From clinical trials to daily practice: how to adequately administer sulbactam-durlobactam? alone or combined with imipenem?

Purpose Of Review: Sulbactam-durlobactam (SUL-DUR) is a novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination recently approved for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) infections. This review summarizes current knowledge on the optimal use of SUL-DUR, whether administered alone or in combination with carbapenems, particularly imipenem.

Recent Findings: Data from registrational trial demonstrate that SUL-DUR is an effective and well tolerated treatment option for CRAB severe infections.

Pain, Agitation, Delirium, and Iatrogenic Withdrawal Syndrome Management in Children Who Are Critically Ill: Protocol for a European Clinical Practice Guideline Using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Approach.

Background: In pediatric intensive care units, pain, sedation, delirium, and iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome (IWS) must be managed as interrelated conditions. Although clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) exist, new evidence needs to be incorporated, gaps in recommendations addressed, and recommendations adapted to the European context.

Objective: This protocol describes the development of the first patient- and family-informed European guideline for managing pain, sedation, delirium, and IWS by the European Society of Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care.

Elinzanetant for the Treatment of Vasomotor Symptoms Associated With Menopause: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: There is an unmet need for long-term, safe, effective, and hormone-free treatments for menopausal symptoms, including vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and sleep disturbances.

Objective: To evaluate the 52-week efficacy and safety of elinzanetant, a dual neurokinin-targeted therapy, for treating moderate to severe VMS associated with menopause.

Design, Setting, And Participants: OASIS-3 was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized phase 3 clinical trial that was conducted at 83 sites in North America and Europe from August 27, 2021, to February 12, 2024, and included postmenopausal women aged 40 to 65 years who were seeking treatment for moderate to severe VMS (no requirement for a minimum number of VMS events per week).

Incidence and Prevalence of Frontotemporal Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Comprehensive incidence and prevalence rates of frontotemporal dementia are currently not available.

Objective: To estimate the incidence and prevalence of frontotemporal dementia and its clinical variants in the overall population and age subgroups.

Data Sources And Study Selection: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus between January 1, 1990, and October 22, 2024, for population-based studies estimating the incidence and/or prevalence of FTD.

Different sources and dosages of zinc oxide and copper influence growth performance and intestinal health of post-weaning piglets.

In pig production, weaning is a critical period where piglets face several environmental stressors. This transition leads to a significant growth reduction and can result in digestive disorders, including diarrhea. To formulate a feed that meets zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) requirements during the weaning period while minimizing their release into the environment, it became evident that a more bioavailable micro-mineral supplement is necessary.

Artificial intelligence in nutrition science: Balancing innovation and ethical responsibility.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied in nutrition science to support clinical decision-making, prevent diet-related diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, and improve nutrition care in both preventive and therapeutic settings. By analyzing diverse datasets, AI systems can support highly individualized nutritional guidance. We focus on machine learning applications and image recognition tools for dietary assessment and meal planning, highlighting their potential to enhance patient engagement and adherence through mobile apps and real-time feedback.

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Worsens Prognosis in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.

Background: Few data are available on the impact of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Objective: We conducted a retrospective study using TriNetX to compare the outcomes of patients with IBD and those with concomitant IBD and PSC.

Methods: All patients with a confirmed diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), or indeterminate colitis with or without PSC were eligible.

Health professions in Europe: more or less?

Health systems in Europe are under growing budgetary pressures to provide appropriate and affordable healthcare for their populations. At the same time, there is a worsening workforce crisis from the supply side among clinical roles, and there has been an expansion of new health professions in many countries. The current shortage of physicians in many European countries has become a matter of widespread concern at political and societal level.

FetalMLOps: operationalizing machine learning models for standard fetal ultrasound plane classification.

Fetal standard plane detection is essential in prenatal care, enabling accurate assessment of fetal development and early identification of potential anomalies. Despite significant advancements in machine learning (ML) in this domain, its integration into clinical workflows remains limited-primarily due to the lack of standardized, end-to-end operational frameworks. To address this gap, we introduce FetalMLOps, the first comprehensive MLOps framework specifically designed for fetal ultrasound imaging.

Orthorexia nervosa: nosographic category or not?

Orthorexia nervosa is defined as an exaggerated and obsessive fixation on healthy eating. In recent years, there has been growing debate over whether orthorexia nervosa should be considered a new psychiatric disorder. This paper discusses the conceptual issues that emerge from the attempt to identify the diagnostic criteria for orthorexia nervosa as opposed to non-pathological cases of healthy eating or 'healthy orthorexia'.

Effectiveness of Medical Nutrition Therapy in the Management of Patients with Obesity and Endometriosis: from the Mediterranean Diet To the Ketogenic Diet, Through Supplementation. The Role of the Nutritionist in Clinical Management.

Purpose Of The Review: This review aimed to summarize current evidence on the effectiveness of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) in the management of obesity and endometriosis, with a focus on dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean and Ketogenic diets, as well as nutritional supplementation. Additionally, it highlights the central role of the clinical nutritionist in implementing individualized, evidence-based interventions within multidisciplinary care.

Recent Findings: Although the literature reports the existence of an inverse relationship between risk of endometriosis and body mass index, clinical evidence jointly reports that a condition of obesity is associated with greater disease severity.

The role of renal denervation for the treatment of hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease: a position paper of the Italian Society of Nephrology.

Hypertension is a clinical condition associated with an increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypertension is also a driver of faster disease progression. Correct and appropriate treatment with antihypertensive medication reduces the risk of cardiovascular events and slows kidney disease progression.

Metastatic breast involvement from extramammary malignancies: a review of dissemination pathways, imaging features, and management strategies.

Metastatic involvement (MB) of the breast from extramammary malignancies is rare, with an incidence of 0.09-1.3% of all breast malignancies.

Construct validity, intrarater and interrater reliability of the Italian version of the systematic screening of handwriting difficulties (SOS) test in people with Parkinson's disease.

Background: The "Systematic Screening of Handwriting Difficulties in Parkinson's Disease" (SOS) test is the only tool specifically designed to evaluate handwriting in people with Parkinson's Disease (pwPD). It is language specific.

Objective: To assess the construct validity, intrarater and interrater reliability of the Italian version of the SOS test.

Sustainable Antiparasitic Agents from an Agro-Industrial Waste: Mitochondria-Targeting Cashew Nutshell Liquid-Derived Phosphonium and Ammonium Salts.

Innovative, sustainable therapies are urgently needed for neglected vector-borne parasitic diseases. In this study, we leveraged cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL), an agro-industrial byproduct, to develop biobased phosphonium and ammonium salts (-) targeting parasite mitochondria. By combining CNSL-derived C8 alkyl chains with lipophilic cations, we synthesized novel compounds exhibiting highly potent and activity against and spp.

Flatness-based control for generalized synchronization of chaotic systems with large dissipation and dimension mismatch.

A flat control law is based on the structural analysis of a controlled system, allowing optimal placement of sensors and actuators. Once designed, any desired dynamics can be imposed onto the system. When the target dynamics comes from a system structurally different from the controlled one, generalized synchronization can be achieved, provided the control gain is sufficiently large.

Topological modes of variability of the wind-driven ocean circulation.

Templexes are topological objects that encode the branching organization of a flow in phase space. We build on these objects to introduce the concept of topological modes of variability (TMVs). TMVs are defined as dynamical manifestations of algebraically defined cycles, called generatexes, in the templex; they provide a concrete link between abstract topological invariants and time-dependent behavior in a model or in observations.

Exploring Carbon-Sulfur (CS) Lyase Enzymes across Microbial Diversity for Enhanced Thiol Release in Beer and Wine.

Different precursors of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are present in fermented beverages, such as wine and beer. Carbon-sulfur (CS) lyases are enzymes that play a crucial role in releasing aromas from these varietal thiol precursors. These enzymes are expressed by various organisms, including yeasts and bacteria, involved in fermentation processes during brewing and winemaking.

UBA5-epileptic encephalopathy: new patient, a novel variant, and a review of epileptic phenotypes.

Protein ufymilation is a post-translational modification implicated in the regulation of several cellular processes. Biallelic variants in UBA5 causing a functional alteration of its protein product have been associated with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy 44 (EIEE44), a rare disease for which 28 patients have been described in the literature at present. We here report on the clinical and detailed EEG phenotype of a novel patient affected by EIEE44.

Skin intraneural phosphorylated α-synuclein is a highly specific biomarker for early Parkinson's disease.

An early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) represents a challenge and novel accurate biomarkers are therefore urgently needed. Detection of phosphorylated α-synuclein (p-α-syn) in skin nerve fibers has shown promise as such a marker. However, its accuracy for the identification of PD among patients with early signs of parkinsonism has not been thoroughly explored.

Devitrification and melting in vapor deposited ice.

The equilibration dynamics of ultrastable glasses subjected to heating protocols has attracted recent experimental and theoretical interest. With simulations of the mW water model, we investigate the devitrification and "melting" dynamics of both conventional quenched (QG) and vapor deposited (DG) amorphous ices under controlled heating ramps. By developing an algorithm to reconstruct hydrogen-bond networks, we show that bond ring statistics correlate with the structural stability of the glasses and allow tracking crystalline and liquid clusters during devitrification and melting.

Toward electron self-localization in H2 gas: Multiple scattering effects on the electron drift mobility at low temperature and intermediate densities.

We report here the first measurements of the electron drift mobility μ in gaseous H2 in the intermediate density range 0.5 × 1026 m-3 ≤ N ≤ 5 × 1026 m-3, at low temperature, T = 49.7 K and T = 29.

Reproducibility of fixed-node diffusion Monte Carlo across diverse community codes: The case of water-methane dimer.

Fixed-node diffusion quantum Monte Carlo (FN-DMC) is a widely trusted many-body method for solving the Schrödinger equation, known for its reliable predictions of material and molecular properties. Furthermore, its excellent scalability with system complexity and near-perfect utilization of computational power make FN-DMC ideally positioned to leverage new advances in computing to address increasingly complex scientific problems. Even though the method is widely used as a computational gold standard, reproducibility across the numerous FN-DMC code implementations has yet to be demonstrated.