A review on recent advancements of ChatGPT and datafication in healthcare applications.

Integrating ChatGPT, a large language model (LLM), with datafication strategies presents the capacity to provide reliable and user-friendly healthcare applications. This paper provides a structured and critical review of how ChatGPT, supported by datafication and big data frameworks, shapes areas such as clinical decision support, telemedicine, and personalized healthcare. It examines the cognitive capabilities of ChatGPT in interpreting complex medical language while addressing key ethical concerns, such as algorithmic bias, data privacy, and explainability, that arise in its deployment.

Chewing Dystonia and Sensory Modulation: An Exploratory Study of Intraoral Lidocaine Effects.

Background: Chewing dystonia is a rare, task-specific oromandibular dystonia that causes involuntary jaw and tongue movements during mastication and often refractory to standard treatments for dystonia. Emerging evidence suggests that peripheral sensory modulation may play a role in dystonia pathophysiology, but this has not been systematically evaluated as potential treatment modality.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the therapeutic and neurophysiological effects of intraoral topical lidocaine in patients with task-specific chewing dystonia.

Economic burden and economic impact of oral diseases in India: a protocol for a systematic review.

Introduction: Oral diseases are a major contributor to global disability but remain largely neglected in health policy, especially in low- and middle-income countries. India carries a disproportionately high burden of dental caries and periodontal disease, with limited access to oral healthcare and high reliance on out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE). Despite this, there is a lack of synthesised economic evidence specific to India, which limits informed policymaking and resource allocation.

Computational insights and experimental breakthroughs in identifying next-generation acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.

The study aimed to identify the potential acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors for effective Alzheimer's treatment from existing FDA-approved drugs through a drug repurposing technique via computational tools. Further, to evaluate the anti-Alzheimer's potency of the identified drug with the help of a suitable drug delivery system through in vivo pharmacological studies. The molecular docking and dynamics simulation studies indicated that letrozole has a significant binding affinity of -9.

Comparative neurological safety of novel hormonal therapies in advanced prostate cancer: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Background: Novel hormonal agents (NHAs), including enzalutamide, abiraterone acetate, apalutamide, and darolutamide, have improved survival in advanced prostate cancer (PCa). However, their potential neurological adverse effects (AEs)-notably cognitive impairment, seizures, and falls-raise safety concerns, particularly in older adults. This study aimed to compare the neurological safety profiles of NHAs in men with advanced PCa using a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA).

Indian Association of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics consensus statement on deep caries management.

Dental caries remains one of the most ubiquitous chronic diseases worldwide, affecting people across geographic, socioeconomic, and demographic boundaries. In response to this pervasive burden, the consensus statement; developed by a panel of experts in cariology, restorative dentistry and endodontics during the Symposium on Deep Caries Management Symposium at the 39 Indian Association of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics National Conference, Jio Convention Centre, Mumbai, November 29, to December 3, 2024, synthesises contemporary understanding of carious pathogenesis with evidence-based clinical strategies. It is intended for dental practitioners managing deep caries in vital permanent teeth of all age groups, from adolescents to older adults.

Innovative imaging-based pre-operative planning for correction of proximal femur malunion with implants in-situ using and PowerPoint.

Background: Proximal femoral malunions with implants in-situ pose a significant challenge for pre-operative planning due to the obstruction of key anatomical landmarks. Existing planning software, while advanced, is often limited by cost, accessibility and a lack of functionality for digital implant removal. The main objective is to introduce a novel, low-cost and accessible two-step digital method for planning deformity correction using Picsart and Microsoft PowerPoint.

Inhibitors of Tax1-PDZ Interactions Block HTLV-1 Viral Transmission by Changing EV Composition.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are known to facilitate infection by enveloped RNA viruses including the Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1). HTLV-1-encoded proteins, like the transactivator and oncoprotein Tax-1, are loaded into EVs but their precise impact on EV cargos is not yet known. Here, we report a comprehensive interaction map between Tax-1 and the human PDZ (PSD95/DLG/ZO-1) proteins that regulate EVs formation and composition.

ProWaste for proactive urban waste management using IoT and machine learning.

Urban waste-collection centres (WCCs) routinely overflow because maintenance routes are scheduled reactively rather than on data-driven forecasts. Overspill, odour, and leachate therefore threaten public health and sustainability targets in rapidly growing smart cities. We introduce ProWaste, an end-to-end Internet-of-Things and machine-learning platform that proactively prioritises WCC servicing.

Effect of duration of fixation with formalin on mRNA expression using quantitative RT-PCR.

Background: Analysis of mRNA in archival tissues using RT-qPCR has the potential to become an important element in diagnosis and research. There is uncertainty whether mRNA extraction and analyses from archival tissues are possible or not. This study will look for the possibility of mRNA extraction, RT-qPCR analysis, and standardization of the protocol using formalin fixed paraffin-embedded blocks.

Histomorphometric evaluation of chitosan and concentrated growth factor reinforced bone following cystectomy - A case control study.

Background: Odontogenic cysts are common jaw pathologies, causing delayed healing and requiring prosthetic replacement of the lost structures. Despite complete bone regeneration, recovery time is longer. Although numerous studies on managing these lesions using grafts have been found in the literature, ideal materials with potent regenerative properties have been least explored.

Protocol for the economic evaluation alongside the PARTICIPATE (PArticipatory Research model for medicaTIon adherenCe In People with diAbetes and hyperTEnsion) multicenter cluster randomized trial.

Introduction: Using the community-based participatory research (CBPR) methodology, sustained peer group treatment has effectively improved medication adherence. Although many studies investigate the effectiveness of peer group therapy, there is a lack of evidence addressing the cost-effectiveness of CBPR models in low- and middle-income countries. This protocol outlines the methods for the economic evaluation of the PArticipatory Research model for medicaTIon adherenCe In People with diAbetes and hyperTEnsion (PARTICIPATE) trial to determine whether the CBPR approach to enhance medication adherence among patients with diabetes and/or hypertension is cost-effective in India.

Predicting the Recurrence of Sporadic Odontogenic Keratocyst Using Whole-Slide Histopathology Images With the Hybrid Encoder Iterative Attention Convolution Model.

Objectives: Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) are challenging due to their aggressiveness and high recurrence rates, complicating decision-making for clinicians and pathologists. Despite efforts to identify predictive characteristics, management remains challenging. The study aims to design a reliable artificial intelligence model to enhance predictive models and distinguish between recurrent and nonrecurrent whole-slide images of OKCs.

Ultra-low lattice thermal conductivity and high thermoelectric performance in chiral phonon-protected heterostructures.

Heterostructures have recently emerged as suitable candidates for energy applications owing to their intriguing high electronic properties and low thermal conductivity. Traditionally, experimentally observable chiral phonons, protected by the crystal hexagonal symmetry in two-dimensional honeycomb lattices and originating primarily at the Brillouin zone corner, play a critical role in achieving ultra-low lattice thermal conductivity (). It is mainly attributed to the three-fold rotational symmetry-driven circularly polarized chiral phonons that restrict certain scattering processes and reduce thermal resistance.

Design, synthesis and anticancer evaluation of novel hydrazide-2-oxindole analogues as GSK-3β kinase inhibitors.

GSK-3β plays an essential role in cancer progression, making it a promising target for therapeutic intervention with glycogen synthase kinase (GSK-3β) inhibitors. The designed compounds were discovered for their potential role against the proliferation of cancer targeting GSK-3β. In the present study, hydrazide-2-oxindole analogues were designed, synthesised, and evaluated for anticancer efficacy against GSK-3β.

"Heptadecanol" a phytochemical multi-target inhibitor of SMYD3 & GFPT2 proteins in non-small cell lung cancer: an in-silico & in-vitro investigation.

Understanding the mechanism of action of anticancer agent plays a key role in effective clinical application of natural products. This study aims to identify an anti-cancer phytochemical with multi-target inhibition potential against non-small cell lung cancer. This study employs virtual screening of 8352 phytochemicals by molecular docking (AutoDock Vina & SeeSAR) to identify potential inhibitor of KRas, SMYD3, ALDH1 and GFPT2 proteins.

Isolated Axillary Lymphadenopathy Presenting as Carcinoma of Unknown Primary in a Female Patient: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge.

Carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) is a distinct and uncommon clinical entity characterized by metastatic disease without an identifiable primary tumor, despite thorough investigation. Isolated axillary lymphadenopathy as the sole manifestation is rare and diagnostically challenging, particularly in younger women. The patient was a 47-year-old woman with painless right axillary swelling with no breast or systemic lesions.

Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Three Types of Retainer Wires Bonded with a Composite Adhesive: An Study.

Background And Objectives: Posttreatment tooth movement, or relapse, is a common challenge in orthodontics. Bonded retainers are widely used to preserve corrected tooth positions. This study evaluates the mechanical properties of different lingual retainer wires combined with composite bonding materials.

Association of electronic cigarette use and risk of COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a global health concern, primarily linked to cigarette smoking. The potential role of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) in COPD development remains unclear. Despite growing popularity as a smoking alternative, evidence suggests e-cigarettes may have harmful respiratory effects.

Pharmaco-informatics screening of biomolecules targeting FOXO6 for chronic kidney disease therapy.

Objective: Ginger, scientifically known as , is a plant root that has a variety of therapeutic applications, including the treatment of nausea, inflammation, digestive problems, and management of renal function in chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is a life-threatening condition that, if untreated, leads to organ damage and is acknowledged as a global health concern. The present study aims at predicting bioactive compounds from that were identified through gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), with the potential against a selected target of CKD, and was investigated using a pharmaco-informatics approach.

Effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on COPD exacerbations in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis and Bayesian sensitivity analysis.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) frequently coexist, amplifying morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. COPD exacerbations are more frequent and severe in T2DM patients, necessitating therapies addressing both conditions. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) on COPD exacerbations in T2DM patients.

Effects of close surgical margins on prognosis and recurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: To assess the relationships of close surgical margins with recurrence and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study consisted of 198 patients who were diagnosed with OSCC based on histopathology. All patients underwent wide local tumor resection and neck dissection, followed by or preceded by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy.

A review of natural polymer based biomaterials for wound care: addressing challenges and future perspectives.

Wound healing is a multifaceted biological process encompassing hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Globally, approximately 6.7 million individuals suffer from chronic wounds, with diabetic foot ulcers affecting 7-10% of diabetic patients.

Detection of Auto-Immune Disease using Deep Learning Techniques.

Objective: The diagnosis of autoimmune disorders, particularly through the Anti-Nuclear Antibodies (ANA) Indirect Immunofluorescence (IIF) test utilising human epithelial type-2 (HEp-2) cells, presents a formidable challenge due to the subjective nature of pathologists' analysis. In response, this study proposes an innovative automated approach that integrates deep learning, advanced image processing, guided Hep-2 Cell, and mitotic cell instance segmentation.

Methods: Leveraging the ICPR 2016 dataset for training and evaluation, this research encountered an initial challenge of dataset imbalance, with a significantly lower number of mitotic cells compared to HEp-2 Homogenous cells.

Optimization of NaO and Activator modulus to produce sustainable ground pond ash and GGBS-based geopolymer concrete.

Construction industry is progressively seeking sustainable approaches to reduce its environmental footprint. Due to the large volume of concrete consumption, there is extensive focus on enhancing its engineering properties without neglecting the sustainability concerns. In the present work, an attempt has been made to produce geopolymer concrete with industrial by-products.