this Review, we analyse drug discovery trends for the GPCR superfamily, covering compounds, targets and indications that have reached regulatory approval or that are being investigated in clinical trials. We find that there are 516 approved drugs targeting GPCRs, making up 36% of all approved drugs.

Search for Magnetic Monopole Pair Production in Ultraperipheral Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.36 TeV with the ATLAS Detector at the LHC.

This Letter presents a search for highly ionizing magnetic monopoles in 262  μb^{-1} of ultraperipheral Pb+Pb collision data at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.36  TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. A new methodology that exploits the properties of clusters of hits reconstructed in the innermost silicon detector layers is introduced to study highly ionizing particles in heavy-ion data.