Building effective relationships in global surgery: an exploratory qualitative study.

Background: The rise in malignant hepatopancreatobiliary tumors disproportionately affects low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to systemic challenges. In 2023, the International Hepatopancreatobiliary Association (IHPBA) launched a relationship-building initiative to mitigate outcome disparities by increasing capacity and quality. This study aimed to understand the dynamics and value of such collaborations.

The effect of behavioral rehearsal in the training of clinical psychology students in cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The present study investigated the effects of including behavioural rehearsal (i.e., expert demonstration followed by role-playing treatment components) in the training of clinical psychology students in cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder.

Regular Physical Activity is Associated with Slower Age-Related Iohexol Clearance Decline in the General Population Without Diabetes.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence is rising globally due to an aging population. The role of physical activity (PA) in slowing age-related kidney function decline in the general population remains undecided.

Methods: In the longitudinal Renal Iohexol Clearance Survey (RENIS) cohort, we investigated 1837 individuals without self-reported diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or kidney disease at baseline.

General Counselling and Evidence-Based Interventions in Norwegian Child Welfare and Protection Services: A Study of Practices and Perceptions.

Purpose: This study investigates the utilization and perceptions of general counseling and evidence-based parenting programs within Norway's Child Welfare and Protection Services (CWPS). It aims to explore the interventions employed, their justifications, and the attitudes of CWPS workers.

Materials And Methods: The study combines results from two studies, a cross-sectional case file study ( = 1,365) and a survey of CWPS workers ( = 240).

"I hope to get some hope": balancing expectations, hope, and acceptance in naturally occurring consultations without a medical diagnosis.

Background: Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) is a prevalent condition often lacking clear biomedical explanations, leading to frustration for both clinicians and patients. The uncertainty surrounding CMP deeply affects the dynamics of clinical consultations.

Aim: This study investigates how clinicians and patients navigate expectations and uncertainty in CMP consultations, focusing on the interplay between hope and acceptance.

The Indo-European Cognate Relationships dataset.

The Indo-European Cognate Relationships (IE-CoR) dataset is an open-access relational dataset showing how related, inherited words ('cognates') pattern across 160 languages of the Indo-European family. IE-CoR is intended as a benchmark dataset for computational research into the evolution of the Indo-European languages. It is structured around 170 reference meanings in core lexicon, and contains 25731 lexeme entries, analysed into 4981 cognate sets.

New arenas of inclusion: experiences of individuals with intellectual disability employed in higher education.

Introduction: Prior studies have found that people with intellectual disabilities (ID) often experience being excluded from important parts of society, and unemployment and lack of social connections may severely negatively impact quality of life for people with ID.

Methods: Five persons with ID participating in a project at a Norwegian University were interviewed, with a particular emphasis on how they experienced social inclusion at this non-sheltered work environment. The participants also worked in a sheltered environment.

Detection and characterisation of ligand-induced conformational changes in acetylcholine binding proteins using biosensors and X-ray crystallography.

Analysis of ligand-induced structural changes in proteins is challenging due to the lack of experimental methods suited for detection and characterisation of both ligand binding and induced structural changes. We have explored biosensors with different detection principles to study interactions between ligands and acetylcholine binding proteins (AChBPs), soluble homologues of Cys-loop ligand gated ion channels (LGICs) that undergo similar structural changes as LGICs upon ligand binding. X-ray crystallography was used to identify binding sites and establish if the detected conformational changes involved small changes in loop C or major structural changes in the pentamer associated with ion channel opening.

Does tobacco use influence bone mineral density levels in a Norwegian youth cohort followed from adolescence to young adulthood? The Fit Futures Study (2010-2022).

Objectives: To investigate the longitudinal associations between tobacco use (smoking and snuff) and bone mineral density (BMD) at femoral sites and in the total body in a Norwegian adolescent cohort, aged 16-27 years.

Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Setting: A population-based study in Norwegian adolescents from the general population.

Physiology of atmospheric methane-oxidizing bacteria.

The biological sink for atmospheric methane consists of atmospheric methane-oxidizing bacteria (atmMOB) that persistently oxidize atmospheric methane as carbon and energy source and conventional methanotrophs that transiently oxidize atmospheric methane after exposure to elevated methane concentrations. The ecology and environmental activity of atmMOB have been studied for several decades, but until the first detailed characterization in 2019 of an atmMOB in pure culture that can grow with air as the sole energy (methane, carbon monoxide and molecular hydrogen) and carbon (methane and carbon dioxide) source, their physiology was mostly unexplored. Here we summarize the available knowledge about atmMOB physiology, including the kinetics of atmospheric methane oxidation, energy yields during growth on methane and other trace gases from air, carbon assimilation and physiological diversity.

Environmental impact of food consumption and sociodemographic factors in Northern Norway through an intersectional lens: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Food systems contribute significantly to environmental degradation. The interplay of sociodemographic factors influences food choices and thus, the environmental impacts of diet. This study investigated the environmental impact of food consumption in Northern Norway, focusing on intersectional dynamics.

Sacubitril-Valsartan and Prevention of Cardiac Dysfunction During Adjuvant Breast Cancer Therapy: The PRADA II Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Anthracycline- and trastuzumab-associated cardiotoxicity may lead to cardiac dysfunction and dose reduction or halt in potentially life-saving adjuvant cancer therapy. Whether angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors can prevent cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction and injury remains to be established.

Methods: PRADA II was a randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, double-blind multicenter trial conducted at 4 academic medical centers in Norway that evaluated the cardioprotective effect of sacubitril-valsartan vs.

Disparities between two possible thresholds for frequent contacts to a Norwegian emergency medical communication centre: ≥5 contacts in one month vs. ≥12 contacts in three months.

Background: Frequent callers are described as a challenge for Emergency Medical Services (EMS) across international contexts, but the terminology, definitions, and frequency vary. Until 2023, the UK’s Frequent Caller National Network (FreCaNN) definition was ≥ 5 incidents in one month or ≥ 12 incidents in three months. In this study we applied that definition to compare the two possible thresholds independently on data from Norway’s largest Emergency Medical Communication Centre (EMCC).

Executive Functions and Reading Skills in Low-Risk Preterm Children.

Previous research with extremely and very preterm children indicates that these children obtain significantly lower results in executive functions (EFs) and in reading skills than full-term (FT) children. The comparison results do not seem to be so clear when other PT children in lower-risk conditions are studied. Many studies with typically developing and preterm (PT) children indicate that reading ability is determined, in part, by EFs.

The Link Between Mate Value Discrepancy and Relationship Satisfaction-An Empirical Examination Using Response Surface Analysis.

Existing studies on mate value discrepancy and relationship satisfaction often suffer from two key limitations: they conceptualize mate value as a single, undifferentiated construct and rely on simple difference scores to model discrepancy effects. The present study addresses these issues by examining the relationship between mate value discrepancy and relationship satisfaction using a multidimensional operationalization of mate value and applying response surface analysis. Data were collected in 2016 in Norway via a web-based survey administered by a market research company, with a sample stratified across the country's 19 counties.

The "SleepWell" intervention for patients with insomnia and persistent pain: a study protocol for a randomised waiting-list controlled trial of a cognitive behavioural group therapy programme.

Background: Patients with persistent pain and comorbid insomnia often experience a dual burden with significant day- and nighttime impairments. This comorbidity is associated with health problems like depression and a self-perpetuating vicious circle in which pain and insomnia symptoms mutually reinforce each other. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-i) has demonstrated efficacy in facilitating the behavioural and psychological changes necessary to improve sleep.

Association between alcohol consumption and carotid atherosclerosis in Russia.

The relationship between alcohol consumption levels and carotid atherosclerosis remains controversial. We investigated this association in 2357 general population participants and 272 in-patients treated for alcohol-related disorders (narcology patients) aged 35-69 years in Arkhangelsk, Russia (Know Your Heart study, 2015-2017). Participants were categorized as non-drinking, non-problem drinking, hazardous drinking, harmful drinking, and narcology patients.

Light-Induced Persistent Electronic Chirality in Achiral Molecules Probed with Time-Resolved Electronic Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy.

Chiral systems exhibit unique properties traditionally linked to their asymmetric spatial arrangement. Recently, multiple laser pulses were shown to induce purely electronic chiral states without altering the nuclear configuration. Here, we propose and numerically demonstrate a simpler realization of light-induced electronic chirality that is long-lived and occurs well before the onset of nuclear motion and decoherence.

Patients' Experiences with an Interdisciplinary Team Assessment of Chronic Pain: A Qualitative Interview Study.

Background: Chronic pain is a widespread issue, and it is important to find interventions that are effective and valued by patients. At the study hospital, an interdisciplinary approach is often used, involving an assessment by a psychologist, physiotherapist, and doctor. We wanted to examine patients' experiences with this interdisciplinary approach.

Sami patients in northern Norway experience longer symptoms duration before psoriatic arthritis diagnosis and have more axial involvement.

Objectives: To compare Sami and non-Sami patients with PsA in northern Norway, where both the human antigen HLA-B27 and psoriasis are prevalent, particularly among the Sami population.

Methods: A total of 536 adult PsA patients were recruited from the Norwegian Arthritis Registry and hospitals in northern Norway. All participants met the Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis.

Impact of clinical pharmacist involvement on emergency department physicians' work-time distribution: a comparative analysis.

Background: Emergency departments (EDs) provide urgent care to diverse patients. Medication-related tasks, crucial for safe diagnosis and treatment, often receive inadequate attention. Clinical pharmacists, experts in medication management, can improve outcomes and reduce costs.

Incidence and outcome of sudden severe headache in the emergency department.

Objective: To assess the incidence, diagnostic yield, discharge diagnoses, and outcome of patients admitted to a district teaching hospital with sudden onset severe headache, and to evaluate the diagnostic processes for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and if this has changed over the past years.

Background: Headache is a common presentation in the emergency department, yet there are limited data on patients presenting with sudden onset severe headache, a subgroup of headache that may indicate subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective observational cohort study conducted at Nordland Hospital Trust.

A Cross-Sectional Comparison of Annual Training Characteristics Between Junior, Developmental, and Elite-Level Biathletes.

Purpose: To compare annual training characteristics and periodization of physical training and shooting between junior, developmental, and elite-level biathletes.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional design was used to compare 24 biathletes (12 women) equally distributed across the Norwegian junior (JUN, 20.3 [1.

Domain-Specific Pretraining of NorDeClin-Bidirectional Encoder Representations From Transformers for Code Prediction in Norwegian Clinical Texts: Model Development and Evaluation Study.

Background: Accurately assigning ICD-10 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision) codes is critical for clinical documentation, reimbursement processes, epidemiological studies, and health care planning. Manual coding is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to errors, underscoring the need for automated solutions within the Norwegian health care system. Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) and transformer-based language models have shown promising results in automating ICD (International Classification of Diseases) coding in several languages.