Glyceraldehyde and glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end-products have negative effect on chicken myoblasts.

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are formed through glycation between reducing sugars or their metabolites, including glyceraldehyde (GA). AGEs are associated with various chronic diseases in humans. Among them, GA-derived AGEs (GA-AGEs) exhibit strong toxicity in several cell types and are considered toxic AGEs.

MMP3 mediates E2-induced bovine endometrial cell proliferation by releasing HB-EGF.

Cyclic cell proliferation and endometrial remodeling during the estrous cycle are important for maintaining normal endometrial function. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying this cell proliferation have not yet been elucidated. In this study, the function of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) on endometrial cell proliferation was analyzed.

Standardization of tissue handling in veterinary pathology: How fixation affects morphological and molecular examination results.

Variables in the fixation and processing of histological specimens and storage of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues affect the outcomes of morphological and molecular examinations. The present study investigated the influence of unbuffered formalin fixation and prolonged fixation on histomorphology, immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, and DNA quality in FFPE tissues, which are essential issues in veterinary diagnostic pathology. Fixation of tissues with 10% unbuffered formalin resulted in increased intercellular spaces and decreased color contrast in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections, attenuated Ki-67 immunolabeling, advanced DNA fragmentation, and lower PCR amplification efficiency compared with 10% neutral-buffered formalin.

Evolution and functioning of an X-A balance sex-determining system in hops.

Chromosomal sex-determining systems with male heterogamety include actively male-determining-Y and X-A balance systems, both of which are found in animals and plants. The sex-determining genes have been identified in several active-Y plant systems, but the evolution and functioning of X-A balance systems remains mysterious. Here we sequenced and compared the genomes of two hop species.

Highly Active Catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling to Form Sterically Demanding Biaryls: Electronic Control of Pd through the Secondary Interaction Using a Buchwald-Type Ligand Bearing a Fluorinated Aryl Ring.

To accelerate reductive elimination in Suzuki-Miyaura coupling (SMC) through secondary interactions with a Buchwald-type ligand, a heptafluorotolyl group was introduced into the ligand's structure, guided by DFT calculations. The resulting ligand, HFTPhos, was effective for SMC, enabling the formation of sterically demanding biaryls. The catalyst loading could be reduced to as low as 0.

A combination of dietary cholesterol and cholic acid induces hepatic expression of proinflammatory genes accompanied by changes in sterol metabolism and redox status.

Oxidized sterols and redox status play an important role in the enhancement of lipid accumulation and exacerbation of symptoms in the liver. In this study, we examined whether the combination of dietary supplementation with cholesterol (Chol) and cholic acid (CA) modulates sterol metabolism and factors related to lipid accumulation in the liver. C57BL/6J male mice (4-week-old) were fed diets containing Chol at 3 g/kg and/or CA at 0.

Accurate species discrimination of Fasciola hepatica from Türkiye based on the fatty acid binding protein type I (FABP type I) gene and phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial DNA.

Accurate species discrimination based on a robust nuclear protein-coding gene marker is essential for Fasciola spp. because of the presence of F. hepatica, F.

Unstable anthocyanin pigmentation in Streptocarpus sect. Saintpaulia (African violet) is due to transcriptional selectivity of a single MYB gene.

Saintpaulia (African violet) pigmentation is notoriously unstable and sometimes forms white stripes, particularly following passage through tissue culture. White-striped petals were thought to be due to periclinal chimeras, but we confirmed that white stripes result from epigenetic regulation rather than periclinal chimeras based on the flower color traits of plants obtained from tissue culture. Gene expression in several plant lines, anthocyanin quantification, bisulfite sequencing, and methylation analyses were used to demonstrate the presence of a single MYB gene responsible for pigment variation.

Structural Recoverability of White Breads Based on the "Cohesiveness" Value From Texture Profile Analysis and the "Compression Force Value" From the American Association of Cereal Chemists (74-09).

The structural recoverability of white bread was investigated by texture profile analysis (TPA) using the cohesiveness parameters A/A (Area /Area ). Several simple measurements of structural recoverability were proposed using TPA parameters and the method of the American Association of Cereal Chemists for white bread. At 120 min after the baking of white bread, the A/A was 0.

Speed and Variability of Chair Stepping and Morphological and Neural Characteristics in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Rapid lower limb coordination is directly related to physical activity skills in older adults and is controlled mainly by the central nervous system. This study aimed to investigate the association between chair stepping skills and neuromuscular properties in older adults. Fifty-eight community-dwelling older adults (72.

Enhanced estimation method for partial scattering functions in contrast variation small-angle neutron scattering via Gaussian process regression with prior knowledge of smoothness.

Contrast variation small-angle neutron scattering (CV-SANS) is a powerful tool for evaluating the structure of multi-component systems. In CV-SANS, the scattering intensities () measured with different scattering contrasts are de-com-posed into partial scattering functions () of the self- and cross-correlations between components. Since the measurement has a measurement error, () must be estimated statistically from ().

Thyroid Carcinoma in a Japanese Black Cow Living in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident Contamination Area.

The thyroid glands of an 11-year-old castrated cow housed in a region contaminated by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident were collected for histopathological examination. The estimated cumulative external exposure dose was 459 mSv. Macroscopically, the left lobe of the thyroid gland was firm and enlarged, and multilobular cystic structures could be observed on the cut surface.

Genetic and Biological Characteristics of Gruid Herpesvirus 1 Isolated From Wild Cranes Affected by Inclusion Body Disease of Cranes.

Inclusion body disease of cranes (IBDCs) is fatal in many cases and reportedly caused by a herpes-like virus labeled as gruid herpesvirus 1 (GrHV-1). Although GrHV-1 has been isolated from IBDC-affected cranes, it has not been genetically classified because its genome has not been partially or fully sequenced. In this study, we isolated an alphaherpesvirus from hooded cranes () diagnosed with IBDC in Japan.

Significance of Serum Cholinesterase as a Prognostic Marker in Patients with Non-dialysis-dependent Chronic Kidney Disease.

Objective Malnutrition is a common problem among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is unknown whether serum cholinesterase, an indicator of the nutritional status, has a significant value as a prognostic marker in patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD, including those in the early phase. Methods A total of 4,505 middle-aged and older people with stage 1-4 CKD who were free from cardiovascular events (mean age: 67.

Kujigamberol Inhibits IFN-γ and IL-2 mRNA Expression and NFATc2 Binding to Their Promoters in Response to a Phorbol Ester and Ionomycin Stimulation.

Kujigamberol, a dinorlabdane compound isolated from Kuji amber, exerts multiple biological effects, including anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory activities. The present study demonstrated that kujigamberol inhibited cytokine production by T cells. In response to a phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin (IM) stimulation, kujigamberol suppressed interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) mRNA expression in murine T-cell lymphoma BW5147 cells stably transfected with the T-box transcription factor eomesodermin.

Effects of Maillard Reaction Products on Skeletal Muscle Cells: An In Vitro Study Using C2C12 Myotubes.

: Maillard reaction products (MRPs) are known for their antioxidant properties; however, their effects on muscle cells remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the effects of MRPs on muscle hypertrophy and atrophy in C2C12 myotubes. : MRPs were prepared by heating L-lysine and D-glucose, and their antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay.

Life table analysis of feline polycystic kidney disease in Japan.

Feline polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is an inherited renal disorder observed in various breeds. Analyses of life expectancy and distribution of age at death among cats are not well documented. The current study preliminarily assessed life expectancy, cumulative survival rates, and distribution of age at death in cats with PKD by performing a follow-up investigation.

Elucidation of the symbiotic incompatibility mechanisms between a and ORS3257 mediated by nodulation outer protein P2.

ORS3257 is an efficient symbiotic strain for and but fails with due to an effector-triggered immunity response mediated by the nodulation outer protein P2 (NopP2). To understand this incompatibility, we identified NopP2 interacting proteins in cv. KPS1, including enolase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), and serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) as targets.

Exploring the Genetic Basis of Wild Boar () and Its Connection to Classical Swine Fever Spread.

Classical swine fever (CSF) is the one of the most devastating contagious diseases in domestic swine and wild boar/pigs (). Population genetics is often used to estimate animal dispersal and can also help evaluate host population connectivity, which is crucial for understanding pathogen dispersal. We surveyed genetic population structure of boars using MIG-seq analysis to clarify the geographic barriers that influence boar dispersal in north-central Japan and to demonstrate the relationship between the spread of CSF infection among boars and their population structure.

Neuronal deterioration associated with hyperexcitability under mild chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) has been indicated to impair cognitive and diverse brain functions. However, the neural mechanisms linking these cerebrovascular and phenotypic alterations remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of CCH on neuronal activity in male mice with unilateral common carotid artery occlusion using optical imaging and MRI.

Relationship between caudal fin closing motion and acceleration capability of Rudarius ercodes balistiform locomotion.

Fish leverage the interaction of multiple fins to improve their swimming ability. Acceleration performance, in particular, is a key aspect of locomotion that directly affects survival through predator evasion and prey capture. Most of these studies have focused on body and caudal fin (BCF) swimmers, which are specialized for high-speed locomotion.

Proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells on phosphorylated cellulose nanofiber scaffolds.

Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are a promising cell source for tooth regeneration therapies. However, conventional culture scaffold materials are often animal-derived, leading to immunogenicity concerns and limited availability. In this study, we explored phosphorylated cellulose nanofibers (P-CNFs), which have a fine fiber morphology and phosphate groups, as a novel scaffold material for cell culture.

Withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment in Japanese home care: A cross-sectional survey.

Background: In Japan, legal and social concerns exist about withdrawing life-sustaining treatment (LST) even at the end of life. This study aimed to investigate the experience of physicians and nurses involved in home care with LST withdrawal.

Methods: A web-based questionnaire survey was conducted among physicians and nurses who were members of the Japanese Association for Home Care Medicine in 2020.

Identification of Escherichia coli flagellar antigen by disc immuno-immobilization.

Disc immuno-immobilization is a simple method for typing flagellar antigens from Salmonella enterica. In this study, we successfully adapted this method for Escherichia coli. All eleven strains tested were determined their antigens within 14 h from inoculation.

Mitochondrial calpain-1 truncates ATP synthase beta subunit.

Calpains cleave proteins in a calcium concentration-dependent manner, modulating their intracellular functions. Calpain-1, a member of the calpain family, is localized in the cytosol and mitochondria. Mitochondrial calpain-1 induces mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis by cleaving its substrate.