Preventing Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence with Combination of Catheter Ablation and Renal Denervation or Ganglion Plexus Ablation: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF), affects around 2% of the global population and is projected to rise over the next 50 years. Catheter ablation (CA) is the primary treatment for symptomatic AF resistant to drug therapy. Despite its widespread use, CA has a failure rate of 20% to 50%, often requiring repeat procedures, due to significant long-term recurrence rates.

Exploring Exercise-induced Long QT: A Scoping Review of Reversibility Through Detraining and Distinction from Long QT Syndrome.

Exercise-induced long QT may mimic congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS), risking misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment. This scoping review explores its reversibility through detraining and differentiation from congenital LQTS. A systematic search of five databases identified six studies involving 196 subjects.

Ergonomic assessment of a multi-joint actuated lower extremity exoskeleton to assist dynamic lifting and carrying tasks.

The proof-of-concept study for a hip and knee joint actuated exoskeleton developed for repetitive manual lifting and carrying tasks is investigated. Fifteen participants completed the study which involved two laboratory manual handling tasks of (1) lifting a box weighing 9.5 kg (repeated in three trials as a standalone task) and (2) lifting and carrying same box over a distance (repeated in three trials as a single combined task), with and without the use of the exoskeleton suit.

Marine-Derived Polymers-Polysaccharides as Promising Natural Therapeutics for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, driven by dyslipidemia, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction. Despite widespread use of lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory agents such as statins, residual cardiovascular risk and adverse effects underscore the need for novel, safe, and multi-targeted therapies. Marine-derived polysaccharides (MDPs)-including fucoidan, alginate, laminarin, carrageenan, and chitosan-exhibit a spectrum of bioactivities relevant to ASCVD pathogenesis, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, lipid-modulatory, antithrombotic, and endothelial-protective effects.

Atypical Presentation of -Related Dysentery in an HIV-Infected Patient.

() is a protozoan parasite that inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. Often considered a commensal parasite, severe manifestations are uncommon and isolated. This case report describes a case of infection in an HIV-seropositive individual manifesting as dysentery.

The effect of Streptomyces fradiae strain JB-1 on Bactrocera dorsalis species complex pupal development in various soil levels.

The Bactrocera dorsalis species complex comprises major pests of various tropical fruit and vegetable crops. Populations typically increase during the rainy season, a period when pesticide applications are often less effective. Additionally, pupation in the soil further complicates control efforts.

New innovative use of 3D video exoscope in microsurgical varicocelectomy: a case series.

Introduction: Varicocele affects 10-15% of adult males, and is linked to infertility (35%) and testicular pain (10%). Microsurgical varicocelectomy (MV) is considered the gold standard treatment due to its low complication rates and superior anatomical outcomes. However, conventional MV using a 2D exoscope presents limitations in image depth and surgeon ergonomics.

Determining the optimal timing for Tetralogy of Fallot management: A meta-analysis of neonatal vs postneonatal repairs.

Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), the most prevalent cyanotic congenital heart anomaly, impacts around 3.9 in 10,000 live births. Repair aims to address intracardiac shunting and right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

Real-world progression-free survival of first line afatinib patients with EGFR-mutant advanced lung adenocarcinoma: A multicentre study in Indonesia.

Introduction: Afatinib, a second-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has demonstrated clinical benefit in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through clinical trials. However, real-world data, particularly in Southeast Asian populations, remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the real-world progression-free survival (PFS) of Indonesian patients with EGFR-mutant advanced lung adenocarcinoma treated with first-line afatinib.

Bayesian generalized dissimilarity model for marine biodiversity analysis.

Marine biodiversity is crucial for ocean ecosystems and global ecological services. The spatial changes in the biodiversity can be assessed by modeling the beta diversity indices using the Generalized Dissimilarity Model (GDM) which captures nonlinear species-environment relationships through I-splines but the method lacks interval estimates. The Bayesian Bootstrap GDM (BBGDM) also provides confidence intervals but does not incorporate the knowledge of ecological priors.

Native Australian plants to combat oral health-related pathogens.

Dental caries remains one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide, impacting health, quality of life, and child development, while posing a substantial economic burden. The rise of antimicrobial resistance has intensified the search for alternative preventive strategies, particularly those derived from natural products. Recent studies highlight that Australian native plants possess significant antimicrobial, antioxidant, and phytochemical properties, suggesting their potential as natural alternatives to synthetic agents.

Association between vaccination uptake, vaccine type, and long COVID in rural Indonesia.

Introduction: Long COVID affects a significant proportion of individuals after SARS-CoV-2 infection. While vaccines reduce severe disease, their effect on long COVID remains unclear, especially in rural, resource-limited settings. This study investigates the association between vaccination status, vaccine type, and long COVID in Malang Regency, East Java.

Emergency response in resource-constrained settings: A scoping review of prehospital trauma care in LMICs.

Trauma is a leading cause of mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where effective prehospital care can significantly improve survival. However, the development of robust prehospital systems is hindered by systemic barriers, including fragmented services, inadequate resources, and undertrained personnel. This study aimed to systematically map the evidence on these challenges and the solutions being implemented to overcome them.

Trans-signaling through the agonistic sIL-6R and an imbalanced inflammatory response are associated with increased susceptibility to Graves' disease.

Background: Excessive inflammatory cytokines are known to impact immune response and autoimmunity. In this study, we quantified the level of interleukin (IL)-6, soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R), glycoprotein 130 (sgp130) and IL-10 to determine their involvement in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease (GD), in addition to the assessment serum cytokines IL-6, sIL-6R, sgp130, and IL-10 performance as biomarkers for the diagnosis of GD.

Methods: A total of 20 patients with GD and 21 healthy individuals from the Indonesian population were enrolled.

Genetically Modified Lactic Acid Bacteria: a Promising Mucosal Delivery Vector for Vaccines.

The advent of mucosal vaccines that target the primary entry points of many pathogens has revolutionized the field of immunology. Genetically modified lactic acid bacteria (gmLAB), which include genera such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, have emerged as promising vectors for delivering antigens to mucosal surfaces. These gram-positive, non-pathogenic microorganisms exhibit inherent probiotic properties, can survive through the gastrointestinal tract, and efficiently interact with the host immune system.

Best practice of gastrointestinal endoscopy during Mpox upsurge: an Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy recommendation.

The emergence of Mpox as a significant zoonotic viral threat presents new challenges in gastrointestinal endoscopy. This article outlines the risk of Mpox transmission during gastrointestinal endoscopy, particularly through respiratory droplets and contact with the mucosal surfaces. Gastrointestinal endoscopy may also facilitate transmission by fomites, as the Mpox virus can persist on medical instruments and surfaces for long periods.

Comparative Analysis of Anti-Inflammatory Flavones in Capitula Using Primary Cultured Rat Hepatocytes.

The capitula of Linné or Ramatuelle ( in Japanese) are included in several formulae of Kampo medicines (traditional Japanese medicines), such as , which is used for headache and dizziness. Luteolin, the principal constituent of , has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the effects of other flavonoids on this crude drug have not yet been thoroughly investigated.

Tomato ripeness prediction using low resolution portable spectrometer and machine learning.

Tomato ripeness assessment is critical to ensure optimal product quality. This study proposes a novel approach to predict total soluble solids (TSS) and firmness, and classify tomato ripeness using a low-resolution AS7265x portable spectrometer combined with machine learning techniques. Prediction models for TSS and firmness were developed using Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), while ripeness classification used Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN).

The APLAR Recommendations for the Management of Psoriatic Arthritis.

Objectives: Under the auspices of the Asia-Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology (APLAR), we aimed to develop broad, evidence- and consensus-based guidelines to aid health professionals managing patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in the region.

Methods: A working group of 35 members comprising rheumatologists, dermatologists, and patient research partners from 18 APLAR countries was convened. The working group conducted systematic literature reviews to derive the quality of evidence via GRADE methods in supporting the efficacy and safety of classes of therapeutic agents for the management of active PsA, its comorbidities, and screening for specific infection concerns in the region.

Hybrid Attention-Enhanced Xception and Dynamic Chaotic Whale Optimization for Brain Tumor Diagnosis.

In medical diagnostics, brain tumor classification remains essential, as accurate and efficient models aid medical professionals in early detection and treatment planning. Deep learning methodologies for brain tumor classification have gained popularity due to their potential to deliver prompt and precise diagnostic results. This article proposes a novel classification technique that integrates the Xception model with a hybrid attention mechanism and progressive image resizing to enhance performance.

The Effect of Intravenous Oxyhydrogen Nanobubble on Chronic Kidney Disease: Case Series.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition with limited treatment options that often lead to significant morbidity. Oxyhydrogen nanobubbles (HHOnb), a form of ultrafine gas-in-liquid dispersion containing hydrogen and oxygen, have shown potential therapeutic benefits due to their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. This exploratory case series investigates the effects of intravenous HHOnb therapy in three patients with varying stages of CKD.

Cluster of differentiation 133 (CD133) and C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) associated with the incidence of metastasis in osteosarcoma patients.

Background: Osteosarcoma has a global incidence of 3.4 cases per million annually, with 10-20% of patients presenting with metastasis at diagnosis. Its high metastatic potential is attributed to a highly proliferative cell population and cancer stem cells that drive tumorigenesis and metastasis.

Exploring the mechanisms of supplemented CO in enhancing methane production in anaerobic digestion process, a review.

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a sustainable technology that converts organic waste into renewable energy while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Recent studies suggest that adding CO₂ to the AD process can improve methane production through different mechanisms. This review examines four key ways CO₂ supplementation can enhance methane yield: (1) direct conversion of CO₂ into acetate by homoacetogens, (2) direct methanation of CO₂ by hydrogenotrophic methanogens, (3) improved breakdown of organic material due to higher enzyme activity, and (4) better digester conditions through pH regulation and reduced ammonia toxicity.