Parasites of poultry in Nigeria from 1980 to 2022: a review.

Poultry production is crucial for food and nutrition security level through the provision of eggs and meat and it also generates income. However, parasitic diseases are among the major constraints to the poultry industry across the world as they can affect the health, welfare, and production performance. These parasitic diseases can be broadly classified as endo-, ecto- and haemoparasites and they occur as single infection or in combination and affect productivity of poultry in Nigeria.

Prognostic significance of hyponatremia in peripartum cardiomyopathy.

Background: Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte imbalance, however the prognostic significance of hyponatremia in peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) remains unclear.

Aim: To assess the prognostic significance of hyponatremia in PPCM patients.

Methods: We consecutively recruited patients with PPCM from 14 sites in Nigeria and followed them up for a median of 18 months.

Prevalence of African Horse Sickness Virus Antibodies in Horses and Selected Wildlife in Four Geographical Regions of Nigeria.

African horse sickness (AHS) is a severe, infectious arthropod-borne disease of equids caused by the AHS virus (AHSV). It is endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa, and several sporadic outbreaks of the disease have been reported in Nigeria in the past 5 decades. Following a recent outbreak of the disease in Lagos State, this study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of (AHSV) antibodies in apparently healthy horses and some selected wildlife sampled in four geographical regions of Nigeria.

Cybersecurity awareness among radiography teachers in Africa and its potential impact in the digital age of medicine.

Objectives: To survey the current state of cybersecurity awareness among radiography teachers in Africa, identify existing challenges, and propose targeted interventions to enhance cybersecurity education, practices, and resilience within the radiography education sector.

Methodology: This quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted among radiography educators attending the Radiography Educators Conference of the International Society of Radiographers and Radiologic Technologists in Abuja, Nigeria. A purposive sampling technique was used to recruit 53 participants who completed a 30-item self-administered questionnaire distributed via Google Forms.

Evaluating community engagement strategies in COVID-19: insights from a National Quasi-Experimental Intervention.

Background: Community engagement is essential during crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the effectiveness of community engagement during this pandemic, especially in low- and middle-income countries, has not been seriously investigated.

Objective: The effectiveness of a comprehensive intervention program in managing COVID-19 in Iran emphasizes community involvement and multifaceted strategies.

The use of systemic immune inflammatory index as a predictor for nematodes infections in horses.

Background: Nematode infections are a significant health concern in horses, causing a range of clinical signs and economic losses. Early detection and diagnosis are crucial for effective treatment and management.

Objectives: Examining the application of the systemic immune Inflammatory index (SII) as a predictor for nematode infections in horses, using platelets count, leucocytes count, and neutrophils count.

Impact of SMS-delivered education on routine childhood immunisation coverage and timeliness in Borno state, Nigeria.

Despite Government efforts, immunisation in Nigeria is still below the 90 % global benchmark target. This study was designed to determine the effect of SMS-delivered health education and the influence of gender on infants' immunisation coverage and timeliness in Borno State, Nigeria. The study was a two-arm quasi-experimental design involving 524 respondents.

Tobacco Control Interventions in Nigeria from 2012 to 2022: A Blueprint to Reduce Smoking Prevalence: A Systematic Review.

Background: The results of the risk factors associated with tobacco use is a public health concern that slows global progress in the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goal 3 to ensure healthy lives. This is more pronounced in low-income countries like Nigeria where tobacco use remains prevalent leading to various types of non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to review systematically relevant literature to unravel the effects of interventions and policies geared towards tobacco control within Nigeria.

Gender disparities in the adoption of improved management practices for soybean cultivation in North East Nigeria.

This study examined gender disparities in the adoption and intensity of improved soybean management practices among 800 farming households in Borno State, Nigeria, with equal representation of male-led and female-led households. The findings reveal that while both male and female farmers adopt improved soybean varieties, fertilizer, and herbicides, the intensity of adoption varies due to differences in socioeconomic constraints. Male farmers demonstrated slightly higher adoption rates across all practices, particularly for herbicide use.

Advancements in anaerobic digestion of organic waste for sustainable biogas production.

The increasing global energy demand, driven by urbanization and population growth, has intensified waste generation and dependence on fossil fuels, exacerbating climate change. This study investigates the performance of anaerobic digestion (AD) in converting organic waste into biogas and nutrient-rich digestate, with a focus on key operational parameters: pH, temperature, organic loading rate (OLR), particle size (PS), carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N), hydraulic retention time (HRT), moisture content (MC), and the stages of microbial conversion. Laboratory-scale experiments demonstrated that maintaining a pH range of 6.

Relation Between Farm Biosecurity Measures and Poultry Production Performances: A Scoping Review.

Background: The poultry sector represents an essential component of agriculture worldwide. Its meat is one of the most consumed meat products, providing consumers with high-quality, nutritious and affordable protein. However, intensification of poultry production to meet the growing demand has led to the persistence of infectious diseases, which remains a serious constraint with negative impacts.

Neuroimaging Findings and Their Prognostic Value in Acute Ischaemic Stroke Patients at University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH), Borno State, Nigeria.

Background: Accurate prediction of stroke outcomes in resource-limited settings remains challenging. This study assessed the utility of neuroimaging findings in predicting mortality among acute ischaemic stroke patients at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.

Methodology: This prospective study enrolled 171 consecutive adults with acute ischaemic stroke between January and December 2023.

High burden of chronic kidney disease of unknown cause among patients receiving renal replacement therapy in Northeast Nigeria: A cross-sectional survey of haemodialysis units.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is emerging as a significant public health concern in northeastern Nigeria, particularly in states such as Yobe and Borno. Despite its increasing impact, there is a lack of data characterizing this public health issue. This study aims to explore the prevalence, spatial distribution, and risk factors for CKD among patients receiving haemodialysis (HD) in the region.

Left Ventricular Geometry and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Phenotype in Newly Diagnosed Hypertension in North-eastern Nigeria.

Background: Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) is a key component of hypertensive heart disease. The prevalence of hypertensive LVH ranges from 19% to 48 % in untreated hypertensive patients amongst the Western population but is 46% to 63% in Nigeria. The study aims to highlight the prevalence of LVH and to determine the pattern of LV geometry and the LVH phenotype in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients.

Ileostomy Versus Primary Closure in Typhoid Ileal Perforation in Patients with Two or More Poor Prognostic Factors.

Background: Typhoid ileal perforation is a life-threatening disease affecting the northwestern Nigeria, with high morbidity and mortality, especially in those with multiple poor prognostic factors. The popular surgical approaches are primary closure of the perforation and ileostomy. It is debatable which approach has better outcomes in our environment.

Prevalence and Determinants of Malocclusion among Preschool Children in Maiduguri.

Background: Malocclusion is an abnormality of teeth alignment from interactions of hereditary and environmental factors, associated with stimuli present at the period of formation and development of the face and oral tissues.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and determinants of malocclusion among preschool children in Maiduguri, Borno State.

Methods: This study involved 239 pre-school children selected by systematic random sampling.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in the Epicenter of the Boko Haram Insurgency: Prevalence and Psychosocial Correlates.

Background: The 'Boko Haram insurgency' is one of the most devastating armed conflicts that the Nigerian State has experienced in the post-civil war era. The quantum of destruction in terms of lives and property is beyond rational comprehension as it left in its trail both physical and psychological traumata. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the psychological sequelae of violent conflicts globally, with prevalence rates of up to 72% in sub-Saharan Africa.

Biosynthesis and characterization of terpolymer P(3HB--3HV--4HB) produced by USMAA1020 using glycerol pitch.

This study demonstrates a circular economy approach by utilizing glycerol pitch, biodiesel co-product as a carbon source to produce biodegradable terpolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate--3-hydroxyvalerate--4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB--3HV--4HB)] using USMAA1020. Various carbon sources, including oleic acid, 1,4-butanediol, and 1-pentanol, were combined with glycerol pitch as main substrates. The experiments were conducted in a mineral salt medium (MSM) with a high concentration of carbon source and limited nitrogen, which promotes both bacterial growth and PHA accumulation.

Recurrence of Noma: Fact or Fiction? A Clinical Review of 34 Patients From Noma Children Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.

Objective: Noma is an infectious and potential lethal disease that destroys the orofacial structures in which the etiopathogenesis is not fully understood. Controversy exists about whether noma can recur. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate recurrence of noma in patients previously treated for acute phase of noma.

Colorimetric RT-LAMP for SARS-CoV-2 detection from nasopharyngeal swabs or crude saliva: a multicountry diagnostic accuracy study in Africa.

Background: Reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) with colorimetric readout is a rapid, robust, and cost-effective one-step amplification assay that we previously trialled for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swabs in four countries. Here, we expanded our assessment of RT-LAMP for SARS-CoV-2 detection to several other African countries and evaluated its operational performance with crude saliva as a pragmatic approach for outbreak surveillance and response in resource-limited settings.

Methods: We conducted a multicountry diagnostic accuracy study of RT-LAMP for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical samples.

Enhancement of Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, Plasma Biomarkers, and Hepatic Metabolomics in Broiler Chickens through Medicinal Plants-Seaweed Blend Supplementation in Drinking Water.

This study evaluated the effects of supplementing drinking water with a medicinal plants-seaweed blend (BLEND) on growth performance, intestinal morphology, blood biomarkers, and hepatic metabolism in broiler chickens. A total of 120 one-day-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly assigned to two groups: a control group (CON) receiving standard drinking water and a treatment group (BLEND) receiving water supplemented with a mixture of Glycyrrhiza glabra, Scutellaria, Forsythia, Adhatoda vasika, Azadirachta indica, Curcuma longa, and seaweed extracts at 1 mL/L for 28 days. Compared to CON, BLEND significantly improved body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) during days 15-28 (p < 0.

Study on Synthesis, Antimicrobial Properties, Antioxidant Effects, and Anticancer Activity of New Quinoline Derivatives.

Quinolone molecule has demonstrated very high oral bioavailability and antimicrobial spectrum, which makes it a very strong candidate in the field of potency of drugs. In this study, a novel scaffold 6-amino-1-(4-methoxybenzyl) quinolin-2(1H)-one synthesized through a multistep reaction process. The antimicrobial activities demonstrate that the synthesized compounds 6a, 6b, 6d, 6m, and 6n show effective antimicrobial activities against bacterial (Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus) and fungal strain (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).

Synthesis, Characterization, Biological Evaluation, DFT Calculations, and Molecular Docking Study of Transition Metal Complexes Derived From a Schiff Base Ligand.

The escalating global challenge of antibiotic resistance amid rising oxidative stress emphasizes the critical necessity for innovative antimicrobial strategies. This study, reported synthesis of Schiff base ligand, (Z)-2-[(4-nitrobenzylidene)amino]phenol (HL), derived from condensation between 2-aminophenol and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, and it Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes. The compounds were characterized using NMR, FTIR, UV-Vis, MS, TGA, SEM-EDX, and elemental (CHN) analysis.