Sex-specific behavioral impairments and neuronal alterations in Wistar rats following repeated sevoflurane exposure during developmental stages.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of repeated exposure to sevoflurane as an anesthetic agent during various developmental stages, namely neonatal, preadolescent, and adult, on behavioral, synaptic, and neuronal plasticity in male and female Wistar rats.

Methods: Rats were exposed to sevoflurane during three developmental stages: neonatal (PN7), pre-adolescence (PN28), and adulthood (PN90). Behavioral performance was evaluated with the Morris Water Maze.

Dynamic systems modeling for quality improvement in reducing neonatal mortality: evidence from Kerman and Bam, Iran.

Purpose: Neonatal mortality is a significant global health issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to identify and understand the factors contributing to high neonatal mortality rates in the cities of Kerman and Bam, Iran, to develop effective strategies for improvement.

Design/methodology/approach: We employed systems dynamics to develop Causal Loop Diagrams that capture qualitative interactions among determinants of neonatal mortality.

Randomized Clinical Trial on the Efficacy of Oral Tranexamic Acid Versus Topical Tranexamic Acid in Treatment of Melasma.

Background: Melasma is a prevalent skin condition that primarily affects females of reproductive age. Despite the various available treatments, managing melasma is challenging due to frequent relapses and partial responses. Tranexamic acid (TXA) has gained attention as a potential treatment because of its antifibrinolytic and anti-melanogenic properties.

Composite Scaffolds of Decellularized Placenta/PRP Enhance the Differentiation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Into Insulin-Producing Cells In Vitro.

In the current in vitro experiment, we fabricated and characterized placenta/platelet-rich plasma (PL/Pt) composite scaffolds and evaluated their effect on differentiating adipose stem cells (ASCs) into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) in vitro. The human placenta (PL) was decellularized (dPL), characterized, and digested in pepsin. PRP was extracted using a two-step centrifugation process and then freeze-dried.

Time perception deficits in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): The role of working memory, attention and reaction time.

Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is linked to time perception deficits, with theories such as Scalar Expectancy Theory (SET) and Dynamic Attending Theory (DAT) offering different explanations. SET suggests time perception relies on a pacemaker-counter system influenced by working memory, whereas DAT highlights the role of attention in modulating time perception. This study examines the impact of attention, working memory, and motor response on time perception in children with ADHD.

Variation of Morphology and Optical Properties of PVD Coated Titanium Dioxide Layers at Different Oxygen Flows.

Titanium dioxide (TiO) thin films were deposited on glass substrates under HV conditions at room temperature by the physical vapor deposition method. Produced titanium thin films were post-annealed at 573 K at different oxygen flows (0, 9 and 23 cm/s). The influence of different oxygen flows on nano-structure, crystallography, and optical parameters of TiO films was investigated by XRD, AFM, and spectrophotometer in the UV-VIS wavelength range.

Studying the relationship between allergo-inflammation and left atrium and pulmonary vein pathological changes in allergic asthma.

Allergic asthma is an inflammatory airway disease influenced by genetic and environmental factors and orchestrated by imbalance between T helper 1 cell (Th1) and two immune responses. Inflammation contributes to pathological changes and remodeling in tissues such as the vascular, lung, heart, and beds. The purpose for this study was to evaluate the effects of allergic asthma on heart pathology and remodeling.

Fabrication and production of conjugated neurotensin-silver nanoparticles and evaluation of its effect on pathophysiology of allergic asthma.

Asthma, a respiratory tract disease, is characterized by inflammation and obstruction of airway. Inflammatory cells play a significant role in allergic asthma, and there is no complete cure for asthma. One of the new approaches in medicines is nanoparticle-base treatment.

Comparison of the Synergistic Effects of Black Tea and Microwave with Gentamicin and Microwave on cyst Mortality .

Objective: Drug resistance in poses a significant challenge, prompting the need for alternative treatments. This research aimed to explore the combined treatment of chemical or phytomedicines and microwaves radiation.

Methods: The strain was cultivated on non-nutrient agar.

Effectiveness of deep brain stimulation in alleviating treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a systematic review.

The complexity of schizophrenia, particularly in cases resistant to traditional pharmacological treatments, poses significant challenges for clinicians and researchers. This systematic review synthesizes existing evidence on the effectiveness of deep brain stimulation in treating treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Utilizing the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted in March 2025 using the "Connected Papers" tool and other sources such as Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Scopus, focusing on studies related to "deep brain stimulation," "treatment-resistant schizophrenia," and "refractory schizophrenia.

The Relationship Between Pulpal Diagnostic Conditions and Potential Inflammatory Biomarkers.

Introduction: Accurate diagnosis of pulpal health is crucial to identify the most effective therapeutic approach. However, differentiating pulpal conditions, which may require different treatment approaches, remains a challenge. This study aimed to address this gap by investigating the protein levels of 17 inflammatory biomarkers simultaneously in the dental pulp with different clinical diagnoses.

Associations of Major Dietary Patterns With Breast Cancer Among Iranian Women: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study.

Background And Aims: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Several studies have investigated the relationship between breast cancer and specific foods or nutrients, rather than examining an overall dietary pattern. This study aims to investigate the association between breast cancer and the predominant dietary pattern in Ahvaz city.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-Induced Organ Toxicities: Mechanisms, Management, and Prevention Strategies.

Fluoropyrimidines are a class of chemotherapy drugs used to treat various solid tumors. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) an antimetabolite in the fluoropyrimidine family, which has shown remarkable efficacy against a variety of solid tumors, is a crucial medication in the treatment of cancer. However, severe organ toxicities frequently restrict its therapeutic potential.

The Effect of Ginseng Supplementation on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.

Although numerous clinical studies suggest that ginseng supplementation may benefit cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, results remain inconclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of ginseng supplementation on CVD-related risk factors. Relevant studies were identified through electronic searches in Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and CENTRAL up to August 2024.

Anticancer, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of . Leaf Extract.

Objective: This study was conducted to determine and compare the antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial effects of spindle leaves of L. () (oleaster) leaves.

Methods: Total phenolic content was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, phenolic compound analysis by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) and antimicrobial effect by the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) method.

Lipid-based nanoparticles: advancing therapeutic strategies for vitiligo management.

Vitiligo, a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of depigmented skin patches, remains a therapeutic challenge due to its multifactorial pathogenesis and the absence of highly effective treatment options. Although the exact etiology of vitiligo is not fully understood, factors such as genetic factors, oxidative stress, autoimmunity, and inflammation are implicated in the destruction of melanocytes. Current therapeutic strategies primarily focus on modulating immune responses and alleviating oxidative stress.

mtDNA copy number/ axis in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.

Introduction: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number variations have been reported in multiple human cancers. Previous studies indicate that mitochondrial retrograde signaling regulates , which plays a key role in tumorigenesis, including regulating apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor (). This study investigates the expression of and in relation to mtDNA copy number in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast.

Free and encapsulated stem cells for skin regeneration.

Optimal skin healing is a sophisticated, coordinated process involving cellular and molecular interactions. Disruptions in this process can result in chronic wounds, necessitating medical intervention, particularly when the damage surpasses the body's regenerative capabilities. In response, novel therapies, especially tissue engineering and stem cell treatments, have been devised to restore tissue architecture and maximum functionality.

Photoplethysmography based non-invasive blood glucose estimation using systolic-diastolic framing MFCC features and machine learning regression.

Introduction: Accurate and non-invasive blood glucose estimation is essential for effective health monitoring. Traditional methods are invasive and inconvenient, often leading to poor patient compliance. This study introduces a novel approach that leverages systolic-diastolic framing Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (SDFMFCC) to enhance the accuracy and reliability of blood glucose estimation using photoplethysmography (PPG) signals.

Biomarkers for colorectal cancer detection: An insight into colorectal cancer and FDA-approved biomarkers.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) constitutes a significant global health challenge, accounting for a considerable proportion of cancer cases and associated mortality. Projections indicate a potential increase in new cases by 2040, attributed to demographic factors such as aging and population growth. Although advancements in the understanding of CRC pathophysiology have broadened treatment options, challenges such as drug resistance and adverse effects persist, highlighting the necessity for enhanced diagnostic methodologies.

Silencing Calumenin Expression via Artificial MicroRNA, a Potential Breakthrough for Inhibiting Proliferation, Halting Migration, and Triggering Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells.

Purpose: Calumenin (CALU) is a calcium-binding protein involved in several physiological processes, exhibiting tumor-specific expression variation and emerging as a potential player in cancer progression. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between CALU and clinicopathological features in breast cancer (BC) and perform a functional assessment of CALU based on a microRNA-mediated knockdown approach.

Methods: The BC tissues' CALU expression was measured by q-RT-PCR.

Tumor Microenvironment Responsive TPZ-Loaded Core-Shell Polymeric Nanoparticles for Selective Cancer Bioreductive Therapy.

Purpose: Tumor hypoxia is a key barrier to successful delivery and activity of anti-cancer agents. To tackle this, we designed hypoxia-responsive Au-PEI-Azo-mPEG nanoparticles (NPs) denoted as APAP NPs for targeted delivery of hypoxia-activated prodrug (HAP), tirapazamine (TPZ) to hypoxic breast cancer cells.

Methods: AuNPs were first synthesized.

Hypoxic exosomes alleviated the spinal cord injury after ischemic/reperfusion in a rat model.

Purpose: Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (SCII) is initiated following the occlusion of supporting blood vessels, leading to the loss of neurological function. Here, we aimed to study the regenerative properties of tourniquet-induced hindlimb ischemia exosomes (Exos) in SCII Wistar rats.

Methods: Exos were isolated from rats following tourniquet-induced hindlimb ischemia.

Therapeutic Potential of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Angiogenesis and Cardiac Regeneration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Rodent Models.

Purpose: Myocardial infarction (MI), the leading cause of human mortality, is induced by a sudden interruption of blood supply. Among various stem cell types, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are novel and valid cell sources for the restoration of vascularization in the ischemic tissue. The present study aimed to evaluate the regenerative properties of EPCs in rodent models of MI.