Genetically determined body mass index is associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in polygenic and Mendelian randomization analyses.

Obesity has been associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but the evidence is inconclusive. We examined the association between genetically determined adiposity and four common NHL subtypes: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and marginal zone lymphoma, using eight genome-wide association studies of European ancestry (N = 10,629 cases, 9505 controls) and constructing polygenic scores for body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI). Higher genetically determined BMI was associated with an increased risk of DLBCL [odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (SD) = 1.

The cost burden of radiation cystitis presentations and investigations.

Background: Radiation cystitis is a well-known complication resulting from radiotherapy for pelvic malignancies. It remains a challenging condition to treat and is associated with significant morbidity for patients. We aimed to establish the economic cost burden of presentations and investigations associated with radiation cystitis over a two-year period to a tertiary referral hospital in Ireland.

Exploring Virtual Reality as a Tool for Enhancing Teaching and Learning Anatomy to Medical Students: A Feasibility and Acceptability Study.

Background: Virtual reality (VR) provides an immersive, interactive 3D learning environment with increasing use in medical education. It benefits surgical training and, increasingly more so in anatomy education, particularly where access to human body dissection is limited. Although VR can enhance engagement and knowledge retention, concerns remain regarding usability, feasibility and cybersickness.

Health Status Outcomes With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in ISCHEMIA.

Background: In ISCHEMIA (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness With Medical and Invasive Approaches), an invasive strategy demonstrated better health status outcomes than a conservative strategy in patients with chronic coronary disease (CCD). Some previous studies have shown greater health status benefits with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) than percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Whether the health status benefits of invasive management in ISCHEMIA were driven primarily by participants treated with CABG is unknown.

Protocol for an umbrella review of the state-of-science on public and patient involvement in health and social care research with children, young people and families.

Background: Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) refers to the active collaboration of patients and the public in health and social care research decision-making, enhancing research success, cost-effectiveness, and impact. Children, young people, and their families bring unique lived experiences to PPI in research, relating to others with similar experiences, while factors like age, cognitive maturation, and developmental stage create differences between researchers and patients or the public. Collaboration with children, young people, and their families should be guided by specific project context and a strong evidence base.

Elevated FDG uptake in non-tumorous lung regions does not predict immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis in lung cancer patients.

Background: Predictors for checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (cinrPneumonitis) are desperately needed. This study aimed to investigate the pretreatment standardized uptake value (SUV) on [F]FDG-PET/CT of non-tumorous lung tissue as a predictive imaging marker for the development of cinrPneumonitis in 239 patients with lung cancer.

Methods: All patients with lung cancer receiving [F]Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) prior to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy were included and retrospectively analyzed.

Parental socioeconomic position, childhood poverty and healthy ageing: retrospective and prospective study of six cohort surveys across 32 wealthy and developing nations.

Unlabelled: The childhood poor in wealthy countries have reported worse cognitive, muscle and mental functions as well as more frailty and multimorbidity as older adults. But it is uncertain whether the childhood poor around the world fall short of attaining healthy ageing because information of childhood conditions is often erroneous. Here I present new evidence on the life course shaping of healthy ageing among older adults around the world.

The genome sequence of the China Limpet, Gmelin, 1791 (Patellidae).

We present a genome assembly from a specimen of (China Limpet; Mollusca; Gastropoda; Patellidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 693.56 megabases.

The genome sequence of a cranefly, ( ) Loew, 1873.

We present a genome assembly from an individual female cranefly, (Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Tipulidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 1,204.70 megabases.

Implementing Evidence-Based Quality Improvement in Health Care Quality and Patient Safety and Clinical Research Programs.

Background And Objectives: This paper defines quality improvement (QI), describes the differences and connections among QI, clinical audit/quality assurance, and clinical research, highlights the importance of strong organizational governance for QI, and provides a simplified, evidence-based QI methodology that can be readily used by health care staff.

Methods: The authors draw on their diverse QI experiences, encompassing a university maternity hospital, a radiation oncology specialist center, an acute general hospital, senior health care management, and academia. This demonstrates the feasibility of implementing QI in diverse health care settings and by all members of the multidisciplinary team.

Rare Mononuclear Lithium-Carbene Complex for Atomic Layer Deposition of Lithium Containing Thin Films.

Lithium is the core material of modern battery technologies and fabricating the lithium-containing materials with atomic layer deposition (ALD) confers significant benefits in control of film composition and thickness. In this work, a new mononuclear N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) stabilized lithium complex, [Li(NHC)(hmds)], is introduced as a promising precursor for ALD of lithium-containing thin films. Structural characterization is performed, comparing density functional theory (DFT) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD), confirming a rare mononuclear structure.

Reduction in Dressing Change Burden in Patients With Epidermolysis Bullosa-Impact of Oleogel-S10.

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a severe genetic disorder marked by skin fragility and blistering from minimal trauma. Management relies on frequent and painful dressing changes. The EASE study (NCT03068780), the largest to date in EB, previously demonstrated accelerated wound healing and reduced wound burden for Oleogel-S10 (birch triterpenes) versus control gel.

A case-matched controlled retrospective performance indexed analysis of Thoroughbred racehorses that underwent surgical repair of proximal phalanx and third meta-carpal/tarsal condylar fractures.

Background: Standing fracture repair has become established as an acceptable technique with a good long-term prognosis. However, no study has compared racing outcomes with case-matched controls.

Objectives: To compare racing outcomes between a large dataset of horses undergoing standing fracture repair against case-matched controls.

Density-dependent network structuring within and across wild animal systems.

Theory predicts that high population density leads to more strongly connected spatial and social networks, but how local density drives individuals' positions within their networks is unclear. This gap reduces our ability to understand and predict density-dependent processes. Here we show that density drives greater network connectedness at the scale of individuals within wild animal populations.

The Epstein-Barr Virus in Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: Pathogenesis, Immunobiology, and Therapeutic Implications.

Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is a unique B cell malignancy characterised by the presence of Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells within an extensive inflammatory microenvironment. In approximately 40% of cases- particularly in the mixed cellularity subtype-HRS cells are infected with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). EBV-positive cHL displays a restricted pattern of viral gene expression (latency II), with functional contributions from EBNA1, LMP1, and LMP2A/B, as well as some non-coding RNAs.

Spirometry thresholds for clinical trial eligibility: time for urgent re-evaluation.

A common eligibility criterion in respiratory clinical trials is a per cent-predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (ppFEV) between 40% and 90%, using the ethnicity-dependent Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI)-2012 spirometry reference equations. International societies now endorse the newer 'race-neutral' GLI-Global equations. We quantify the impact on trial eligibility of switching from GLI-2012 to GLI-Global for the UK Cystic Fibrosis Registry (n=8182).

Action design research to develop an interactive dashboard to visualise and compare patient data from Irish general practice (CARA).

Objective: A dashboard was developed with and for Irish general practitioners (GPs) to improve their understanding of practice data. The aim of this study was to design and develop interactive CARA dashboards to enable Irish GPs to visualise patient data and compare their data with other practices.

Design: An interpretivist qualitative approach was taken to create a deeper understanding of how GPs view and engage with data.

Assessing the impact of binge drinking and a prebiotic intervention on the gut-brain axis in young adults: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Adolescence and youth are periods of significant maturational changes, which seem to involve greater susceptibility to disruptive events in the brain, such as binge drinking (BD). This pattern-characterised by repeated episodes of alcohol intoxication-is of particular concern, as it has been associated with significant alterations in the developing brain. Recent evidence indicates that alcohol may also induce changes in gut microbiota composition and that such disturbances can lead to impairments in both brain function and behaviour.

Does online information about hormone replacement therapy (or menopause hormone therapy) reflect indications from the British National Formulary and guidance from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: a cross-sectional study of UK media.

Objectives: To describe: (1) the most visible information (from individuals or organisations) on UK social media regarding hormone replacement therapy (HRT)/menopause hormone treatment for menopause; (2) claims made by these sources for HRT and testosterone outwith the indications specified by the British National Formulary (BNF) and the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (ie, vasomotor instability, vaginal dryness, low mood associated with the menopause and, for testosterone, low libido after treatment with HRT) and for use for the prevention of future ill health and (3) conflicts of interest of commentators.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Online references to HRT, for use in menopause, in UK online media, comprising Facebook, Google, Instagram, TikTok and YouTube, 30 top ranked hits between 1 January 2022 and 1 June 2023 and Twitter (X) up to 1 May 2024.

European Respiratory Society statement on advanced telemedicine for obstructive sleep apnoea (e-Sleep).

Telemedicine (TM) as a means of remote patient-physician interaction is gaining popularity in nearly every field, and (respiratory) sleep medicine is no exception. Because obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a chronic condition, and requires a continuous treatment and monitoring of therapy success, telematic communications could be useful to establish diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This Statement summarises the evidence and efficacy of TM options in OSA.

ERS/EULAR clinical practice guidelines for connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung diseaseDeveloped by the task force for connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) and the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR)Endorsed by the European Reference Network on rare respiratory diseases (ERN-LUNG).

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequent manifestation of connective tissue diseases (CTDs) and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Clinical practice guidelines to standardise screening, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up for CTD-ILD are of high importance for optimised patient care.

Methods: A European Respiratory Society and European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology task force committee, composed of pulmonologists, rheumatologists, pathologists, radiologists, methodologists and patient representatives, developed recommendations based on PICO (Patients, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes) questions with grading of the evidence according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations) methodology and complementary narrative questions agreed on by both societies.

"Targeting the Glabellar Frown Lines with OnabotulinumtoxinA: In-Silico Evidence Supporting Concentrated, Low-Volume Injection Protocols".

Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A (BoNT-A) remains the cornerstone of glabellar frown line treatment, yet conventional low-dose, high-volume protocols often result in limited durability and imprecise diffusion. This study presents multiscale, in silico framework specifically designed to evaluate high-dose (60-80 Units), low-volume (≤0.045 mL/site) BoNT-A glabellar injection strategies across anatomically realistic conditions.

Current Situation of Solid Organ Transplantation from HIV-Positive Donors to HIV-Positive Recipients in Europe. The Spanish Perspective.

Objectives: There is limited information on the use of organs from HIV-positive donors (HIV D+) for HIV-positive recipients (HIV R+) in Europe. In some countries the use of HIV D+ organs is prohibited by law. This study aimed to assess the attitudes of Spanish kidney and liver transplant (KT/LT) teams towards HIV D+/R+ KT/LT through a nationwide survey, and to evaluate the current situation across Europe regarding legislation and reported cases.