Assessment of Ecological and Human Health Risk Associated with Toxic Metals from the Consumption of Vegetables Exposed to Low Quality Irrigation Water of Industrial Zones in Semi-arid Regions.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the toxic metals (TMs) pollution, bioaccumulation and its potential health risk via consumption of different vegetables irrigated by different water sources released from industrial estates of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Water (fresh and waste), soil and vegetables samples were collected in triplicates and acid digested. Digestion of samples were followed by evaporation and filtration and then assessed for TMs via atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

Advancements in hydrogels: A comprehensive review of natural, synthetic, and hybrid innovations for wound healing.

Natural and synthetic hydrogels are beneficial for wound healing because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and capability to maintain a moist healing environment. Natural hydrogels, sourced from materials like hyaluronic acid (HA), chitosan, alginate, and collagen, replicate the extracellular matrix and play a vital role in cell migration, proliferation, and tissue regeneration. These materials promote wound healing by keeping a moist environment and offer inherent biological benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.

Computer vision based efficient segmentation and classification of multi brain tumor using computed tomography images.

This study aims to highlight the effectiveness of computer vision (CV) techniques in classifying brain tumors using a comprehensive dataset consisting of computed tomography (CT) scans. The proposed framework comprises six types of brain tumors, including benign tumors (Meningioma, Schwannoma, and Neurofibromatosis) and malignant tumors (Glioma, Chondrosarcoma, and Chordoma). The acquired images underwent pre-processing steps to enhance the dataset's quality, including noise reduction through median and Gaussian filters and region of interest (ROIs) extraction using an automated binary threshold-based fuzzy c-means segmentation (ABTFCS) approach.

Association of HLA-B gene polymorphism and blood groups with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity.

The COVID-19 pandemic gave insight into how host genetics influence the ability to get infected and how severe the infection will be if contracted. Among these, the HLA polymorphisms and ABO blood groups are known to influence the immune system. This study examines the correlation between HLA-B genotypes, blood groups, and the severity of COVID-19.

Role of Plant-Derived Smoke Solution on Plants Under Stress.

Plants are constantly exposed to various environmental challenges, such as drought, flooding, heavy metal toxicity, and pathogen attacks. To cope with these stresses, they employ several adaptive strategies. This review highlights the potential of plant-derived smoke (PDS) solution as a natural biostimulant for improving plant health and resilience, contributing to both crop productivity and ecological restoration under abiotic and biotic stress conditions.

Silver-zinc oxide-doped hydroxyapatite nanocomposite: an efficient peroxidase nanozyme for the colorimetric detection of ascorbic acid.

Ascorbic acid is an important player in the food and pharmaceutical industries and plays a key role in the human body. Its abnormal concentration is linked to pathological conditions and monitoring the quality of food and pharmaceutical products. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor its concentration through reliable platforms that are easy to use and affordable.

Identification of a Novel GRM1 Frameshift Variant in Two Pakistani Families Broadens the Genetic Landscape of Ultra-Rare Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 13.

Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 13 (SCAR13) is an extremely rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by psychomotor delay, ranging from mild to severe intellectual disability with absent or poor speech development, nystagmus and stance ataxia. If ambulation is achieved, affected subjects often exhibit gait ataxia. Additionally, epilepsy and polyneuropathy have been reported in some patients.

An integrated bioinformatics approach for identification of key modulators and biomarkers involved in atrial fibrillation.

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is a sustained form of cardiac arrythmia that occurs due to sympathetic overdrive, neurohumoral and electrophysiological changes. Sympatho-renal modulatory approach via miRNA-based therapeutics is likely to be an important treatment option for AFib. The study was aimed to unravel the common miRNAs as therapeutic targets involved in sympatho- renovascular axis to combat AFib.

Inflammatory cell death and leukemia treatment.

The process of inflammatory cell death maintains vital functions in immune surveillance as well as controls tissue balance mechanisms and it serves to advance hematological malignancies including leukemia. Blood cancer leukemia develops from problematic hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells that create acute and chronic subgroup variations by their cell origin and disease development. The mechanisms of inflammatory cell death through pyroptosis together with necroptosis and ferroptosis regulate leukemia development and therapeutic approaches.

Genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of anophthalmia/microphthalmia in families from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Anophthalmia/microphthalmia (A/M) are rare congenital ocular malformations involving the absence or underdevelopment of the eyes, and they display considerable clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Establishing a genetic diagnosis for A/M is critical because it facilitates early intervention, informed genetic counseling, and the prevention of disease transmission in high-risk families. This study explored the genotypic and phenotypic landscape of A/M in 10 Pakistani families meeting specific criteria: confirmed A/M phenotype, residence in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, no prior genetic testing, and informed consent.

Enhancing the optoelectronic and mechanical response of MgXCl3 (X = Rb, Cl) for advance energy conversion applications.

Using the wien2k package in DFT, the structural, elastic, electrical, and optical characteristics of MgXCl (X = Rb, Ca) were investigated. Structural analysis confirmed the stability of these compounds and revealed that they possessed a cubic structure with the space group of pm-3m 221. The electronic properties of the compounds were analyzed using band structure and density of states (DOS) calculations, revealing their semiconducting nature.

Complex linear Diophantine fuzzy Dombi prioritized operators-based MULTIMOORA approach with applications to sustainable energy planning.

Sustainable energy planning is a critical challenge, particularly in regions with complex decision-making environments and uncertain data. The selection of an optimal energy source requires robust methodologies that can effectively handle multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) under uncertainty. This study explores the application of the multiple objective optimization on the basis of ratio analysis plus full multiplicative form (MULTIMOORA) method by incorporating the concept of the complex linear Diophantine fuzzy ([Formula: see text]) set.

Circular q-rung orthopair fuzzy modeling using Schweizer-Sklar weighted aggregation for water purification strategy selection.

Selecting an optimal water purification strategy presents a complex multi-criteria decision-making problem due to inherent uncertainty, imprecise information, and conflicting evaluation criteria. Traditional fuzzy set-based approaches often lack the flexibility to accurately represent such uncertainty. To address these limitations, this study proposes a novel decision-support framework based on circular q-rung orthopair fuzzy ([Formula: see text]-ROF) set, which extend conventional q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets by incorporating a circular representation to model uncertainty more expressively.

Computational screening of antiviral candidates for Monkeypox virus DNA polymerase and A42R protein.

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is emerging as a major concern in the field of infectious diseases. Current treatments are limited, highlighting the need for new therapeutic options. The use of computational methods, such as molecular docking and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations, is a valuable approach in identifying potential compounds that can target specific proteins of the virus, like the DNA polymerase and profilin-like protein profilin-like protein A42R (A42R) in this case, with the aim of controlling the disease.

Challenges in Genomic Variant Interpretation Within Pakistani Populations due to Genomic Healthcare Inequalities.

Accurate classification of genomic variants is crucial to ensure correct diagnosis, genetic counseling, and clinical management of monogenic inherited disorders. Variant interpretation can be hindered in populations that are significantly underrepresented in large reference genomic databases, leading to genomic healthcare inequalities. Despite a relatively high prevalence of inherited autosomal recessive diseases within Pakistan, this population remains significantly underrepresented in reference genomic databases.

Constructing and validating a scale for technostress and employee behavior: evidence from business schools in a developing country.

This research aimed to adapt and validate the Techno-Stress Construct in Higher Education (TCHS) for business school faculty in Pakistan. The study involved 300 faculty members from Khyber Paktunkhawa (KP) and Islamabad, who helped translate and adapt the TCHS into a 16-item Pakistani version.Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) using AMOS 23 were employed to validate the factor structure.

Ciprofloxacin resistance and bile-induced biofilm enhancement in isolates.

Background: is a significant human pathogen responsible for paratyphoid fever which affects millions globally, particularly in regions with limited clean water and sanitation access.

Methodology: The blood samples were cultured on MacConkey agar and identified by biochemical tests and an API 20E kit. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed according to CLSI guidelines using different antibiotics and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for ciprofloxacin were determined using agar dilution.

Screening of novel therapeutic targets and chimeric vaccine construction against antibiotic-resistant .

is known to cause a variety of infections, including mild gastroenteritis and severe systemic disease. This bacterium has developed resistance to several antibiotics, including cephalosporins, penicillins, and fluoroquinolones. Despite significant advances in vaccine formulation against , there is no FDA-licensed vaccine available against it.

Phytoremediation potential of native medicinal plant species in mining degraded soil of Mohmand Northwest Pakistan.

The phytoremediation efficiency of sixteen native medicinal plants was studied in soil degraded by mining in Mohmand, Northwest Pakistan. Elemental analyses of samples were carried out by using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The average values of soil pH (7.

Ecological and health risks assessment of potentially toxic elements in edible plants across mining and non-mining areas of Northwest, Pakistan.

The current study evaluated the concentrations, ecological and health risks, and phytoremediation potential of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soil and edible plant samples from mining and non-mining areas of District Mohmand, Pakistan. Soil and plant samples were collected, oven-dried, acid-digested (HNO:HCl, 3:1) and analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (Perkin-Elmer AA400). Traditionally, many of the studied plant species serve both as food and in ethnomedicines.

In vivo, in vitro and in silico evaluation of Rumex nepalensis Spreng. and its active phytoconstituent (Chrysophanol) in gastrointestinal disorders.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Rumex nepalensis Spreng, is widely used in traditional medicine for management of gastrointestinal (GIT) disorder, including ulcer, diarrhea and inflammation. However, limited scientific evidence exists to validate its traditional use in GIT disorders.

Aim Of The Study: This study aims to investigate the anti-Helicobacter pylori and gastroprotective activities of the crude extract of Rumex nepalensis (Rn.

Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles Exploit Filopodial Surfing and Retraction Mechanisms to Reach the Host Cell Body in an Actin-Dependent Manner.

Extracellular vesicles derived from gram-negative bacteria are nano-sized particles of different size and origin released by these microbes and are collectively called bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs). These BEVs may serve as vehicles for delivering bacterial molecules to eukaryotic host cells. Depending on the bacterial species, BEVs elicit various host cellular and immunomodulatory responses, often aiding bacterial survival and communication.

in Neonates and Postpartum Women: First Report on Prevalence, Resistance, Typing, and Risk Factors in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

is a significant pathogen in postpartum women and neonates. This study aimed to determine its prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility, clinical features, and associated risk factors in tertiary care hospitals in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 384 clinical samples were collected from postpartum women (n = 192) and neonates (n = 192) in maternity wards.

Neuroprotective Efficacy of Microwave-Assisted Synthetized 2-(5-Cyclopropyl-6-Thioxo-1,3,5-Thiadiazinan-3-Yl) Acetic Acid in Mitigating Cognitive Deficits in Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Mice Model.

Oxidative stress is a major contributor to neurodegenerative diseases, triggering inflammation that ultimately leads to nerve cell death. This study aims to synthesize and characterize 2-(5-cyclopropyl-6-thioxo-1,3,5-thiadiazinan-3-yl) acetic acid COX-2 and scrutinize the neuroprotective efficacy in a pentylenetetrazole-induced mice model of epilepsy in a mice model. The compound is synthesized via microwave-assisted method and characterized by infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and electron ionization mass Spectroscopy.

Corrigendum: An enhanced pattern detection and segmentation of brain tumors in MRI images using deep learning technique.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2024.