Comparative effects of moderate and high-intensity training on immune activation in myocarditis: a review of preclinical and clinical evidence.

Exercise intensity plays a critical role in influencing immune responses during myocarditis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the cardiac tissue. Based on preclinical and clinical evidence, this review examines how moderate high-intensity training affects immune activation in myocarditis. Studies involving animals suggest that moderate exercise may reduce inflammation and support immune regulation, while high-intensity training often exacerbates pro-inflammatory responses and worsens cardiac injury.

Urban pollution impact assessment in six lithuanian cities with a focus on road traffic emissions - integrated framework for environmental health studies.

An integrated framework is introduced and applied to assess the health impact of airborne pollution with greater physiological relevance, moving beyond conventional exposure metrics. Measured particle number size distribution data was integrated with a regional respiratory tract deposition fractions to estimate total and alveolar deposited particle surface area concentrations. Land use regression modeling, combined with randomized commuting patterns, enabled the evaluation of city-specific alveolar surface area deposition doses, providing new insight into localized average exposure and its implications for public health.

Case Report: Effect of medicinal cannabis on fitness to drive in a patient with Tourette Syndrome and ADHD.

Background: Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a childhood onset chronic disorder in which motor and vocal tics co-occur. Cannabinoids are a potential therapeutic option for otherwise treatment resistant patients. However, there is an ongoing debate regarding potential side effects.

Sex-specific outcomes after transcatheter or surgical treatment of aortic valve stenosis: the DEDICATE-DZHK6 trial.

Background And Aims: Aortic stenosis may be managed differently in women and men, but evidence remains limited. Sex-specific characteristics and outcomes of low- to intermediate-risk patients assigned to transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) from the DEDICATE-DZHK6 trial are described.

Methods: The DEDICATE-DZHK6 trial demonstrated non-inferiority for the primary outcome of all-cause death or stroke at 1 year.

Barriers to accessing and using preventive mental health services for psychosocially strained children and families in Germany: Perspectives of professionals from different sectors.

Objective: Children, young people, and families (CYF) with psychosocial strains face elevated risks for mental health problems. Preventive mental health services in health, education, and social sectors can reduce this risk, but are often underused or have waiting times. While some data on barriers to use from clients' perspectives exist, the professionals' perspective is also important, particularly for understanding barriers at the side of providers and organizations and identifying solutions.

The German Center for Child and Adolescent Health - A new structure for translational research in pediatrics shaping the health of children today and future generations.

The new German Center for Child and Adolescent Health (DZKJ) founded as part of the German Centers for Health Research provides an unprecedented and unique opportunity for internationally outstanding research that contributes to the health and well-being of children and adolescents by creating a sustainable, multidisciplinary translational research center with a wide spectrum of clinical and scientific disciplines. The DZKJ attracts and motivates some of the best basic and clinical scientists in Germany inside and outside the field of pediatrics to jointly dedicate their research and creativity to unravelling the causes of both common and rare diseases and to developing innovative therapies and prevention strategies. All DZKJ partner sites will join forces for a pivotal, networked lighthouse for clinical and translational science in pediatrics in Germany and beyond.

Cortex folding by combined progenitor expansion and adhesion-controlled neuronal migration.

Folding of the mammalian cerebral cortex into sulcal fissures and gyral peaks is the result of complex processes that are incompletely understood. Previously we showed that genetic deletion of Flrt1/3 adhesion molecules causes folding of the smooth mouse cortex into sulci resulting from increased lateral dispersion and faster neuron migration, without progenitor expansion. Here, we show in mice that combining the Flrt1/3 double knockout with an additional genetic deletion that causes progenitor expansion, greatly enhances cortex folding.

Nanoparticle-Mediated siRNA Delivery in Human Epithelial Lung Cells Cultured at the Air-Liquid Interface.

The approval of ONPATTRO® in 2018 resembled a milestone for small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapies, introducing the first siRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) into clinical use. This breakthrough has improved research efforts in siRNA-based therapeutics. Similarly, benefits like scalability and adaptability have led to enormous research also in polymeric siRNA delivery systems, leading to polyplexes or micelleplexes after complexation.

Most prominent challenges in translational neuroscience and strategic solutions to bridge the gaps: Perspectives from an editorial board interrogation.

Recent progress in translational neuroscience has significantly advanced our understanding of neurological diseases. Research progress closely went in line with innovations in research methods, which have expanded our insights considerably beyond previous limits. However, despite the development of disease-modifying treatments, therapeutic options in brain diseases still lag behind fundamental discoveries in basic neuroscience.

Determinants of quality of life among lung cancer patients: insights from a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Lung cancer (LC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with smoking being a major risk factor. Despite the benefits of smoking cessation, many LC patients continue to smoke, potentially impacting their quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to explore factors influencing QoL among LC patients, with a focus on smoking status and mental health.

The dual non-competitive CXCR1/2 inhibitor ladarixin impairs neutrophil extravasation without altering intravascular adhesion.

In many acute and chronic inflammatory disorders, recruitment of neutrophils plays a critical role in preventing disease severity and ensuring survival. On the other hand, neutrophil accumulation during inflammation can also favor disease progression in diseases such as autoimmune disorders, cancer or during ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therefore, blocking neutrophil influx has been considered an interesting therapeutic concept in diseases with overwhelming neutrophil responses.

Establishing and Maintaining 3D Organoid Cultures From Human Fallopian Tube Epithelium.

The female reproductive tract is comprised of different regions, each with distinctive physiological characteristics. One of them is the fallopian tubes, which are vital for human reproductive health and success. The ability to model their function and physiology is of utmost importance.

Unveiling a cryptic snail host of major trematodes in Europe: The susceptibility of Galba schirazensis (Lymnaeidae) to Calicophoron daubneyi (Paramphistomatidae) facilitates Fasciola hepatica (Fasciolidae).

Species of Lymnaeidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) are important intermediate hosts of major parasites some of which are responsible for zoonosis worldwide. Particularly liver and rumen flukes impact livestock production with increasing costs due to flukicide treatments. In Europe, a single snail species, Galba trunctaula, is considered as responsible for the transmission of Fasciola hepatica and Calicophoron daubneyi, two trematode species with almost identical transmission cycles.

Synthesis and characterization of π cyclopentadienyl complexes of manganese and iron with one to five fluorosilyl substituents. Crystal and molecular structures of [Mn(CBr{SiMeF})(CO)] and [Mn(C{SiMeF})(CO)].

The reaction of AgSbF with the cymantrenyl hydrosilanes [Mn{CBr(SiMeH)}(CO)] ( = 1-5) gives the corresponding fluorosilanes. With the ferrocenylhydrosilanes [Fe{CBr(SiMeH)}(CH)] fluorination and oxidation to give the ferricenium salts [Fe{CBr(SiMeF)}(CH)]SbF ( = 1-5) occurs. Reaction of the latter with cobaltocene gives the corresponding neutral fluorosilanes.

Is Checking for Sequential Positivity Violations Getting You Down? Try sPoRT!

Background: Sequential positivity is often a necessary assumption for drawing causal inferences, such as through marginal structural modeling. Unfortunately, verification of this assumption can be challenging because it usually relies on multiple parametric propensity score models, unlikely to all be correctly specified. Therefore, we propose a new algorithm, called sequential Positivity Regression Tree (sPoRT), to overcome this issue and identify the subgroups found to be violating this assumption, allowing for insights about the nature of the violations and potential solutions.

DNA methylation analysis reveals an epigenetic signature distinctive of high-grade oligodendroglioma.

IDH-mutant gliomas represent a subtype of diffuse gliomas that primarily affect patients in early to mid-adolescence. These tumors are classified into three distinct CNS WHO grades of malignancy. Accurate grading is essential for selecting an appropriate treatment maximizing anti-tumor efficacy while minimizing adverse effects.

Anti-IL-5 Vaccination Dampens Allergen-Specific IgE Levels and Modulates IL-4 and IL-5 Th2 Cytokines in Skin Allergy of Mice and Horses.

Background: Skin allergies are among the most frequent types of allergies, where continuous investigation of the pathological immune mechanisms is required for a better understanding and a more effective treatment of the disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of interleukin (IL)-5 vaccination on allergen-specific IgE antibodies as well as T cell cytokine modulation in skin allergy using a mouse model and a naturally occurring disease in horses.

Methods: Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice, as well as horses affected by equine insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) were administered an anti-IL-5 vaccination, and allergen-specific IgE and IgG were quantified in the blood.

Outcomes and Risk Factors for Complications of Dermis-Fat Graft as Primary Orbital Implant.

Purpose: To evaluate outcomes after dermis fat graft (DFG) as primary orbital implants after enucleation, complication rates, and possible risk factors for complications.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of all primary DFG (DFG I°) performed at the University Eye Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich from 2013 to 2022.

Results: A total of 257 sockets of 257 patients were reconstructed after enucleation with a DFG I°.

Identification of a presymptomatic and early disease signature for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): protocol of the premodiALS study.

Introduction: The median time to diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is approximately 12 months after the onset of first symptoms. This diagnostic delay is primarily due to the nonspecific nature of early symptoms and the clinical challenges in differentiating ALS from its mimics. Therefore, the discovery of reliable biomarkers for the early and accurate diagnosis of ALS represents a critical medical need.

Glioblastoma in Adults: A Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) and European Society of Neuro-Oncology (EANO) Consensus Review on Current Management and Future Directions.

Glioblastoma is the most common type of malignant primary brain tumor and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. In 2021 the World Health Organization updated the classification of Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors to restrict glioblastomas to isocitrate dehydrogenase-wildtype (IDHwt) tumors, improving understanding of the prognosis and optimal therapy for these tumors. This revision also enables more homogeneous populations of patients to be enrolled into clinical trials, facilitating the evaluation of novel therapies.

Increasing Facial Attractiveness by Lateralizing the Auricle-Analyzing the Pan-Facial Effects of the Postauricular Injection Technique in Chinese Patient Populations.

Background: The postauricular injection technique is a needle-based technique that places soft tissue fillers behind the ears into the supra-periosteal plane of the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The resulting clinical effect pushes the auricles more laterally mimicking the inverse effects of a surgical otoplasty.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the aesthetic outcome of the postauricular injection technique by having the treatment results evaluated by several international, independent, and blinded reviewers.

The Multigroup Model of Identity Leadership (Multi-IL) in professional team sports: Navigating group dynamics from the perspective of professional soccer head coaches.

Objective: This study examines how subgroups and multigroup dynamics within professional soccer clubs influence the head coach's leadership effectiveness from a social identity perspective.

Design And Method: In this qualitative study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 30 professional head coaches from the top four German men's leagues and the top two women's leagues. Data were analyzed using qualitative structuring content analysis and iterative abductive coding, integrating both deductive and inductive approaches, grounded in critical realism.

Reproducibility of late gadolinium enhancement quantification techniques in ischemic and non-ischemic heart diseases (ReLate study).

Background: Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is an established metric for risk stratification and therapeutic guidance. However, consensus on the optimal technique for quantifying left ventricular (LV) LGE extent remains lacking. This study aimed to identify the most reliable method for quantifying LGE in chronic myocardial infarction (CMI), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and inflammatory heart disease (IHD).

Role of Endogenous Galectin-3 on Cell Biology of Immortalized Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells In Vitro.

Galectin-3 is a multifunctional protein that is associated with diseases of the chorioretinal interface, in which the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) plays a central role in disease development and progression. Since galectin-3 can function extracellularly as well as intracellularly via different mechanisms, we developed an immortalized human RPE cell line (ARPE-19) with a knockdown for galectin-3 expression (ARPE-19/LGALS3) using a sgRNA/Cas9 all-in-one expression vector. By Western blot analysis, a reduced galectin-3 expression of approximately 48 to 60% in heterozygous ARPE-19/LGALS3 cells was observed when compared to native controls.