Multidimensional in silico evaluation of fluorine-18 radiopharmaceuticals: integrating pharmacokinetics, ADMET, and clustering for diagnostic stratification.

Fluorine-18-labeled radiopharmaceuticals are central to PET-based oncology imaging, yet comparative evaluations of their mechanistic behavior and diagnostic potential remain fragmented. In this study, we present a multidimensional in silico framework integrating pharmacokinetic modeling, structural ADMET prediction, and unsupervised clustering to systematically evaluate five widely used F-labeled PET radiopharmaceuticals: [F]FDG, [F]FET, [F]DOPA, [F]FMISO, and [F]FLT. Each radiopharmaceutical was simulated using a harmonized three-compartment model in COPASI to capture uptake dynamics under both normal and pathological conditions.

A new generation of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) gold-selenolato complexes as potent anticancer agents: distinct synthetic routes and evaluation in 2D and 3D cancer models.

Two distinct synthetic pathways are disclosed that lead to new gold-selenolato complexes, stabilized by N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). The weak base route can provide facile access to phenylselenolate complexes of gold, using both NHC and phopshine ligands. In addition, the pathway based on the carbometallation of elemental selenium enables the construction of a more diverse library of products, based on substituted aryl-selenide fragments whose selenol congeners are not commercially available.

Demographics, Trends, and Cardiovascular Mortality in Kaposi Sarcoma Patients in the United States: An Analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database.

Background: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a vascular neoplasm caused by human herpesvirus-8. There is a paucity of data on the cause of death in patients with KS, especially the proportion of cardiovascular mortality. This study aimed to provide annual trends, demographic analysis, and cause of death analysis of KS in the United States.

Resistance of mature and elderly bodybuilders to anaerobic energy supply load.

Background: This study aims to assess the resistance level of beginner bodybuilders of mature and elderly age to strength training performed under anaerobic energy supply modes (creatine phosphokinase and glycolysis).

Methods: The study involved 60 men who had been engaged in bodybuilding for only 12 months. Group A included men aged 24 ± 1.

Infection-Triggered Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Critical Overview.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a complex multisystem disorder traditionally classified into primary forms and those associated with autoimmune diseases. However, is gaining attention as a distinct subset due to the increasing recognition of thrombotic complications occurring in the context of viral or bacterial infections. Despite its clinical relevance, this phenomenon remains poorly characterized.

Beyond the Battlefield: Geospatial Insights of Health Vulnerability in Ukraine During the Russian-Ukrainian War.

Although the devastation of war is well recognized, no previous study has systematically integrated the interplay of conflict intensity, access to humanitarian aid, environmental conditions, and infrastructure to understand how these factors collectively shape health vulnerability across war-affected regions. Using spatial and suitability modeling, we assessed multidimensional vulnerabilities in Ukraine during the Russian invasion, including mental health risks, environmental stressors, and infrastructure disruptions. We developed a multi-source conflict-related health impact database (February 2022-December 2023).

Tilly versus Milward: Experimental Evidence of Public Preferences for European Defense Amidst the Russian Threat.

Following the "bellicist" school of state formation, the external threat of war is expected to spur polity formation by centralizing military capacity (Tilly, in Coercion, Capital, and European States, Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1990). It has been argued that Russia's invasion of Ukraine could provide such an impetus for centralization in the EU polity (Kelemen & McNamara, Comparative Political Studies, 55(6):18-34, 2022). We adapt the Tillian argument to the era of mass democracy, where governments need citizen support.

Identification of the Mechanisms of a Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Peak Blue Shift in Magnetic Field Pretreated ZnO/Ag Nanocomposites.

Zinc oxide-based nanocomposites are of great scientific interest due to their unique optical properties, making them promising materials for applications in plasmonic and sensor systems. In this study, we pay special attention to the analysis of the magnetic field-induced blue shift of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak in ZnO/Ag nanocomposites. This phenomenon was investigated because of its unexpected manifestation in nonmagnetic semiconductor-based systems that may have a potential for developing magnetically tunable plasmonic devices.

Navigating cancer care in Ukraine: patient's coping strategies to ensure access and quality.

Purpose: This study investigates how socio-economic and healthcare factors shape the coping strategies of patients diagnosed with cancer in Ukraine, including the decision to forego treatment. The focus is on how these variables influence patients' strategies to gain access to services, ensure better treatment quality, and decrease treatment costs.

Methods: Data were collected in 2021 through structured interviews in three oncological dispensaries and an online questionnaire among patients diagnosed with cancer in Ukraine (632 patients in total).

Cardiovascular risk in axial spondyloarthritis: the interplay of inflammation, traditional risk factors, and management strategies.

Cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality pose major challenges in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA), a chronic inflammatory disorder that includes both radiographic and non-radiographic forms. Patients with AxSpA have heightened CV morbidity and mortality, mainly attributable to systemic inflammation and typical CV risk factors like hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and obesity. Subclinical atherosclerosis frequently manifests independently of conventional risk factors and is associated with indicators of disease activity and inflammatory load.

Social media landscape of rheumatology journals.

Introduction: Social media (SoMe) platforms provide ample opportunities for disseminating research results and journal updates. The presence of indexed rheumatology journals on SoMe has been scarcely explored.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the presence of mainstream rheumatology journals on key SoMe platforms and to analyze the relationship between bibliometric indicators and alternative metrics.

Tracking changes in anxiety, depression, and stress among Ukrainian university students: a three-wave study from the COVID-19 pandemic to two years of ongoing full-scale war.

Since 2020, modern youth in Ukraine have faced an exceptionally challenging period, first enduring the burdens of the COVID-19 pandemic and then being thrust into the full-scale war, characterized by persistent traumatic exposure. Given the profound and lasting psychological consequences of such crises, it is essential to monitor the long-term impact of war on youth mental health. However, despite the urgency of this issue, longitudinal studies with large, diverse samples remain scarce.

Comparing treatment outcomes of prolonged exposure therapy across trauma type and veteran status.

This retrospective cohort study evaluated the effectiveness of prolonged exposure therapy (PE) across trauma types (combat, terror, civilian) and veteran status (military veterans vs. civilians) in a real-world clinical setting. We hypothesized that individuals who experienced combat- and terror-related trauma would have higher baseline posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom scores than those who experienced civilian trauma but that PE would result in comparable symptom reductions across all groups.

Key considerations and recommendations for recruiting older adults in physical activity studies.

Background: Despite substantial evidence supporting the benefits of physical activity (PA) for older adults, participation rates remain low due to physical, psychological, social, and institutional barriers. Recruiting older adults for PA studies thus presents significant challenges, particularly for socially vulnerable populations and those facing digital literacy limitations in technology-assisted PA interventions. The present study aimed to articulate and establish a consensus among multidisciplinary and multinational PA experts regarding key considerations and requirements for designing and implementing recruitment of older adults for PA studies.

Deep hierarchical subtyping of multi-organ systemic sclerosis trajectories - a EUSTAR study.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease with multi-organ involvement. Historically, SSc classification has focused on the type of skin involvement (limited versus diffuse); however, a growing evidence of organ-specific variability suggests the presence of more than two distinct subtypes. We propose a semi-supervised generative deep learning framework leveraging expert-driven definitions of organ-specific involvement and severity.

Towards consensus: The need for standardised definitions in Long (post) COVID care in 34 European countries.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted global healthcare systems, leading to challenges in managing Long COVID. Variations in definitions and diagnostic criteria across Europe hinder recognition and treatment efforts. This study aims to analyse and compare the definitions of Long COVID used in 34 European countries.

Potential Application of Carbon Dots for Sustainable Agriculture: Current Challenges and Future Prospects.

The depletion of arable land, water scarcity, frequent climate fluctuations, the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, inefficiencies in pesticide usage, and the Ukraine-Russia conflict, which disrupted global supplies of fertilisers, have collectively heightened crop strain and reduced agricultural productivity. In this regard, to overcome these agriculture problems, adopting a sustainable approach for agricultural production plays a significant role in ensuring global food security. Carbon dots, a novel member of the carbon-based nanomaterial's family with extraordinary properties such as chemical stability, water solubility, low cytotoxicity, small size, biocompatibility, and photoluminescence, have recently attracted attention in agriculture sectors.

New ESIPT-Dyes of Record Capacity to Fluorescence Detection of H-Bond Donor and Acceptor Molecules, Including Local Water Concentration.

5-Substituted 3-hydroxychromones (3-HCs) are challenging to synthesize but are of significant interest as fluorescent labels. This is primarily due to the pronounced modulation of their fluorescence by surrounding molecules, a consequence of the 5-substituent's proximity to the negative pole of the molecular dipole. The newly synthesized derivatives of 3-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-5-carboxylic acid exhibit unique fluorescence behaviors.

Durvalumab Plus Platinum-Etoposide in Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Outcomes in Age, Sex, and Platinum Subgroups From the Phase 3 CASPIAN Study.

Introduction: In the phase 3 CASPIAN study, first-line durvalumab plus etoposide combined with either carboplatin or cisplatin (EP) significantly improved overall survival (OS) versus EP alone in treatment-naïve extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). We report exploratory subgroup analyses from CASPIAN.

Methods: Patients with untreated ES-SCLC were randomized to durvalumab plus EP or EP alone.

Stochastic modelling of delays and buffering in 5G-IoT ecosystems with programmable P4 switches based on BMAP.

This study presents a hybrid stochastic model for evaluating delays and buffering in 5G-IoT ecosystems with programmable P4 switches, where traffic patterns exhibit strong batch-like properties. The proposed approach integrates a batch Markovian arrival process (BMAP) with a phase-type service structure and semi-Markov modelling of control-plane interactions, thereby capturing both the temporal variability of IoT traffic and the hybrid nature of routing logic. Analytical expressions for the expected processing time and queue length were derived using extended G/G/1, H₂/H₂/1, M/G/1, and M/N/1 queueing frameworks.

Increase in tuberculosis notification rates among newly arriving male Ukrainian refugees to Norway, 2022 to 2024.

The war in Ukraine has caused large population displacements. We report increasing tuberculosis (TB) notification rates among Ukrainian refugees to Norway detected through systematic screening upon arrival and driven by rates among adult males. From 2022 to 2024, there were 73 TB notifications in Ukrainians; incidence among Ukrainian men reached 248 per 100,000 in 2024.

Factors influencing United States residency interview rates among African international medical graduates.

Introduction: Securing a residency position in the United States remains a significant challenge for International Medical Graduates (IMGs), particularly those from African countries. Although African IMGs contribute to approximately 25% of the U.S.

Prevalence, patterns, correlates, and academic implications of sports betting and problem gambling among Nigerian undergraduates.

Background: Sports betting has become increasingly popular among Nigerian undergraduates, particularly males. Once a recreational activity, sports betting has now become an economic pursuit for many young students to augment income. This trend raises concerns about its potential impact on academic performance and mental health.