A quantitative PCR-based assay for the species-specific detection of , causal agent of caliciopsis canker disease of .

Caliciopsis pinea is the ascomycete plant pathogen that causes caliciopsis canker disease on North American Pinus strobus (eastern white pine). Infections result in downgrading of lumber due to canker formation and overall loss of vigor in P. strobus, which is a critical cover species throughout its native range.

Competence and control beliefs in three cultures: a German personality test applied at home, in Kenya and Poland.

Background: Competence and control beliefs are core self-evaluations with increasing value as predictors (e.g., in clinical, organizational, environmental, and educational psychology), and they are assumed to have a universal core that is shared across cultures.

LONP1 Variants Are Associated With Clinically Diverse Phenotypes.

LONP1 encodes a mitochondrial protease essential for protein quality control and metabolism. Variants in LONP1 are associated with a diverse and expanding spectrum of disorders, including Cerebral, Ocular, Dental, Auricular, and Skeletal anomalies syndrome (CODAS), congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), with some individuals exhibiting features of mitochondrial encephalopathy. We report 16 novel LONP1 variants identified in 16 individuals (11 with NDD, 5 with CDH), further expanding the clinical spectrum.

Characterizing Fidelity Monitoring Practices in Community Behavioral Health Care.

Evidence-based practices (EBPs) are most effective when they are delivered with a high degree of fidelity, or as they are intended to be delivered. Because clinicians often deviate from fidelity, it is important to monitor EBP fidelity over time to guide corrective actions. However, little is known about current fidelity monitoring practices in community behavioral health care.

Prism Model: Factors that Influence Teaming in Behavioral Health from the Perspectives of Interprofessional Clinicians.

This qualitative study explores what factors influence teaming in behavioral health settings, from the perspective of behavioral health providers. Twenty-four participants from a range of behavioral health professions engaged in semi-structured interviews. Using a grounded theory approach, data were analyzed, and a "prism" model was developed to capture the complexities of behavioral health providers' perceptions of factors influencing teaming in various mental health and/or substance use disorder treatment programs.

Practical considerations towards the collection of patient reported outcome data among hematopoietic cell transplant recipients.

Background: There is increasing interest in using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to assess quality of life (QoL) following hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT). However, there is limited consensus on how such data should be collected within HCT services. This survey study investigated health professionals (HCPs) views towards QoL data collection and factors affecting the use of PROMs within HCT centres in the UK.

Effectiveness of the SHARE Approach for Improving Clinician Shared Decision Making Skills: A Trial in 12 Practices Located in Colorado, USA.

Background: The SHARE Approach Model and training curriculum was developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) to teach clinicians practicing in diverse settings how to engage in more effective Shared Decision Making (SDM).

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the SHARE Approach at improving SDM in practices located across Colorado, USA.

Design: A longitudinal study with pre- and post-intervention observations.

Factors Associated with Loneliness Among Older Adults Who Experienced Homelessness: Results from the HOPE HOME Study.

Background: Older homeless-experienced adults are at higher risk of loneliness than general older adults. Loneliness is associated with multiple adverse health and mental health outcomes. Less is known about factors contributing to loneliness among older adults who experience homelessness.

Do elevated intrarenal pressures during mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy increase postoperative pain??

Introduction: High intrarenal pressures (IRP) during mini-PCNL have been postulated to result in increased postoperative pain but no studies have evaluated this to our knowledge. We sought to determine if there is a correlation between IRP and immediate postoperative pain when using different tract sizes.

Methods: Patients were enrolled and assigned for standard (s-PCNL, 24fr), suctioning-mini (sm-PCNL, 16fr) and non-suctioning-mini (nsm-PCNL, 17.

Population size in stochastic discrete-time ecological dynamics.

We study how environmental stochasticity influences the long-term population size in certain one- and two-species models. The difficulty is that even when one can prove that there is coexistence, it is usually impossible to say anything about the invariant probability measure which describes the coexisting species. We are able to circumvent this problem for some important ecological models by noticing that the per-capita growth rates at stationarity are zero, something which can sometimes yield information about the invariant probability measure.

In vivo itaconate tracing reveals degradation pathway and turnover kinetics.

Itaconate is an immunomodulatory metabolite that alters mitochondrial metabolism and immune cell function. This organic acid is endogenously synthesized by tricarboxylic acid (TCA) metabolism downstream of TLR signalling. Itaconate-based treatment strategies are under investigation to mitigate numerous inflammatory conditions.

Epigenomic landscape of single vascular cells reflects developmental origin and disease risk loci.

Vascular sites have distinct susceptibility to atherosclerosis and aneurysm, yet the epigenomic and transcriptomic underpinning of vascular site-specific disease risk is largely unknown. Here, we performed single-cell chromatin accessibility (scATACseq) and gene expression profiling (scRNAseq) of mouse vascular tissue from three vascular sites. Through interrogation of epigenomic enhancers and gene regulatory networks, we discovered key regulatory enhancers to not only be cell type, but vascular site-specific.

Agrifood value chain employment and compensation shift with structural transformation.

The traditional structural transformation narrative emphasizes intersectoral labour reallocation out of agriculture, ignoring whether workers exit agrifood value chains or merely migrate within them. Here we decompose multiregional input-output table data into industry- and country-specific annual labour value-added estimates by final consumer market segment, matching them with industry-specific employment data to estimate average worker compensation. Using data covering most of the global economy over 1993-2021, we report ten stylized facts about labour reallocation amid structural transformation.

Nanotechnology for CAR T cells and tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies.

Adoptive T-cell therapies, and particularly CAR T cells and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, have transformed cancer treatment by selectively targeting malignant cells. Despite their clinical success, these therapies face substantial challenges, including costly manufacturing processes and tumour-imposed barriers that limit efficacy. Advances in understanding the nanoscale mechanisms governing T-cell activation and the role of the tumour microenvironment in restricting T-cell responses have driven the development of nanotechnology-based strategies that integrate key chemical and physical cues.

Astrocytic monoamine oxidase B (MAOB)-gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) axis as a molecular brake on repair following spinal cord injury.

Neuroregeneration and remyelination rarely occur in the adult mammalian brain and spinal cord following central nervous system (CNS) injury. The glial scar has been proposed as a major contributor to this failure in the regenerative process. However, its underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain unclear.

Proximity labeling of axonemal protein CFAP91 identifies EFCAB5 that regulates sperm motility.

Radial spokes (RSs) are conserved multimolecular structures attached to the axonemal microtubule doublets and are essential for the motility control of both cilia and sperm flagella. CFAP91, an RS3 protein, is implicated in human male infertility, yet its molecular function remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that Cfap91 knockout (KO) mice exhibit impaired sperm flagellum formation and male infertility.

Scalable Photothermal Superhydrophobic Deicing Coating with Mechanochemical-Thermal Robustness.

Developing scalable and robust deicing coatings is essential for real-world applications, yet current coatings either suffer from intrinsic fragility or low thermal conductivity, limiting sustainability and deicing effectiveness. Here, we report a scalable and durable photothermal superhydrophobic coating coupling with enhanced thermal conductivity, engineered by embedding carbon nanotubes within a perfluoroalkoxy polymer matrix. Our design achieved 97.

Cholinergic dynamics in the septo-hippocampal system provide phasic multiplexed signals for spatial novelty and correlate with behavioral states.

In the hippocampal formation, cholinergic modulation from the medial septum/diagonal band of Broca (MSDB) is known to correlate with the speed of an animal's movements at sub-second timescales and also supports spatial memory formation. Yet, the extent to which sub-second cholinergic dynamics, if at all, align with transient behavioral and cognitive states supporting the encoding of novel spatial information remains unknown. In this study, we used fiber photometry to record the temporal dynamics in the population activity of septo-hippocampal cholinergic neurons at sub-second resolution during a hippocampus-dependent object location memory task using ChAT-Cre mice of both sexes.

Comparing Two Approaches to Identify Individuals with Severe Asthma in United States Claims Data.

Purpose: Given the increased likelihood for individuals with severe asthma to experience comorbidities, disease complications, emergency room visits, and hospitalizations, the ability to stratify asthma populations on severity is often important. Although pharmacoepidemiologic studies using administrative healthcare databases sometimes categorize asthma severity, there is no consensus on an approach.

Methods: Individuals with asthma (≥ 2 ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes J45) aged ≥ 6 years were identified in Optum's de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database between January 2017 and November 2023.

Adults with chronic low back pain hold negative beliefs towards running: a mixed methods study.

Objectives: To explore differences in beliefs towards running in adults with and without chronic low back pain.

Design: This convergent mixed methods cross-sectional study compared adults with chronic low back pain (n = 39) to pain-free adults with a history of chronic low back pain (n = 28) and a low back pain naive control group (n = 71).

Methods: Beliefs towards running (activity specific beliefs questionnaire; range: 1-4 points), pain intensity (101-point visual analogue scale), disability (Oswestry Disability Index), and habitual physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) were analysed.

The untapped potential of opportunistic neuroscience models (Invited commentary on "Evaluating the stress system of the grieving brain: corticotropin-releasing factor receptors and partner loss in coyotes (Canis latrans)).

In this invited Commentary on Tong and Freeman's article on CRFRs in widowed coyotes (this issue), I commend the authors for the rigorous use of opportunistically obtained brains to extend our knowledge of the grieving brain. Current laboratory models in neuroscience are productive, but often limited. This is perhaps nowhere so true as in efforts to study developmental neurobiological processes longitudinally in longer-lived animals.

Evaluating the stress system of the grieving brain: corticotropin-releasing factor receptors and partner loss in coyotes (Canis latrans).

Forming social bonds is fundamental in helping us foster connections with others. The loss of a loved one often results in grief, stress, and loneliness, and the stress response system of the body has been implicated in the physiological symptoms associated with grieving. Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) is the hormone that initiates the stress response in the body and acts at two different receptor subtypes CRF receptor (CRFR)1 and CRFR2.

Academic Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Practice Models in United States Dental Schools.

Practicing within an academic dental school environment offers many advantages for the oral and maxillofacial surgeon. In the dental school setting, surgeons typically work concomitantly in university hospitals or teaching institutions, where their roles extend beyond clinical care to include teaching, research, and mentoring. Academic surgeons often manage complex or rare surgical cases and contribute to the advancement of the field through scholarly publications and participation in academic conferences.

Exploring the role of gender on treatment outcomes in older adults with alcohol use disorder.

Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) among older adults, particularly with respect to gender differences in treatment outcomes, remains underexplored. Our objective was to explore gender differences in AUD treatment outcomes among older adults, focusing on continuous measures (e.g.

A Framework for Mandated Reporting for Substance-Related Parental Abuse and Neglect.

Clinicians face the prospect of mandated reporting when a patient reports, either during the intake appointment or during the course of addiction treatment, their risky substance use-related behavior around a child. Beyond legal considerations, many factors might influence a clinician's decision whether or not to report the case to child protective services (CPS). Although there is literature regarding mandated reporting in the setting of pre- or perinatal substance use, there is limited literature regarding the mandated reporting obligation in the setting of postnatal substance use around children.