Attitudes and perceptions of biomedical journal editors in chief towards the use of artificial intelligence chatbots in the scholarly publishing process: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Artificial intelligence chatbots (AICs) are designed to mimic human conversations through text or speech, offering both opportunities and challenges in scholarly publishing. While journal policies of AICs are becoming more defined, there is still a limited understanding of how Editors in chief (EiCs) of biomedical journals' view these tools. This survey examined EiCs' attitudes and perceptions, highlighting positive aspects, such as language and grammar support, and concerns regarding setup time, training requirements, and ethical considerations towards the use of AICs in the scholarly publishing process.

Maintenance of core temperature in SCUBA divers in cold water: contributions of anthropometrics, suit type, and sex.

Maintenance of core temperature (Tc) is vital for health and physiological function while SCUBA diving in cold water, but there is little research investigating the influence of anthropometrics, suit type, and sex on the rate of change in Tc during real-world diving conditions. We measured the rate of change in Tc (telemetric pill) and thermal sensation (Ts; Young questionnaire) in 62 participants (32 female) before and after non-decompression SCUBA dives using open circuit apparatus breathing air at varied depths and durations in cold water (~ 10 °C). Twenty-three participants wore drysuits (11F), and 39 participants wore wetsuits (21F).

Addressing surgical challenges in patients with severe form of osteogenesis imperfecta and with prolonged bisphosphonate treatment: intramedullary sclerosis and technical solutions.

Purpose: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is commonly managed with bisphosphonates (BPs) which are associated with significant side effects. This study aimed to investigate intramedullary sclerosis as a potential side effect of prolonged BP use in paediatric patients.

Methods: Thirteen children with OI underwent surgery at our hospital.

Metabolic Deficiencies in the Vitreous of Diabetic Retinopathy: Exploring the Potential of Dietary Supplementation to Address Key Metabolite Imbalances.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the metabolic alterations in the vitreous humor of patients with diabetes across different stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and explore potential dietary interventions to mitigate these changes.

Patients And Methods: Vitreous samples were collected from 23 patients undergoing vitrectomy and grouped into controls, diabetic without DR, non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and proliferative DR (PDR). Metabolomic analysis was performed using mass spectrometry, focusing on identifying significantly altered metabolites.

A model for de novo pigmentation of amelanotic retinal pigment epithelial cells.

Purpose: Retinal Pigment Epithelial (RPE) cells perform critical functions in the visual cycle. Their melanin pigmentation, which is organized into specialized compartments - melanosomes, is highly critical for proper vision. A chemical method to induce pigmentation in a non-pigmented model of ARPE-19 cells was applied using L-DOPA as a repurposed drug from the current treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Essential Elements (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn) in Meconium, and Newborn Length and Weight, in Relation to Maternal Lifestyle and Diet.

Fetal exposure to essential metals, such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn), is influenced by maternal nutrition and lifestyle during pregnancy, potentially impacting newborn health. This study aimed to quantify concentrations of these metals in meconium and evaluate their associations, together with newborn length and weight, in relation to maternal dietary and lifestyle factors. This cross-sectional study included 152 mother-infant pairs recruited from various regions of Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia.

Assessment of Sarcopenia in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis-A Literature Review.

Sarcopenia refers to a disorder involving the gradual and overall reduction in skeletal muscle mass and physical capability. It occurs in over one-third of individuals with liver cirrhosis and serves as an independent predictor of increased mortality risk. Assessment of sarcopenia is necessary in all patients with liver cirrhosis, as recommended by the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) and the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN).

Salivary C-Reactive Protein: A Non-Invasive Alternative to Serum CRP in Pediatric Acute Appendicitis.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic potential of salivary C-reactive protein (CRP) as a non-invasive biomarker for acute appendicitis in children and to compare its levels with those found in blood.

Methods: Salivary and serum CRP levels were measured in patients with histologically confirmed acute appendicitis ( = 46) and a control group with non-specific abdominal pain ( = 43). Diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver-operating characteristic analysis, while the agreement between salivary and serum CRP levels was evaluated using Spearman's correlation and the Bland-Altman method.

Investigations of the Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Membranes with Various Degrees of Sulfonation by Considering Durability for the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) Applications.

The optimum degree of sulfonation (DS) for sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) membranes is determined by comprehensive characterization results, including proton conductivity, swelling ratio, water uptake, chemical stability, thermal stability, mechanical indicators, and proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) performance. The PEMFC with a membrane electrode assembly containing a SPEEK-62 (DS = 62%) membrane realizes the power density of 482.08 mW/cm, surpassing that of commercial Nafion-212 under identical conditions.

Psychoneurobiological Aspects of Burning Mouth Syndrome and Oral Lichen Planus: A Narrative Review.

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) and oral lichen planus (OLP) are two chronic oral diseases/disorders that continue to pose a challenge for conventional diagnosis and treatment. Both diseases do not occur in isolation but rather appear to reflect a broader interplay of psychological, neurological, endocrine, and immunological factors, i.e.

Experimental Evidence of Caffeic Acid's Neuroprotective Activity in Alzheimer's Disease: In Vitro, In Vivo, and Delivery-Based Insights.

: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder marked by cholinergic deficits, oxidative stress, amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation, and tau hyperphosphorylation. Caffeic acid (CA), a naturally occurring hydroxycinnamic acid, has emerged as a promising neuroprotective candidate due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and enzyme-inhibitory properties. This review systematically evaluates recent in vitro and in vivo evidence regarding the therapeutic potential of CA in AD models and examines the impact of delivery systems and derivatives on its efficacy and bioavailability.

Scaling Approach to Doniach Phase Diagram: Application to CeRuGe and EuCu(GeSi).

We calculate the Doniach phase diagram of heavy-fermion systems containing Ce and Eu ions, using the scaling solution of the periodic Anderson model, and compare the results with the experimental data on CeRuGe and EuCu(GeSi). The temperature-pressure (T-p) phase diagram emerges from the competition between the pressure-dependent Kondo interaction and the temperature- and pressure-dependent RKKY interaction. Both are derived using scaling equations in the presence of crystal-field effects: Kondo temperature TK is related to the coupling constant g(p), where p is the control parameter, and the temperature-dependent renormalized coupling g(T,TK(g)).

Effects of Different Types of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on Physical Performance in Female Basketball Players-A Systematic Review.

The aim of this systematic review was to examine the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on physical performance and body composition in female basketball players. The review followed PRISMA guidelines, and the protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (registration number: CRD420251006285). A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.

Interventions to Improve Compliance to Surgical Safety Checklist Use: Before-and-After Study at a Tertiary Public Hospital in Croatia.

The World Health Organization's Surgical Safety Checklist (WHO SSC) is known to reduce surgical complications and mortality, yet its implementation remains inconsistent across institutions. This study evaluated compliance with a modified SSC and assessed the impact of structured interventions to improve adherence at the University Hospital of Split, Croatia. A before-and-after study analyzed a sample of 1437 completed SSCs over four time points between April 2024 and May 2025: the baseline and after three successive interventions (an official letter from the hospital director emphasizing mandatory SSC use, individual meetings with department heads and head nurses reinforcing its importance, and a quality audit review of SSC completeness with leadership).

Effects of Nicotine-Free E-Cigarettes on Gastrointestinal System: A Systematic Review.

Nicotine-free electronic cigarettes (NFECs) are becoming increasingly popular, especially among youth and non-smokers, yet their effects on the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) remain poorly understood. This systematic review synthesizes available in vitro, in vivo, and limited human evidence on NFEC-associated changes in gastrointestinal health and function. Literature searches were conducted in Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus in July 2025, following PRISMA guidelines.

Therapeutic Opportunities in Melanoma Through PRAME Expression.

Melanoma is one of the most aggressive types of skin cancer. Its diagnosis appears to be challenging due to morphological similarities to benign melanocytic lesions. Even though histopathological evaluation is the diagnostic gold standard, immunohistochemistry (IHC) proves to be useful in challenging cases.

Adjuvant Immunotherapy in Stage IIB/IIC Melanoma: Current Evidence and Future Directions.

: Patients with resected stage IIB and IIC melanoma are at high risk of recurrence and distant metastasis, despite surgical treatment. The recent emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has led to their evaluation in the adjuvant setting for early-stage disease. This review aims to synthesize current evidence regarding adjuvant immunotherapy for stage IIB/IIC melanoma, explore emerging strategies, and highlight key challenges and future directions.

Pathophysiological Links Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: The Role of Dysbiosis and Emerging Biomarkers.

This review introduces a novel integrative framework linking gut dysbiosis, systemic inflammation, and cardiovascular risk in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We highlight emerging biomarkers, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), calprotectin, and zonulin, that reflect alterations in the gut microbiome and increased intestinal permeability, which contribute to cardiovascular pathology. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and recent evidence identifies IBD, encompassing ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), as a significant non-traditional risk factor for CVD.

A Comprehensive Review of Antibiotic Resistance in the Oral Microbiota: Mechanisms, Drivers, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.

Recent advances in microbiome research have highlighted the oral cavity as a complex and dynamic ecosystem, home to over 700 microbial species that play critical roles in both oral and systemic health. The oral microbiota not only maintains local tissue homeostasis but also serves as a reservoir for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, contributing to the global spread of resistance. Frequent and sometimes inappropriate antibiotic use in dental practice, along with exposure to antiseptics and biocides, drives the emergence and horizontal transfer of resistance determinants within oral biofilms.

Chronic Hyperplastic Candidiasis-An Adverse Event of Secukinumab in the Oral Cavity: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Secukinumab (SEC) is a recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody that is selective for interleukin-17A (IL-17A). SEC may increase the risk of developing infections such as oral herpes and oral candidiasis. The aim of this case report and literature review was to describe chronic hyperplastic candidiasis (CHC) in a patient with psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) treated with SEC.

Dental, Oral and General Health of Geriatric In-Hospital Patients Before Immediate Prosthetic Treatment: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

: The relationship between oral health and general health of geriatric in-hospital patients (GIH) who are poly-morbid and edentulous is currently unclear. This study determined the relationship between oral health and general health, and further implications and recommendations were derived. : This retrospective cohort study included 81 GIH patients with impairment of oral state and masticatory function and need for immediate prosthetic treatment.

Search for a Neutral Gauge Boson with Nonuniversal Fermion Couplings in Vector Boson Fusion Processes in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

The first search for a heavy neutral spin-1 gauge boson (Z^{'}) with nonuniversal fermion couplings produced via vector boson fusion processes and decaying to tau leptons or W bosons is presented. The analysis is performed using LHC data at sqrt[s]=13  TeV, collected from 2016 to 2018 with the CMS experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1}. The data are consistent with the standard model predictions.

Scale-Invariant Dissipation Underlies Enzyme Catalytic Performance.

The role of energy dissipation in the evolution of living systems remains a subject of ongoing debate. Here, we quantify the dissipation associated with enzyme catalysis using minimalistic models of enzyme kinetics and a complete set of microscopic rate constants. We identify a power-law proportionality between total dissipated energy and key kinetic parameters- specifically, the catalytic constant and the specificity constant.

Oral-Systemic Health Awareness Among Physicians and Dentists in Croatian Primary Healthcare: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and self-confidence of physicians and dentists in Croatia regarding the relationship between oral and systemic health, focusing on periodontal disease and oral manifestations of systemic diseases.

Methods: A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted among physicians and dentists in Croatian primary healthcare. The questionnaire addressed six thematic domains, including demographic information, knowledge, self-assessment, and clinical practice.