UNet with Attention Networks: A Novel Deep Learning Approach for DNA Methylation Prediction in HeLa Cells.

: The purpose of the proposed study is to investigate the efficacy of UNet in predicting Deoxyribonucleic Acid methylation patterns in a cervical cancer cell line. The application of deep learning to analyse the factors affecting methylation in the context of cervical cancer has not yet been fully explored. : A comprehensive performance evaluation has been conducted based on multiple window sizes of DNA sequences.

Engrafted nitrergic neurons derived from hPSCs improve gut dysmotility in mice.

Gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders represent a major medical challenge, with few effective therapies available. These disorders often result from dysfunction of inhibitory nitric oxide (NO)-producing motor neurons in the enteric nervous system, which are essential for regulating gut motility. Loss or dysfunction of NO neurons is linked to severe conditions, including achalasia, gastroparesis, intestinal pseudo-obstruction and chronic constipation.

Endoscopic resection: A novel approach for treating oesophageal gastrointestinal stromal tumours.

In this letter, a commentary on the article by Xu has been provided. Gastrointestinal stomal tumours (GISTs) are rare tumours that originate commonly in stomach (60%-70%) and small intestine (30%-40%). The course of treatment especially oesophageal GIST is very complex and hard to diagnose because of limited availability of pathological and clinical data.

Modulation of hIAPP Fibrillation by Rationally Designed Hexapeptides Revealed by Molecular Dynamics and Experimental Investigations.

The misfolding and aggregation of 37-residue neuropancreatic hormone hIAPP (human islet amyloid polypeptide) to cytotoxic aggregates comprising oligomers, protofibrils, and mature fibrils have been linked to the pathogenesis of T2D (type 2 diabetes). Scrocchi et al. (J.

Impact of genetic variants in the MMP and ADAM genes towards chronic obstructive pulmonary disease susceptibility and lung function in the North Indian population.

Background-: Chronic Obstructive (COPD)pulmonary disease is a significant global health concern, increasingly linked to genetic factors. Airway remodelling in COPD is associated with ADAM33 and MMPs.

Methods-: This study selected SNPs in the protease pathway to evaluate their impact on COPD.

Deep eutectic solvent-assisted carbon quantum dots for nanomolar detection of 4-nitrophenol.

4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) is a toxic, persistent, and carcinogenic pollutant, classified by the U.S. EPA as a primary contaminant.

In vitro assessment of polyethylene glycol-coated iron oxide nanoparticles integrating luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone targeted magnetic hyperthermia and doxorubicin for lung and breast cancer cells.

Magnetic nanoparticle-based targeted hyperthermia, combined with chemotherapy, is a promising approach for cancer treatment. In this study, a targeted magnetic drug delivery system was developed, comprising doxorubicin (DOX), a [D-Trp6] luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) (Triptorelin) ligand, and a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated magnetite core, aiming to enhance cancer therapy efficacy. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the conjugation of LHRH onto the PEG-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles.

Optimized breast cancer diagnosis using self-adaptive quantum metaheuristic feature selection.

Breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality among women and is increasing rapidly around the world. For early diagnosis of breast cancer, precise classification, and finding the best subset for cancer identification, evolutionary-based feature selection methods play a vital role in effective treatment. Previous studies have shown that existing evolutionary methods are complicated in correctly differentiating BC disease subtypes with high consistency, which seriously affects the performance of classification methods.

Crystal structure and molecular dynamics simulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis MaoC-like dehydratase HtdX provide insights into substrate binding and membrane interactions.

The growing challenge of drug resistance has intensified the search for new therapeutic targets against the virulent pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The complex cell envelope of Mtb contains unique lipids, such as mycolic acids, which contribute to its survival under hostile conditions. While modern drugs like isoniazid inhibit mycolic acid biosynthesis through the fatty acid synthase II (FAS II) complex, alternative bypass pathways may facilitate the emergence of drug resistance.

Endophytic Diaporthe citrichinensis as a new source to alleviate post-harvest fungal infections in apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.).

After harvesting, Apple is susceptible to being attacked by various fungal pathogens, rendering it unconsumable and further reducing its commercial value. To mitigate these losses, biocontrol strategies utilizing endophytic fungi are gaining momentum as effective alternatives to synthetic fungicides. In the present study, 155 endophytic fungi were isolated from various parts of Malus x domestica Borkh.

Reduction of alkalinity and establishment of vegetation on bauxite residue using and different amendments.

Bauxite residue (red mud) is a by-product generated in huge quantities from alumina industries with serious environmental issues due to its strong alkalinity, sodicity and salinity. In the present study, an attempt has been made to establish the growth of Bermuda grass ( using and various soil amendments such as 10% (w/w) fly ash, sewage sludge, garden soil and 2% of gypsum (CaSO) in bauxite residue. is able to produce different organic acids in response to bauxite residue.

Therapeutic approach for triple-negative breast Cancer through poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 inhibitors: Current update.

Breast cancer is a dangerous disease that is common worldwide. It comprises 25 % of all women's cancers and 12 % of all new cancer cases diagnosed. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a specific subtype of breast cancer that lacks the expression for three targetable biomarkers: estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor 2 receptor (HER2).

Pigments to precision: RUBY aiding genetic transformation and genome editing in wheat and barley.

Unlabelled: Genetic engineering of wheat is complex due to its large genome size, the presence of numerous genes with high sequence similarities, and a multitude of repetitive elements. In addition, genetic transformation of wheat has been difficult, mainly due to poor regeneration in tissue cultures. Recent advances in plant biotechnology, particularly the use of the regenerative genes GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR () and GRF-INTERACTING FACTOR (), have provided new tools for wheat transformation and regeneration.

4D Printing with Liquid Crystal Elastomers: Materials, Methods, and Emerging Applications.

4D printing represents a transformative leap in material science, enabling the fabrication of smart materials that change shape, properties, or functions over time in response to stimuli like heat, light, or magnetic fields. Among these, liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) stand out due to their unique combination of liquid crystalline order and polymer elasticity. This fusion enables LCEs to undergo large, reversible shape changes, making them ideal for applications in soft robotics, biomedical devices, sensors, and adaptive optics.

Experimental analysis of metamaterial integrated applicator for hyperthermia cancer treatment.

A metamaterial integrated applicator operating at 2.45 GHz has been developed for focused heating in clinical hyperthermia applications, effectively heating tumors while minimizing surface hot spots. This innovative applicator combines a double spiral antenna (DSA) for energy delivery, a spiral frequency selective surface (SFSS) for focused energy distribution, and an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) as a reflector to enhance penetration and uniformity.

AdapTree: Data-Driven Approach to Assessing Plant Stress Through the AI-Sensor Synergy.

This study investigates plant stress assessment by integrating advanced sensor technologies and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Multi-sensor data-including electrical impedance spectroscopy, temperature, and humidity-were used to capture plant physiological responses under environmental stress conditions. The key task addressed was the prediction of stress-related parameters using machine learning.

Biomimetic Computing for Efficient Spoken Language Identification.

Spoken Language Identification (SLID)-based applications have become increasingly important in everyday life, driven by advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning. Multilingual countries utilize the SLID method to facilitate speech detection. This is accomplished by determining the language of the spoken parts using language recognizers.

Promising pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of a novel tetrapeptide isolated from endophytic Fusarium incarnatum.

Pancreatic lipase (PL) is the major enzyme which is required for assimilation of fats during metabolism. It has a dominant role in diet induced obesity. Bioassay guided fractionation of the culture broth of the endophytic fungus, Fusarium incarnatum and subsequent column purification of bioactive aqueous fraction revealed a novel tetrapeptide, 11-amino-2,5,8-triethoxy-4,7,10-trioxo-12-oxa-3,6,9-triazatetradecanoic acid (compound 1) which exhibited a remarkable potential to inhibit PL with IC of 2.

Design and development of ISFET-based portable microalgal biosensor using Chlorella sp. for the detection of organophosphorus pesticide.

The study is focused on fabricating a portable potentiometric biosensor using Chlorella sp. immobilized on TaO Ion-Sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET) for detecting organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs). The developed biosensor detection mechanism is based on pesticide-induced inhibition of alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity, with a change in ascorbic acid production as a product signal.

Regulating aggregation of an intrinsically disordered chaperone-like casein.

Protein aggregation involving the conversion of soluble protein monomers into insoluble aggregates is prevalent in human diseases, food processing, food formulations, biotechnology-based therapeutics, etc. Molecular chaperones are typically globular proteins that regulate protein folding and aggregation. However, a unique chaperone-like milk protein namely, β-casein, is intrinsically disordered and prone to aggregation under physiological conditions.

Comparable hepatocellular metabolomic signatures under glucose and palmitic acid treatment relative to butyrate in relation to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.

Introduction: Among the dietary factors, glucose, and fatty acids are known to trigger fatty liver disease, while butyrate attenuates steatosis.

Objective: To decipher the hepatocellular altered metabolome under nutrient perturbation relevant to fatty liver disease.

Methods: HepG2 cells were cultured under the influence of sub-lethal doses of glucose, palmitic acid (PA), and butyrate.

Development of 3D Intelligent Quantitative Phase Microscope for Sickle Cells Screening.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic blood disorder causing red blood cells to deform into a sickle shape, often leading to misdiagnosis. Early detection is crucial, but traditional screening is slow and labor-intensive. This paper introduces an intelligent microscope system for automated SCD screening, reducing manual intervention.

Innovative use of immobilized zinc oxide-impregnated activated carbon (ZnO@CB) for effective treatment of leachate: modeling and predictive assessment.

This study examined the viability of column method utilizing the immobilized zinc oxide-loaded activated carbon obtained from corncob (ZnO@CB) to treat the landfill leachate. Instrumental techniques like BET, FTIR, SEM-EDX, and XRD were applied for the characterization of the adsorbents. The break through curve (BTC) was evaluated by altering the flow rate, bed height, and initial concentration of NH-N and COD.

Insight into interplay between bandstructure and Coulomb interaction via quasiparticle interference.

Quasiparticle interference has been used frequently for the purpose of unraveling the electronic states in the vicinity of the Fermi level as well as the nature of the superconducting gap in the unconventional superconductors. Using the metallic spin-density wave state of iron pnictides as an example, we demonstrate that the quasiparticle interference (QPI) can also be used as a probe to provide crucial insight into the interplay of the electronic bandstructure and correlation effects in addition to bringing forth the essential features of electronic states in the vicinity of the Fermi level. Our study reveals that the features of QPI pattern can help us narrow down the interaction parameter window and choose a more realistic tight-binding model.

Influence of pumpkin () flour on the physicochemical, functional, and sensory properties of multigrain gluten-free chapati.

This study investigated the incorporation of whole pumpkin flour from Punjab Samrat and B-10-224-3 cultivars into gluten-free chapatis (Indian flatbread) formulated with maize, soybean, and pearl millet. Proximate analysis identified Punjab Samrat as superior in protein (7.38%), fat (17.