Expanding Fentanyl Analog Testing to Include Brain Specimens: Method Validation and Homogenate Stability Assessment.

XXXXX recently added brain to its fentanyl analog testing method for 14 analogs (fluoroisobutyryl fentanyl, acetyl fentanyl, acryl fentanyl, alfentanil, butyryl fentanyl, carfentanil, fentanyl, para-fluorofentanyl, furanyl fentanyl, methoxyacetyl fentanyl, norcarfentanil, norfentanyl, sufentanil, and valeryl fentanyl) and 3 U-series drugs (U-47700, U-48800, and U-49900). Brain is a protected and isolated organ with lower metabolic activity than other tissues, which can assist in interpreting results and preserving parent drug. Limited publications testing brain samples for fentanyl and fentanyl analogs exist and none describe homogenate stability for these analytes.

Synbiotic diet produces antidepressant-like effects but alters ketamine activity in an avian model of treatment-resistant depression.

Pre- and probiotics promote a diverse and functional gut microbiota and have demonstrated both anxiolytic and antidepressant effects; however, how synbiotic diet interacts with antidepressant medications has not been fully investigated. This study sought to evaluate the potential anxiolytic or antidepressant effects of a synbiotic diet in an avian model that presents homologies with treatment-resistant depression. In addition, we sought to evaluate the potential interaction of a synbiotic diet combined with select doses of ketamine.

Beyond the Blood Cell: The Emerging Role of Cell-Free DNA in Transfusion Medicine.

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) consists of fragmented nuclear and mitochondrial DNA circulating in the bloodstream, primarily originating from hematopoietic cells. While cfDNA analysis has transformed diagnostic medicine, its presence in transfused blood products introduces emerging clinical concerns. Donor-derived cfDNA may persist in transfusion recipients and contribute to transfusion-associated microchimerism, defined as the long-term presence of donor genetic material in recipient tissues or circulation.

Engagement, Dissemination, and Implementation: A Review of the Correctional Health Studies funded by the National Institute of Health's HEAL Initiatives.

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) established the Helping to End Addiction Long-term (HEAL) Initiative, an institute-wide effort to advance scientific discovery and clinical practice in the areas of addiction and pain, with a focus on vulnerable populations. From 2018 to 2023, NIH-HEAL sponsored over 40 research programs, issuing more than 200 funding announcements that led to approximately 923 unique studies. In this paper, we focus on the NIH-HEAL studies concentrated on justice-involved populations (n=58) and two initiatives aimed at engaging stakeholders in disseminating HEAL findings.

Near and far correlates of centenarian wellbeing.

Background And Objectives: The current study's model, derived from The Developmental Model of Adaptation, investigated the associations of past influences, closeness to parents, and two assessments of current influences (religiosity and social support) on the wellbeing (depressive symptomatology and life satisfaction) of very old adults.

Research Design And Methods: Cross-sectional data came from a convenience sample of 154 cognitively intact, community-dwelling, Oklahoma centenarians. SPSS was employed to assess descriptive statistics and associations among all constructs; M was employed to test a mediational path model linking closeness to parents on life satisfaction and depressive symptomatology through religiosity and social support.

Impact of Age and Years in the Fire Service on Firefighter Health and Physical Performance Outcomes.

: Age is considered an independent cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor, but limited data exist concerning the impact of age and years in the fire service on firefighter health and physical performance. : We assessed the impact of age and years in the fire service on structural firefighter health and physical performance. 142 firefighters completed an annual clinical assessment.

Investigation of blood-brain barrier penetration and pharmacokinetics of a new formulation of cyanide antidote dimethyl trisulfide.

Objective: During cyanide poisoning, the rescue of vital organs like the brain is urgent. However, due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the currently available cyanide antidotes cannot reach the brain. Dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) is a potent cyanide antidote and has excellent BBB permeability.

Different Master Regulators Define Proximal and Distal Gastric Cancer: Insights into Prognosis and Opportunities for Targeted Therapy.

Gastric cancer (GC) represents a significant global health burden with considerable heterogeneity in clinical and molecular behavior. The anatomical site of tumor origin-proximal versus distal-has emerged as a determinant of prognosis and response to therapy. The aim of this paper is to elucidate the transcriptional and regulatory differences between proximal gastric cancer (PGC) and distal gastric cancer (DGC) through master regulator (MR) analysis.

A dive into the new psychoactive substances: a review of the use of zebrafish () as an model.

New psychoactive substances (NPS) are a broad category of drugs that pose public health risks and have poorly characterized pharmacological properties. Further studies are critical for risk assessment, toxicological profiling, and intoxication management. Human evaluations are limited by ethical and safety constraints, making animal models essential.

Eigenstate thermalization hypothesis in a quantum point contact geometry.

It is known that the long-range quantum entanglement exhibited in free fermion systems is sufficient to "thermalize" a small subsystem in that the subsystem reduced density matrix computed from a typical excited eigenstate of the combined system is approximately thermal. Remarkably, fermions without any interactions are thus thought to satisfy the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. We explore this hypothesis when the fermion subsystem is only minimally coupled to a quantum reservoir (in the form of another fermion system) through a quantum point contact (QPC).

Cause of head injury and between- and within-individual changes in impulsivity and binge drinking.

Background: Head injury (HI) is a serious public health concern related to a wide range of medical and neurobehavioral consequences, including the worsening of adolescent psychopathology and unhealthy substance use. Little is known, however, about whether causes of HI are uniquely related to between-individual differences in impulsivity and binge drinking during emerging adulthood - a life-course period characterized by risk taking behavior and substance use experimentation.

Methods: Data from an ethnically diverse longitudinal sample of Texas youth (N = 741) are analyzed to evaluate the association between self-reported cause of HI and between-individual stability in impulsivity and binge drinking, as well as within-individual changes in impulsivity and binge drinking.

Transcriptome analysis of aerotolerant and aerosensitive strains in aerobic conditions.

Aerotolerance is vital for the survival of in the food supply, but the genetic mechanisms underlying aerotolerance remain unclear. This study compares differential gene expression in one aerotolerant and one aerosensitive strain of (WP2202 and T1-21 respectively) in aerobic vs. microaerobic conditions using RNA-Seq technology.

Negative Weight Attitudes and Disordered Eating Behaviors in Hispanic Adolescents: A Descriptive Study of Gender and Weight Status Associations.

: Hispanic adolescents experience elevated rates of disordered eating behaviors and body dissatisfaction, yet limited research has examined how gender and weight status interact to shape these risks within this population. : A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 680 Hispanic adolescents (ages 9-15) from a predominantly Mexican-American middle school. Participants completed the Modified Kids Eating Disorder Survey (M-KEDS), and height and weight were objectively measured to determine BMI-for-age percentile.

Patient Room Design: Engaging Clinical Teams Through Iterative Simulation-Based Evaluation.

This study evaluated a standardized patient room designed for multiple acuity levels in a quaternary care academic medical center by actively engaging clinical teams through an iterative simulation-based evaluation process using physical mock-ups. Patient rooms are replicated multiple times in hospitals, and their design impacts patient and staff outcomes. Balancing often-conflicting needs and designing for future flexibility can be challenging.

Development of the drinking and physical activity motives scale.

Research has shown a positive relationship between alcohol use and physical activity. Although little is known about the factors that give rise to this association, evidence suggests intrinsic and extrinsic motivations underlie it. University students ( = 1691, 79% female, Age:  = 20.

Evidence Base on Outpatient Behavioral Treatments for Adolescent Substance Use, Update 2018-2023: Current Status, Best Practices, and Opportunities for Advancing the Science.

Objective: This systematic review (1) updates the evidence base on outpatient behavioral treatments for adolescent substance use (ASU) since publication of the previous review completed for this journal by Hogue, Henderson, Becker, and Knight (2018); and (2) addresses public health concerns related to youth marijuana and opioid use.

Method: We first summarize the earlier updates, along with those from recent literature reviews and meta-analytic studies, of ASU treatments. We then present study design and methods criteria used to identify five comparative studies subjected to JCCAP level of support evaluation.

Anomalous Origins of the Left Vertebral and Left Gastric Arteries in the Same Cadaver: Case Report.

Variations in the aortic arch and abdominal aorta possess important clinical implications that are frequently overlooked or underestimated, often being identified incidentally during surgical interventions or post-mortem examinations. This case report describes the rare concurrent occurrence of two such anomalies: an aberrant origin of the left vertebral artery and an anomalous origin of the left gastric artery. These findings were made during routine anatomical dissection of a 77-year-old white female cadaver at the Clinical Anatomy Laboratory of Sam Houston State University College of Osteopathic Medicine.

Lessons learned from concerned significant others: a qualitative analysis on involvement in services for young adult opioid use disorder.

Introduction: Research, clinical wisdom, and government policy recommend family involvement in services for young adult (YA) opioid use disorder (OUD) to improve treatment outcomes. Moreover, research suggests YAs believe that family involvement is essential to OUD treatment and prefer greater involvement of their concerned significant others (CSOs), such as family members, romantic partners, and family-of-choice members in their care. Yet, CSOs are not routinely involved in OUD services for YAs.

Perioperative Immunonutrition in Gastrointestinal Oncology: A Comprehensive Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis on Behalf of TROGSS-The Robotic Global Surgical Society.

Introduction: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Surgical resection, the primary treatment, often induces immunosuppression and increases the risk of postoperative complications. Perioperative immunonutrition (IMN), comprising formulations enriched with omega-3 fatty acids, arginine, nucleotides, and antioxidants, has emerged as a potential strategy to improve surgical outcomes by reducing complications, enhancing immune function, and promoting recovery.

Intelligence and Moral Development: A Critical Historical Review and Future Directions.

This paper is a critical, historical review of the literature on intelligence and moral development. In this review we come to a number of conclusions. For example, we identify methodological issues in past research on intelligence in relation to moral development, from Wiggam's paper in 1941 through the first quarter of the 21st century, and we commend research done with methodological improvements we specify.

Feasibility and Acceptability of Integrating Digital Screening and Brief Intervention for Substance Use into Home Visiting: Lessons Learned from a Pilot Study.

Purpose: Perinatal substance use (SU) often goes unaddressed due to stigma and lack of access to treatment. Home visiting (HV) is a promising venue for integrating brief interventions to address perinatal SU. We evaluated a digital screening and brief intervention for SU that is tailored to the HV context (e-SBI-HV).

The Effect of Breakfast on a Resistance Training Session and Response in Female Collegiate Athletes.

Breakfast consumption has been shown to be an essential component to a healthy lifestyle in various populations, yet research in this area is limited among female athletes. This study aimed to examine the effect of breakfast consumption on collegiate female athletes during a resistance training session and their nutritional habits throughout the remainder of the day. Twenty-three female collegiate Division I athletes (basketball, volleyball, bowling, and soccer) during the offseason participated in this cross-over study.

Precision management of coronary in-stent restenosis.

The advent of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and intracoronary stent development marked a pivotal milestone in the management of acute coronary syndromes, significantly reducing morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, despite ongoing advancements in stent technology, treatment modalities, and diagnostic tools, in-stent restenosis (ISR) remains a prevalent and challenging clinical issue, contributing substantially to the burden of cardiovascular disease. This review provides a comprehensive background of ISR, including its associated risk factors, pathophysiology, and current management strategies.

Flexible robotic platforms for surgical applications in microgravity environments: a comprehensive systematic review of minimally invasive mechatronic systems and the impact of artificial intelligence on behalf of the Center for Space Systems (C-SET) & TROGSS-The Robotic Global Surgical Society.

The advent of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in the 1990s marked a transformative shift in surgical practice, leveraging advanced robotic-assisted systems (RAS) for enhanced precision, dexterity, and improved patient outcomes. Over the past two decades, the surgical field has expanded from a handful of platforms to over 20 commercially available systems, some of them with artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities to varying degrees. While these advancements have redefined conventional surgical care, the unique challenges of space exploration, including microgravity, necessitate the adaptation of flexible robotic systems with AI.