Real-world data analysis of survival outcomes of patients with primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma treated with immunochemotherapy: the role of consolidative radiation therapy.

Purpose: Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is a rare subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Radiation therapy (RT) has served as the primary treatment option for PMBCL; however, its role has been questioned with the advent of intensified immunochemotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the role of consolidative RT in the primary treatment of PMBCL.

Polygenic overlap between subjective well-being and psychiatric disorders and cross-ancestry validation.

Subjective well-being (SWB) is important for understanding human behaviour and health. Although the connection between SWB and psychiatric disorders has been studied, common genetic mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the genetic relationship between SWB and psychiatric disorders.

Environmental Protective and Risk Factors for Gastric Cancer: An Umbrella Review and Reanalysis of Meta-Analyses.

Purpose: Despite extensive research on gastric cancer (GC), efforts to consolidate the numerous associations between possible factors and GC risk remain lacking. This systematic review aimed to provide an overview of potential GC-associated pairs.

Materials And Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases, from their inception to April 23, 2022, for eligible systematic reviews and meta-analyses to investigate the association between any possible factors and GC risk.

Addressing overfitting bias due to sample overlap in polygenic risk scoring.

Introduction: Numerous studies on Alzheimer's disease polygenic risk scores (PRSs) overlook sample overlap between International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (IGAP) and target datasets like Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).

Methods: To address this, we developed overlap-adjusted PRS (OA PRS) and tested it on simulated data to assess biases from different scenarios by varying training, testing, and overlap proportions. OA PRS was used to adjust for sample bias in simulations; then, we applied OA PRS to IGAP and ADNI datasets and validated through visual diagnosis.

Spatiotemporal molecular tracing of ultralow-volume biofluids via a soft skin-adaptive optical monolithic patch sensor.

Molecular tracing of extremely low amounts of biofluids is vital for precise diagnostic analysis. Although optical nanosensors for real-time spatiotemporal molecular tracing exist, integrating them into simple devices that capture low-volume fluids on rough, dynamic surfaces remains challenging. We present a bioinspired 3D microstructured patch monolithically integrated with optical nanosensors (3D MIN) for real-time, multivariate molecular tracing of ultralow-volume fluids.

Impact of steatotic liver disease categories on atrial fibrillation in type 2 diabetes: a nationwide study.

This study aims to investigate the incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) across different categories of steatotic liver disease (SLD). Using a health examination database between 2009 and 2012, this study included 2,480,880 patients. Participants were categorized into five groups based on hepatic steatosis (fatty liver index ≥ 60), cardiometabolic risk factors, and alcohol consumption.

Home-Based Telerehabilitation to Prevent Post-Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy Regression in Unilateral Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Aims: To determine the potential of low-end high-intensity home-based hand-arm bimanual intensive therapy (H-HABIT) in mitigating post-modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) regression in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP).

Methods: Twenty-two children (aged 4-12 years) with UCP were assigned to either the experimental ( = 12) or control group ( = 10). Both groups completed 30 h of mCIMT for three weeks, followed by 30 h of H-HABIT for five weeks in the experimental group and none in the control group.

Elevated triglyceride-glucose index is a risk factor for cardiovascular events in adults with type 1 diabetes: a cohort study.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is recognized as an indicator of insulin resistance and is linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, its utility in patients with Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) has not been studied.

Methods: In this nationwide cohort study, we enrolled 14,543 patients with T1DM between 2009 and 2015, with a median follow-up duration of 7.

Rapid Recovery From SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Immunocompromised Children Despite Limited Neutralizing Antibody Response: A Virologic and Sero-Immunologic Analysis of a Single-Center Cohort.

Background: Immunocompromised (IC) pediatric patients are at increased risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, but the viral kinetics and sero-immunologic response in pediatric IC patients are not fully understood.

Methods: From April to June 2022, a prospective cohort study was conducted. IC pediatric patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were enrolled.

Robustly Repeatable, Permeable, and Multi-Axially Stretchable, Adhesive Bioelectronics With Super-adaptive Conductive Suction Cups for Continuously Deformable Biosurfaces.

Skin-integrated wearable bioelectronics offer immense potential for continuous health monitoring, diagnosis, and personalized therapy. However, robustly repeatable and permeable adhesive interfaces with omnidirectional stretchability for adaptability to continuously deforming skin surface remain a critical challenge and often results in issues such as delamination, void, and signal degradation. This study presents a highly adaptable bioelectronic device with a repeatable, robust and biocompatible adhesive interfaces designed for dynamic wet skin surfaces.

A Neuroimmune-Oncology Microphysiological Analysis Platform (NEO-MAP) for Evaluating Astrocytic Scar Formation and Microgliosis in Glioblastoma Microenvironment.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive type of brain tumor, characterized by its heterogeneity in cellular components, including reactive astrocytes and microglia. Since neuroimmune responses like astrogliosis and microgliosis gain recognition as vital factors in brain tumor progression, there is a growing need for clinically relevant models that assess the interactions between astrocytes, microglia, and GBM. Here, a NEuroimmune-Oncology Microphysiological Analysis Platform (NEO-MAP) is presented as a "new map" to observe astrocytic scar formation and microgliosis in response to GBM.

Association of optic neuritis with incident depressive disorder risk in a Korean nationwide cohort.

Studies have highlighted complex bidirectional relationships between autoimmune diseases and depressive disorders. Given that early mental health interventions have substantial public health implications, this study investigated association between optic neuritis, an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the optic nerve, and risk of developing depressive disorders. Utilizing extensive national health insurance data encompassing almost the entire Korean population, this cohort study included 11,745 patients with optic neuritis and 58,725 age- and sex- matched controls between 2010 and 2017.

Determination of the appropriate chemotherapy for patients aged 80 years or older with diffuse large B cell lymphoma.

This is a retrospective study conducted to determine whether there is an optimal regimen for elderly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. We selected patients aged 80 years or older who received the frontline chemoimmunotherapy of standard-dose rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP), reduced dose of R-CHOP (R-miniCHOP), or rituximab and bendamustine (BR). Patients with standard dose of R-CHOP presented a better overall response rate than those with R-miniCHOP ( = 0.

Prolonged Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Does not Exacerbate Tau Pathology in a Tauopathy Mouse Model.

Background: Several preclinical studies have reported elevated levels of tau following the induction of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) in Alzheimer's disease mouse models. The objective of this study was to first induce CCH in a mouse model of tauopathy over an extended period of up to 6 months and to subsequently investigate the effects of CCH on tau accumulation and alterations in the transcriptome.

Methods: Three-month-old P301S tauopathy mice were randomly allocated to either a Sham or CCH group.

Prediction of contrast-associated acute kidney injury with machine-learning in patients undergoing contrast-enhanced computed tomography in emergency department.

Radiocontrast media is a major cause of nephrotoxic acute kidney injury(AKI). Contrast-enhanced CT(CE-CT) is commonly performed in emergency departments(ED). Predicting individualized risks of contrast-associated AKI(CA-AKI) in ED patients is challenging due to a narrow time window and rapid patient turnover.

Advancing Clinical Chatbot Validation Using AI-Powered Evaluation With a New 3-Bot Evaluation System: Instrument Validation Study.

Background: The health care sector faces a projected shortfall of 10 million workers by 2030. Artificial intelligence (AI) automation in areas such as patient education and initial therapy screening presents a strategic response to mitigate this shortage and reallocate medical staff to higher-priority tasks. However, current methods of evaluating early-stage health care AI chatbots are highly limited due to safety concerns and the amount of time and effort that goes into evaluating them.

Leveraging natural language processing for efficient information extraction from breast cancer pathology reports: Single-institution study.

Background: Pathology reports provide important information for accurate diagnosis of cancer and optimal treatment decision making. In particular, breast cancer has known to be the most common cancer in women worldwide.

Objective: For the data extraction of breast cancer pathology reports in a single institute, we assessed the accuracy of methods between regular expression and natural language processing (NLP).

RA-PR058, a novel ramalin derivative, reduces BACE1 expression and phosphorylation of tau in Alzheimer's disease mouse models.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, anxiety-like behavior, β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation, and tau hyperphosphorylation. BACE1, the enzyme critical for Aβ production, has been a major therapeutic target; however, direct BACE1 inhibition has been associated with adverse side effects. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of RA-PR058, a novel ramalin derivative, as a multi-targeted modulator of AD-related pathologies.

Healthy lifestyle reduces cardiovascular risk in women with genetic predisposition to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

The genetic risk for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is linked with the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, the effects of lifestyle and metabolic syndrome on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease have not been evaluated. Here, we assess the long-term association between these factors and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in women with genetic risk for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

N-((perfluorophenyl)amino)glutamine regulates BACE1, tau phosphorylation, synaptic function, and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease models.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia. Its incidence is rising rapidly as the global population ages, leading to a significant social and economic burden. AD involves complex pathologies, including amyloid plaque accumulation, synaptic dysfunction, and neuroinflammation.

Situating the salience and parietal memory networks in the context of multiple parallel distributed networks using precision functional mapping.

Brain networks serving higher cognitive functions are widely distributed across frontal and posterior association zones. Two exceptions have been the parietal memory network (PMN) and salience network (SAL), which are typically restricted to posterior (e.g.

Real-World Utilization Patterns of Oral Corticosteroids During Pregnancy: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea.

Oral corticosteroids (OCS) are frequently used during pregnancy, but patterns of their usage and indications are understudied. We described OCS utilization among pregnant women in South Korea using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment database, 2010-2021. Among 4,574,294 pregnancies, 6.

A Novel Point-of-Care Prediction Model for Steatotic Liver Disease: Expected Role of Mass Screening in the Global Obesity Crisis.

Background/aims: The incidence of steatotic liver disease (SLD) is increasing across all age groups as the incidence of obesity increases worldwide. The existing noninvasive prediction models for SLD require laboratory tests or imaging and perform poorly in the early diagnosis of infrequently screened populations such as young adults and individuals with healthcare disparities. We developed a machine learning-based point-of-care prediction model for SLD that is readily available to the broader population with the aim of facilitating early detection and timely intervention and ultimately reducing the burden of SLD.

Uncovering potential causal genes for undiagnosed congenital anomalies using an in-house pipeline for trio-based whole-genome sequencing.

Background: Congenital anomalies (CAs) encompass a wide spectrum of structural and functional abnormalities during fetal development, commonly presenting at birth. Identifying the cause of CA is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Using a target-gene approach, genetic variants could be found in certain CA patients.

Improved Glycemic Control in Insulin-Treated Individuals With Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Through Combined Structured Education With Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring.

Background: We evaluated the efficacy of structured individualized education combined with real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rt-CGM, Dexcom G6) in improving glycemic outcomes in insulin-treated adults with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: This multicenter, 16-week, single-arm study included 66 adults with T2D (multiple daily insulin [MDI]: 33; basal insulin: 33) with a ≥7.8%.