Chronic pain and decline in activities of daily living among community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review of longitudinal studies.

Purpose: To investigate the longitudinal association between chronic pain and decline in activity of daily living (ADL) among community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 60 years.

Methods: In this systematic review of prospective longitudinal studies with narrative synthesis, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed and Embase using free-text words and MeSH terms on February 3, 2025. Longitudinal studies that quantitatively assessed ADL at two or more time points and pain at least once were included.

Right ventricular myocardial blood flow estimated by 13N-ammonia positron emission tomography in patients with coronary artery disease.

Background: Because the myocardium thickness and blood flow of the right ventricular (RV) are lower than those of the left ventricle, it is challenging to perceive the RV myocardium in normal individuals. This study aimed to measure the myocardial perfusion in the RV (myocardial blood flow [MBF], myocardial flow reserve [MFR]) from 13N-ammonia PET images and investigate the associations between the MBF and MFR in patients with and without coronary artery disease (CAD) in the right coronary artery (RCA) region. A total 121 MBF and MFR were retrospectively measured from PET images by referring to the radioactivity and clinical blood flow values of the left ventricle.

Natal dispersal patterns in a social wild mammal: What does family tell us?

Natal dispersal is a key process in ecology and evolution. Similarities of dispersal patterns between relatives can lead to small-scale kin structure within populations with consequences for population dynamics and genetics. Most studies have focused on birds, lizards, and small mammals.

Genetic Code Expansion-Driven in Situ Click Labeling Enables Rapid Imaging-Based Selection of Functional Nanobody-Dye Conjugates.

Antigen-binding proteins, such as nanobodies, modified with functional small molecules hold great potential for applications including imaging probes, drug conjugates, and localized catalysts. However, traditional chemical labeling methods that randomly target lysine or cysteine residues often produce heterogeneous conjugates with limited reproducibility. Conventional site-specific conjugation approaches, which typically modify only the N- or C-terminus, may also be insufficient to achieve the desired functionalities.

Characteristics of Calcined Sugarcane Bagasse and Its Ability to Adsorb Cadmium from Aqueous Solutions.

This study evaluated the cadmium (Cd) adsorption characteristics of sugarcane bagasse (BG) calcined at different temperatures (200-1000°C). The point of zero charge (pH) of the BGs ranged from 4.3 to 6.

A systemically applied nanoparticle-based dsRNA biopesticide reduces Tuta absoluta survival.

RNA interference (RNAi) is an endogenous eukaryote viral defence mechanism representing a unique form of post-transcriptional gene silencing that can be induced via the exongenous application of dsRNA. Due to its high specificity, dsRNA-based biopesticides are being developed to control pest insects. Whilst many lepidopteran species are recalcitrant to RNAi, Tuta absoluta, a polyphagous insect responsible for extensive crop damage, is sensitive.

A strain of mycovirus AaVV1 mediates hypovirulence of Alternaria species.

The genus Alternaria comprises a wide range of ubiquitous plant pathogens that affect various host plants. Certain mycoviruses can induce changes in the biological characteristics and virulence of host fungi, offering potential for biocontrol in managing fungal plant diseases. Here, we identified a mycovirus with a high degree of homology to Alternaria arborescens victorivirus 1 (AaVV1), which was previously reported from Alternaria arborescens, in the QRH strain of the heterologous host Alternaria gomphrenae.

CYP72A15 confers resistance against penoxsulam to Echinochloa phyllopogon.

As the weed Echinochloa phyllopogon has rapidly developed multi- and cross-resistance to several herbicides, we aimed to determine the mechanism underlying penoxsulam resistance in weeds. There was no target mutation in the tested population, and P450 enzyme activity was significantly higher in the penoxsulam-treated resistant population, confirming that non-target-site resistance was dominant. The antioxidant enzyme activity of the resistant population was higher than that of the sensitive population following the application of the penoxsulam and cleared HO faster.

Workforce development: An academic-practice partnership journey.

The nursing workforce shortage demands comprehensive, innovative solutions across academic and clinical settings. Beginning in 2019, a strategic partnership was created between a large Midwestern university school of nursing and its associated academic health center to address workforce challenges and implement targeted initiatives. Key initiatives included student apprenticeships to support new graduate nurses, the development of functional teams to ease critical workforce shortages during Covid-19, and the implementation of 'red carpet clinicals' to facilitate student experiences in the clinical arena.

Dual-emission center ratiometric fluorescence probes based on biomass carbon dots for metal ions detection in water and three-level anti-counterfeiting.

Background: In the contemporary era of rapid digital advancement, information security is closely associated with our daily life. From personal information to state secrets, all domains are intricately linked with information. Consequently, the significance of information security has garnered growing attention from an ever-increasing number of individuals.

Design and characterisation of high-affinity aptamers for detecting HIV integrase.

Background: Currently, 39.9 million people are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and 1.3 million new infections occur annually, with over 170 circulating variants.

Carbonate esters as green alternatives in chromatographic separations.

Background: Carbonate esters are polar aprotic solvents that can be used to replace polar solvents: methanol, acetonitrile, or even apolar solvents in the mobile phases for liquid chromatography. Dimethyl, diethyl, and propylene carbonates (DMC, DEC, and PC) are not fully soluble in water.

Results: Twelve volume phase diagrams of water, the three carbonates, and methanol, ethanol, propanol, and acetonitrile were determined.

Upconverting nano-paste in 3D-printed phone camera setup for soil phyto-iron sensing.

Background: Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for plant growth, but the conventional DTPA soil analysis method for detecting available iron has notable limitations, requiring advanced instruments and lengthy preparation time. Developing a more affordable, user-friendly, and efficient method for iron detection in soil could greatly improve crop nutrition management. Here, a facile nanoscopic method was developed to quantify available Fe ions in the soil by forming a luminescence quenching complex in chelation with bathophenanthroline disulphonic acid disodium salt (Fe/BPDS complex).

[From 'patient tracer' to 'learner tracer', a new challenge for the AP-HP Nord - Université Paris Cité GHU].

The Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris. Nord - Université Paris Cité is embarking on a process of continuous evaluation and quality improvement of its placement policy, by transposing the 'patient tracer' method to the situation of the 'trainee tracer'. The aim is to take into account the experiences of students and the healthcare professionals who work with them, by analysing each phase of the placement process (before, during and after) and exploring the links with training institutes.

[The 2PS functional unit: new impetus for caregivers' well-being].

In 2015, a dozen caregivers and agents from Nice's university hospital center came together in a group called "Health Promotion" to improve working conditions and the health of professionals. In 2024, this approach gained institutional recognition with the inauguration of the "Health Promotion for Healthcare Professionals" unit. Under the responsibility of the Public Health Department, this initiative brings together a multidisciplinary team to support projects proposed by the professionals themselves, and to co-construct solutions tailored to their needs, through concrete actions whose effectiveness is assessed on an ongoing basis.

Protein content and amino acid profile of wild mushrooms depend on environmental conditions.

Wild mushrooms can be an important source of protein and essential amino acids, however very little is known about the environmental factors affecting the content of these compounds. In our study, we investigated the influence of soil properties (soil type, C/N ratio, pH) and tree stand characteristics (tree diversity, canopy cover, understory cover, and the proportion of deciduous trees) on total protein and essential amino acids (Valine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Phenylalanine, Lysine, Methionine, Arginine, Histidine) contents in seven wild-growing mushroom species (Macrolepiota procera, Rhodocolybia butyracea, Russula cyanoxantha, R.heterophylla, Lactifluus vellereus, Armillaria mellea s.

Risk Factors for Incidental Durotomy in Initial Posterior Decompression Surgery for Lumbar Central Canal Stenosis with Bilateral Neurogenic Claudication.

Objective: To identify significant risk factors for incidental durotomy (ID) in initial posterior decompression surgery for lumbar central canal stenosis and to explore whether these risks vary by surgical approach through subgroup analyses.

Methods: This study included patients who underwent single-level posterior decompression surgery for lumbar central canal stenosis with bilateral neurogenic claudication at eight hospitals between April 2017 and May 2023. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and surgical details, including surgeon certification status, were collected.

Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (LLIF): Is Trans-Psoas Surgery Associated with Muscle Size Changes and Clinical Findings?

Introduction: Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (LLIF) is based on a less-invasive access corridor through the retroperitoneum and psoas muscle, though concerns persist over postoperative weakness and neuropathy on the surgical side. This study investigates if the trans-psoas LLIF approach is associated with long-term changes in psoas morphology, hip flexor (HF) weakness, and lower extremity dysesthesia.

Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed all LLIF cases at a single institution from January 2016 to June 2024.

Platinum-group metal half-sandwich complexes of sugar-isoxazol(in)e conjugates - synthesis and evaluation of their antineoplastic and antimicrobial activities.

Platinum-group metal half-sandwich complexes are considered to be potential replacements of the clinically widely used platins which have several side effects and tend to cause resistance to develop. In our previous works, we used a range of 2-pyridyl-substituted N- and C-glycosyl heterocycles as N,N-chelating ligands to prepare ruthenium(II), osmium(II), iridium(III) and rhodium(III) polyhapto arene/arenyl half-sandwich complexes. Some of these complexes, particularly with the C-glucopyranosyl isoxazole derived ligand in its O-perbenzoylated form, exhibited greater anticancer efficiency than cisplatin and had minimal or negligible effects on non-transformed fibroblasts.

Microglia-Astroglia-Neuron network following stroke: novel insight into extracellular vesicles communication.

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, with ischemic stroke accounting for the majority of cases. Intercellular communication is critical to its prognostic impact, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an emerging important mechanism. EVs are increasingly recognized as key mediators of crosstalk between neurons and glial cells, affecting processes such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and tissue repair.

Mouse Model of Prenatal Valproic Acid Exposure: Effects on Cortical Morphogenesis and Behavioral Outcomes Across Environmental Conditions.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability characterized by impaired social communication and repetitive behaviors, and environmental and genetic factors are involved in its onset. The use of the antiepileptic drug valproic acid (VPA) during pregnancy is associated with neural tube defects and developmental disorders in the fetus. In this study, we aimed to identify abnormalities in cortical morphogenesis owing to prenatal VPA exposure and to elucidate the abnormalities in brain function associated with these abnormalities, particularly by comparing multiple and single environments.

Evaluating the efficacy of psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatments for depression on anhedonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Anhedonia, the lack of interest or pleasure in activities, is a core but under-addressed symptom of depression. Consequently, little is known about the efficacy of treatments for alleviating anhedonia.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatments for depression at reducing symptoms of anhedonia.

Role of PAI-1 in the progression and treatment resistance of non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), chemotherapy, and molecular targeted therapies have improved survival rates, therapeutic resistance remains a major barrier to curative outcomes. Recently, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) has been implicated in lung cancer progression and treatment resistance.

Diagnostic Value of Centrally Restricted Diffusion in Differentiating Radiation Necrosis from Tumor Progression in Brain Metastases: A Single-Center Observational Study.

Background: Distinguishing radiation necrosis (RN) from true progression (TP) in irradiated brain metastases is challenging. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of the centrally restricted diffusion sign on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).

Methods: From August 2014 to August 2024, we screened 321 patients with histologically confirmed brain metastases treated with radiation therapy and follow-up MRI for new or enlarging necrotic lesions ≥1 cm.