Competing coalitions in alcohol policymaking in Malawi: a retrospective case study analysis of the alcohol sachet ban.

Background: Harmful alcohol consumption has significant public health implications across Africa and disproportionately affects vulnerable populations. In Malawi, the emergence of alcohol sachets - small, affordable plastic packets containing high-strength spirits - and their consumption, has raised substantial public health concerns. In particular, the resulting access and consumption amongst young people, led to a ban on those products by the Malawi Government in 2017.

Healthcare use and costs of perinatal anxiety: a UK NHS perspective.

Background: Perinatal anxiety is a significant public health issue with potential adverse outcomes for both mothers and their babies. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the costs associated with health service use for women with and without perinatal anxiety in the UK National Health Service (NHS) at six and twelve months postpartum. This research is part of the MAP Alliance Study-a large programme of research on perinatal anxiety.

Nutritional analysis of commercially available, complete plant- and meat-based dry dog foods in the UK.

Background: Adoption of a plant-based diet is a popular lifestyle choice for many owners of canine companion animals. Increasingly, owners would like to feed their canine companions a similar diet. A plant-based dietary pattern has been reported to be associated with some micronutrient deficiencies.

An overlooked hotspot: persistence of large polyspecific assemblages of threatened primates in the unprotected Yabassi Key Biodiversity Area.

The Gulf of Guinea rainforests, renowned for exceptional primate endemism, are increasingly fragmented and face severe hunting-induced defaunation. However, the long-term persistence of primate assemblages in these hunted forests remains understudied. The unprotected Ebo-Ndokbou-Makombe landscape, designated the Yabassi Key Biodiversity Area (YKBA), represents one of the region's largest remaining forest tracts, yet its primate community is largely unexplored.

Cultural Context and Mental Health: A Kenyan Elite Athlete's Perspective.

The causes of mental ill health in elite athletes are complex, influenced by socioeconomic and cultural factors. These factors are important in shaping discussions surrounding the mental health of athletes and the design of subsequent interventions to support them. However, such consideration is rare, particularly when considering the mental health of athletes in low- and middle-income countries.

Predicting current habitat suitability for intermediate snail hosts of urogenital and intestinal schistosomiasis in the Lower Shire Valley floodplain of southern Malawi.

Background: Relating the geographical distribution of intermediate freshwater snail hosts (viz. vectors of schistosomes) to local environmental attributes offers value for understanding the epidemiological landscape of schistosomiasis transmission in a changing aquatic environment. Schistosomiasis-both urogenital and intestinal-causes significant human suffering, affecting approximately 240 million people globally and grouped within the neglected tropical disease (NTD) umbrella.

Global thermal tolerance compilation for freshwater invertebrates and fish.

Scientists have investigated the thermal tolerance of organisms for centuries, yet the field has not lost relevance as the environmental threats of thermal pollution and global change sharpen the need to understand the thermal vulnerability of organisms in landscapes increasingly subjected to multiple stressors. Freshwater fish and invertebrates are greatly underrepresented in recent large-scale compilations of thermal tolerance, despite the importance of freshwaters as a crucial resource and as havens for biodiversity. Therefore we compiled ThermoFresh, a thermal tolerance database for these organisms that includes literature from 1900 until the present, sourced from five languages to counteract geographic bias.

Effectiveness of Feed-Based Monovalent Vaccine in Farmed Carp.

() is responsible for causing abdominal dropsy, swimming abnormalities, skin ulcerations, and pale gills in fish. Vaccination is an essential strategy for disease prevention in aquaculture. This study evaluated the efficacy of an oral vaccine against in ().

Household stress moderates the association between caregiver metacognition and infant sustained attention.

Previous work has shown that caregiver executive functions (EFs) are robustly linked to EFs in children. However, existing evidence has used mixed methods approaches combining questionnaires and experimental tasks in older children. The current study used contextually similar questionnaires to examine whether caregiver EFs were linked to infant EFs, and whether household stress and socioeconomic status moderated these associations.

Coach-athlete interaction in Muay Thai: A microethnographic analysis of skill learning in a real-world combat sport.

Coach-athlete interaction is a central component of skill learning in sports. When done well, interventions by a coach can shape an athlete's perceptual, motivational, and physical capacities and dramatically improve performance. Such interaction is not well modelled by thinking of a coach as transferring rules and directives to the individual athlete.

Use of nicotine replacement therapy to create a smoke-free home: study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial of a smoke-free home intervention in Scotland.

Introduction: The harmful health effects of children's exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) are well established. Most SHS exposure now occurs in the home, in low-income households. Previous research suggests that using nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in the home can help with temporary smoking abstinence and could reduce smoking indoors.

Precision farming in aquaculture: assessing gill health in Atlantic salmon () using a non-invasive, AI-driven behavioural monitoring approach in commercial farms.

Unlabelled: As the aquaculture industry grows, more sophisticated technology is required to monitor farms and ensure good fish welfare, in line with the precision livestock farming concept. Using behaviour as a non-invasive monitoring tool, combined with artificial intelligence, enables greater control over farm management. This study aimed to assess temporal changes in farmed Atlantic salmon () group behavioural profiles related to fish health and welfare.

The effectiveness of co-created lifestyle interventions in improving health behaviour, physical and mental health in adults with non-communicable diseases: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Objectives: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of co-created lifestyle interventions in modifying health behaviour, and mental/physical health outcomes in individuals with non-communicable diseases (NCDs).

Study Design: A systematic review of Randomized Control Trials (RCTs).

Methods: A systematic search of nine databases from inception until March 2023 was performed, plus weekly email alerts of new literature until March 2025.

Meeting the needs of women in the perinatal period, who use or are in treatment for using drugs: A mixed-methods systematic review.

Background: Women who use and/or are in treatment for using drugs during the perinatal period have complex health and social care needs. Substance use in the perinatal period is multifaceted, with many confounding factors that may impact the long-term health and well-being of both mothers and children. Evidence is needed to identify which psychosocial interventions are effective for women who use and/or are in treatment for drug use during the perinatal period.

40 Hz Steady-State Visually Evoked Potentials Recovered During Oscillating Transcranial Electrical Stimulation.

Background Combining Transcranial Electrical Stimulation and Visual Stimulation at the gamma frequency of 40 Hz holds scientific and clinical potential, but requires concurrent electrophysiological measurement to quantify neuronal effects. This poses substantial methodological challenges: electrical stimulation artefacts largely overshadow EEG signals; gamma signals' amplitude is particularly low; and oculo-muscular confounds overlap in frequency. With appropriate artefact removal, we aimed to record 40 Hz Steady-State Visually Evoked Potentials (SSVEPs) with EEG during frequency-matched electrical stimulation and explore possible interactions.

Children's Future-Oriented Cognition and Family Characteristics: How Similar are Children's and Parents' Future-Oriented Cognition?

Future-oriented cognition involves several domains that are critical to daily functioning, such as planning, prospective memory, episodic foresight, saving, and delay of gratification. The current study investigated the role of family characteristics in the development of future-oriented cognition, specifically whether parents' future-oriented cognition (i.e.

Low temperature-driven physiological responses in ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta): Stress, inflammation, and liver health.

This study investigated the impact of winter conditions on the physiology of ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta), a widely used biological control agent in salmon farming. Fish were subjected to temperatures encompassing winter and summer conditions for short-term (8 days at 6, 10, or 14 °C) or long-term (2.5 months at 7 or 15 °C) period.

Four Year Clinical and Cost Effectiveness of Vaginal Pessary Self-Management Versus Clinic-Based Care for Pelvic Organ Prolapse (TOPSY): Long Term Follow-Up of a Randomised Controlled Superiority Trial.

Objective: To compare long-term clinical and cost-effectiveness of pessary self-management (SM) with clinic-based care (CBC) for pelvic floor-specific quality of life (QoL).

Design: Four-year questionnaire follow-up of trial participants.

Setting: UK pessary clinics.

Genetic origins and climate-induced erosion in economically important Asian walnuts.

The global climate is undergoing unprecedented changes, posing significant threats to species persistence. However, the spatiotemporal impacts on genetic diversity remain poorly understood, hindering species conservation and management. Walnuts, generally referred to as Juglans regia and J.

Children, Disasters, and Place Attachment: A Contemporary Framework for Understanding Crisis in Context.

Purpose Of Review: This article critically examines the disaster literature from the past three years (2022-2025) to evaluate the relationship between place attachment and children's experience of disaster response and recovery.

Recent Findings: Place attachment offers a systematic lens through which we comprehensively map our understanding of the factors that shape, and are shaped by, lived experience of disaster amongst children. We outline why specific consideration of children's health and wellbeing is significant through this lens, and further consider place attachment in relation to factors identified across relevant bodies of literature.

Factors determining diversity of saproxylic arthropods in the fruiting bodies of the birch polypore fungus (Fomitopsis betulina).

Objective: Certain basidiomycete fungi produce semi-stable fruiting bodies, known as brackets, that support a significant quality of saproxylic invertebrate biodiversity, especially in northern forests. The objective of this investigation was to assess the drivers of saproxylic diversity within the fruiting bodies of Fomitopsis betulina. We explore which factors are significant determinants of arthropod diversity and abundance, examining the effects of sporocarp size, height above the ground, and relative isolation from neighbouring sporocarps.

Identifying trends in reporting on the ethical treatment of insects in research.

Transparent reporting on the ethical treatment of research animals (e.g., implementation of the 3Rs, replace, reduce, and refine) is recommended when publishing in peer-reviewed literature.

Exposure, access, susceptibility to and use of nicotine and tobacco products among 10-16 year-olds: National cross-sectional survey of 14,232 in-school and out-of-school children in Pakistan.

Introduction: Tobacco and newer nicotine products pose significant risks to children. Data is needed on tobacco and nicotine use among children in Pakistan, given the evolving market and lack of regular surveillance.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 10-16-year-olds in Pakistan.

Age-related gait adaptations: analysis of temporal gait parameters and variability, and muscle activation across flat vs. uneven surfaces in young, middle-aged, and older adults.

Introduction: Walking is a common physical activity among older adults, but it becomes more complex with age due to increased demands on motor control and attention, particularly when walking surface is uneven. Age-related changes in walking gait, especially after 70, can lead to restricted mobility and higher mortality risk. This study investigated age-related differences in gait parameters and muscle activation across young (18-39 years), middle-aged (40-59 years), and older adults (60+ years) on flat and uneven surfaces.

Young Men's Communication Needs for the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine: A Cross-Cultural, Qualitative Analysis in Scotland, Spain, and the USA.

Background: Globally, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake rates have declined within a wider context of vaccine hesitancy. Gender-neutral vaccine programmes are increasing and recommended for the prevention of cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancers affecting both women and men. To address the problem of suboptimal HPV uptake rates for boys and men, we aimed to understand young men's communication needs for HPV messages in a cross-cultural analysis.