Guselkumab for Psoriasis in Patients With Active or Prior Malignancy: A Multicentre Retrospective Study.

Managing moderate-to-severe psoriasis in patients with current or past malignancy remains a therapeutic challenge. We conducted a multicentre, retrospective real-world study to assess the safety and effectiveness of guselkumab in this complex population. Thirty patients were included, of whom 11 had active cancer at the time of guselkumab initiation.

The Tubotomaculum Enigma and the Rise of Benthic Life During the Opening of the Western Mediterranean Basin.

Large-scale geological processes shape microbial habitats and drive the evolution of life on Earth. During the Oligocene, convergence between Africa and Europe led to the opening of the Western Mediterranean Basin, a deep-ocean system characterized by fluid venting, oxygen depletion, and the absence of benthic fauna. In this extreme, inhospitable seafloor environment, fusiform objects known as Tubotomaculum formed, whose origin has long remained controversial.

Restoration of the lamina propria duodenal immune infiltrate in gluten-free diet treated coeliac patients despite persistent villous atrophy.

Introduction: Although Coeliac disease (CD) current and only treatment is a life-long strict gluten free diet (GFD), some patients suffer from persistent duodenal lesions despite years into the diet. Hence, we aimed to study the effect that the GFD elicits on the mucosal immune infiltrate from these patients.

Method: To that end, duodenal biopsies were collected from non-coeliac controls and CD patients, both at diagnosis and after at least one year into the GFD.

Prospects and perils in the geospatial turn of conservation.

Conservation has embraced advances in big data and related digital technologies as key to preventing biodiversity loss, especially in the identification of areas of conservation priority based on spatial data, which we call the big geospatial data turn. This turn has led to the proliferation of useful methods and tools, including global geospatial maps. But these methods may also undermine moves toward rights-based and inclusive conservation approaches that consider plural values and perspectives.

Myocardial Infarction With Non-obstructive Coronary Arteries in a Nigerian Middle-Aged Woman: A Case Report.

Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is a group of heterogeneous diseases with different pathological mechanisms. It is often under-recognized because of its diverse differential diagnoses like myocarditis, takotsubo cardiomyopathy, spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), coronary microvascular dysfunction, vasospasm, coronary erosion, and embolism. Evaluation with multimodality imaging including intravascular coronary imaging and cardiac magnetic resonance is often necessary to determine the underlying etiology and management.

Assessing the Potential of Generative Artificial Intelligence Models to Assist Experts in the Development of Pharmacokinetic Models.

Purpose: This study explores the potential of generative AI models to aid experts in developing scripts for pharmacokinetic (PK) models, with a focus on constructing a two-compartment population PK model using data from Hosseini et al.

Methods: Generative AI tools ChatGPT v3.5, Gemini v2.

Intraarticular osteotomy for adult Madelung deformity: Case report.

Madelung deformity is a hemi-epiphyseal dysplasia of the radioulnar axis. The prominent feature is radial deformity secondary to premature closure of the volar-ulnar side of the distal radial physics. The distal radius is malaligned with excessive ulnar and volar tilt, shortening and concomitant ulna plus deformity.

Estimated cost-savings from integrated care for HIV, diabetes and hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa: a cost-minimisation analysis.

Background: In a cluster-randomised trial in Uganda and Tanzania, we showed that integrated management, compared with standard vertical care, could achieve a high standard of care for diabetes and hypertension without adversely affecting outcomes for HIV. However, evidence on the value for money of integrated care is needed to inform policy.

Objective: Our economic evaluation aimed to establish the value for money of integrated care compared with vertical care for HIV, diabetes and hypertension.

Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Other Liver-Related Events in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction or Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We aimed to study risk factors for HCC and to assess the performance of the PAGE-B score in this population.

Methods: We included CHB patients with ≥ 1 metabolic comorbidity from nine centres.

Bioorthogonal Photoactivation of 2-Nitrobenzyl Caged Doxorubicin Anticancer Prodrugs on Gold Nanostars.

Bioorthogonal chemistry that can be controlled through near-infrared (NIR) light is a promising route to therapeutics. This study proposes a method to intracellularly photoactivate prodrugs using plasmonic gold nanostars (AuNSt) and NIR irradiation. Two strategies are followed.

Low Frequency of Dementia with Lewy Bodies Diagnosis in a Colombian Memory Clinic.

Background: The global burden of dementia is increasing, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common neurodegenerative dementia but remains underreported and frequently misdiagnosed. Its prevalence in Latin America is largely unknown.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hearing Loss: A Prisma Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between type 2 diabetes and hearing loss.

Data Sources: Search conducted in PubMed and Scopus databases for articles published between January 2019 and April 2024.

Review Methods: Quality assessment and risk of bias analysis were conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, and meta-analyses of pooled data were performed with Cochrane's Review Manager.

Factors Associated with Delayed Graft Function and Renal Graft Survival from Donors after Controlled Cardiac Death.

Background: Delayed graft function is a common situation that leads to increased long-term rates of graft rejection and loss. It is seen increasingly more often, as the use of kidneys from donors after controlled cardiac death has become more widespread. This study aimed to identify factors contributing to its onset and determine how these factors may influence graft survival.

Maternal Intake of Sugar- and Artificially Sweetened Beverages and Outcomes of Assisted Reproduction: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To evaluate whether maternal intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and artificially sweetened beverages (ASB) affects medically assisted reproduction outcomes (MAR).

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Settings: Fertility centre at an academic hospital.

Cardiac rehabilitation for workers with ischemic heart disease: Benefits for cardiovascular health and quality of life.

Cardiac rehabilitation programs (CRPs) are multifactorial interventions defined by the World Health Organization as essential strategies to improve patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) by enhancing their physical, psychological, social, and occupational well-being. These programs are a cornerstone in the comprehensive treatment of heart disease, facilitating the recovery of functional capacity and reintegration into the workforce through a multidisciplinary approach. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of CRPs in enhancing functional capacity (cardiac and psychological) and HRQoL in workers with ischemic heart disease.

Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae accumulate bioactive compounds that modulate antioxidant activity when reared with bioactive agrifood by-products.

The effect of feeding Hermetia illucens larvae (black soldier fly, BSFL) with by-products from olive oil (dry olive leaves, OL; full-fat dry olive pomace, OP) or quinoa (quinoa husk, QH) on the bioaccumulation of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of the meals was evaluated. Diets were formulated with different percentages of inclusion (OL15, OL30, OL50; OP30, OP50, OP70, OP90; QH15, QH30, QH50). Antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS methods), total phenolic compounds (TPC), targeted bioactive compounds analysis, and estimation of efficiency of bioaccumulation (EB) were performed, and compared to the experimental substrates.

Effectiveness of an Online Training Program on Brief Tobacco Intervention (BTI) for Nurses: A Quasi-Experimental Study. The E-Learning BTI Project.

Introduction: Smoking is the leading cause of preventable deaths. The training of professionals on brief tobacco interventions (BTIs) increases the effectiveness of these interventions.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of an online training program on BTI based on the 5As and 5Rs model in acquiring anti-tobacco brief advice competencies among nurses.

Recent advances in neuroimaging of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

This review covers recent advances (2023-2024) in neuroimaging research into the pathophysiology, progression, and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD). Despite the rapid emergence of blood-based biomarkers, neuroimaging continues to be a vital area of research in ADRD. Here, we discuss neuroimaging as a powerful tool to topographically visualize and quantify amyloid, tau, neurodegeneration, inflammation, and vascular disease in the brain.

Assessing alternative strategies to control almond red leaf blotch through the reduction of Polystigma amygdalinum inoculum in leaf litter.

Background: Red leaf blotch (RLB), caused by Polystigma amygdalinum, is a major foliar disease of almond trees in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern regions. While preventive fungicide applications are the main control strategy, cultural practices aimed at reducing pathogen inoculum in leaf litter are gaining relevance. This study evaluated the efficacy of four chemical treatments on fungal biomass and ascospore production in leaf litter and assessed the impact of two cultural practices-urea application and leaf litter removal-on airborne inoculum levels and disease incidence under field conditions.

Development of an hybridization assay for the diagnosis of infections of veterinary importance.

Mycobacteria ( family) comprise five genera (, , , , and ), which include relevant animal and human pathogens. Histology is a rapid method for preemptively diagnosing mycobacteriosis, contributing to surveillance, control, and eradication. A constraint on histology is the limited sensitivity and specificity of acid-fast stains, as the number of detectable bacilli in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue varies and other microorganisms are acid-fast positive.

Malaria amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Gabon: an application of autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models within an interrupted time series (ITS) framework to hospital-based data.

Background: Coinciding with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, malaria cases and malaria-related deaths increased globally between 2020 and 2022. However, evidence linking the pandemic to increased malaria burden remains ambiguous. We assessed the extent to which an observed malaria resurgence in Lambaréné, Gabon, can be associated with pandemic-related disruptions in malaria control programmes.

The impact of an extinction reminder on AAB renewal is sensitive to the level of association with extinction.

An experiment using a predictive learning task with college students evaluated the impact of a stimulus associated with extinction on an AAB renewal design. Four groups of participants learned a specific relationship between two cues (X and Y) and two outcomes (O1 and O2) in Context A during the first phase. Subsequently, both cues were subjected to extinction in the same Context A.

Brain-penetrating peptide and antibody radioligands for proof-of-concept PET imaging of fibrin in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasingly recognized as a multifactorial disorder with vascular contributions, including a pro-coagulant state marked by fibrin deposition in the brain. Fibrin accumulation may exacerbate cerebral hypoperfusion and neuroinflammation, leading to neurodegeneration. Identifying patients with this pathology could enable targeted anticoagulant therapy.