Fermented Food Consumption Across European Regions: Protocol for the Development and Validation of the Web-Based Fermented Foods Frequency Questionnaire (3FQ).

Background: Fermented foods vary significantly by food substrate and regional consumption patterns. Although they are consumed worldwide, their intake and potential health benefits remain understudied. Europe, in particular, lacks specific consumption recommendations for most fermented foods.

Pain, Agitation, Delirium, and Iatrogenic Withdrawal Syndrome Management in Children Who Are Critically Ill: Protocol for a European Clinical Practice Guideline Using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Approach.

Background: In pediatric intensive care units, pain, sedation, delirium, and iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome (IWS) must be managed as interrelated conditions. Although clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) exist, new evidence needs to be incorporated, gaps in recommendations addressed, and recommendations adapted to the European context.

Objective: This protocol describes the development of the first patient- and family-informed European guideline for managing pain, sedation, delirium, and IWS by the European Society of Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care.

State-Dependent Dynamic Communication Networks in a Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channel.

Pentameric ligand-gated ion channels control synaptic neurotransmission via an allosteric mechanism, whereby agonist binding induces global protein conformational changes that open an ion-conducting pore. For the proton-activated bacterial () ligand-gated ion channel (GLIC), high-resolution structures are available in multiple conformational states. We used a library of atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study conformational changes and to perform dynamic network analysis to elucidate the communication pathways underlying the gating process.

Gadolinium-Enhanced Aneurysm Wall Imaging and Risk of Intracranial Aneurysm Growth or Rupture.

Importance: Recent longitudinal studies in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) suggested that aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predicts growth and rupture. However, because these studies were limited by small sample size and short follow-up duration, it remains unclear whether this radiological biomarker has predictive value for UIA instability.

Objective: To determine the 4-year risk of instability of UIAs with AWE and investigate whether AWE is an independent predictor of UIA instability.

Different sources and dosages of zinc oxide and copper influence growth performance and intestinal health of post-weaning piglets.

In pig production, weaning is a critical period where piglets face several environmental stressors. This transition leads to a significant growth reduction and can result in digestive disorders, including diarrhea. To formulate a feed that meets zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) requirements during the weaning period while minimizing their release into the environment, it became evident that a more bioavailable micro-mineral supplement is necessary.

Blood proteomic signatures associated with disease activity in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Background And Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), remain heterogeneous disorders with variable response to biologics. Post-operative recurrence in CD is common despite surgery and prophylactic biotherapies. Understanding the inflammatory mediators associated with recurrence and treatment response could pave the way for personalized strategies.

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Worsens Prognosis in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.

Background: Few data are available on the impact of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Objective: We conducted a retrospective study using TriNetX to compare the outcomes of patients with IBD and those with concomitant IBD and PSC.

Methods: All patients with a confirmed diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), or indeterminate colitis with or without PSC were eligible.

An early prediction of postprandial glycemia evolution using the MD001 algorithm: a muticentre prospective trial.

To date, the closed-loop system represents the best commercialized management of type 1 diabetes. However, mealtimes still require carbohydrate estimation and are often associated with postprandial hyperglycemia which may contribute to poor metabolic control and long -term complications. A multicentre, prospective, non-interventional clinical trial was designed to determine the effectiveness of a novel algorithm to predict changes in blood glucose levels two hours after a usual meal.

Patient Preferences and Understanding of Glaucoma Treatment: A Nationwide Survey by the French Glaucoma Society.

Introduction: Glaucoma treatment predominantly involves the use of topical anti-glaucoma eye drops, with patient adherence influenced by individual preferences. This study aimed to assess these preferences and highlight the importance of personalized treatment approaches among ophthalmologists.

Methods: This French multicenter, cross-sectional study involved 21 ophthalmologists-members of the Board of Directors of the French Society of Glaucoma-from both public and private practices, who distributed a standardized questionnaire to their patients with glaucoma.

An Indirect Treatment Comparison of Avalglucosidase Alfa versus Cipaglucosidase Alfa Plus Miglustat in Patients with Late-Onset Pompe Disease.

Introduction: No head-to-head studies comparing the efficacy of avalglucosidase alfa (AVA) with cipaglucosidase alfa + miglustat (Cipa+mig) have been conducted in patients with late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD). Two indirect treatment comparisons (ITCs) were conducted to estimate the effects of AVA versus Cipa+mig.

Methods: ITCs were conducted using simulated treatment comparisons (STCs), adjusting for differences in prognostic factors and treatment effect modifiers.

Effectiveness and Safety of Insulin Glargine 300 U/ml in High-Risk Subgroups (Renal Impairment and Older Age ≥ 70 years) of Insulin-Naïve People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Post hoc Analysis of Real-World ATOS Study.

Introduction: This post hoc analysis of an A Toujeo Observational Study (ATOS) aims to evaluate the real-world effectiveness and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/ml (Gla-300) in high-risk subgroups of insulin-naïve people with type 2 diabetes (PwT2D) from multiple geographical regions (Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, Latin America, and Eastern Europe).

Methods: In these post hoc analyses of ATOS, a real-world, 12-month, prospective study included 4422 insulin-naïve adults (age ≥ 18 years) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) uncontrolled (HbA > 7% and ≤ 11%) on one or more oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) who initiated Gla-300 treatment as per routine practice. Primary and secondary endpoints were studied according to renal impairment (RI) status (without or with) and age group ( View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Construct validity, intrarater and interrater reliability of the Italian version of the systematic screening of handwriting difficulties (SOS) test in people with Parkinson's disease.

Background: The "Systematic Screening of Handwriting Difficulties in Parkinson's Disease" (SOS) test is the only tool specifically designed to evaluate handwriting in people with Parkinson's Disease (pwPD). It is language specific.

Objective: To assess the construct validity, intrarater and interrater reliability of the Italian version of the SOS test.

Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 receptor agonists on bone health in people living with obesity.

Medications like liraglutide 3.0 mg daily (Saxenda®; Novo Nordisk) and semaglutide 2.4 mg weekly (Wegovy®; Novo Nordisk), which are glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1Ra), have been sanctioned for prolonged weight management in people living with obesity (PwO).

The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Staging Project: The Impact of Smoking Status on Lung Cancer Staging in the Ninth Edition of the TNM Classification.

Introduction: Cigarette smoking negatively affects lung cancer prognosis. Incorporating smoking history into stage-stratified survival analyses may improve prognostication.

Methods: Using the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer ninth edition NSCLC database, we evaluated the association between smoking status at diagnosis and overall survival (OS) using Kaplan-Meier plots and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for age, region, sex, histologic type, performance status, and TNM stage.

SEPTIN9 locally activates the RhoGEF ARHGEF18 to promote early stages of mitochondrial fission.

Mitochondria continually undergo fission to maintain their network and health. Nascent fission sites are marked by the ER, which facilitates actin polymerization to drive calcium flux into the mitochondrion and constrict the inner mitochondrial membrane. Septins are a major eukaryotic cytoskeleton component that forms filaments that can both directly and indirectly modulate other cytoskeleton components, including actin.

Flatness-based control for generalized synchronization of chaotic systems with large dissipation and dimension mismatch.

A flat control law is based on the structural analysis of a controlled system, allowing optimal placement of sensors and actuators. Once designed, any desired dynamics can be imposed onto the system. When the target dynamics comes from a system structurally different from the controlled one, generalized synchronization can be achieved, provided the control gain is sufficiently large.

Topological modes of variability of the wind-driven ocean circulation.

Templexes are topological objects that encode the branching organization of a flow in phase space. We build on these objects to introduce the concept of topological modes of variability (TMVs). TMVs are defined as dynamical manifestations of algebraically defined cycles, called generatexes, in the templex; they provide a concrete link between abstract topological invariants and time-dependent behavior in a model or in observations.

Kre6-dependent β-1,6-glucan biosynthesis only occurs in the conidium of .

The structural role of β-1,6-glucan has remained under-investigated in filamentous fungi compared to other fungal cell wall polymers, and previous studies have shown that the cell wall of the mycelium of did not contain β-1,6-glucans. In contrast, the current solid-state NMR investigations showed that the conidial cell wall contained a low amount of β-1,6-glucan. ssNMR comparisons of the and β-1,6-glucans showed they are structurally similar.

Exploring Carbon-Sulfur (CS) Lyase Enzymes across Microbial Diversity for Enhanced Thiol Release in Beer and Wine.

Different precursors of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are present in fermented beverages, such as wine and beer. Carbon-sulfur (CS) lyases are enzymes that play a crucial role in releasing aromas from these varietal thiol precursors. These enzymes are expressed by various organisms, including yeasts and bacteria, involved in fermentation processes during brewing and winemaking.

No Association Between Vocal Emotion Recognition and Subjective Parental Reporting of Alexithymia in School-Age Children With Hearing Aids.

Objectives: Alexithymia is characterized by difficulties in identifying and describing one's own emotions. Alexithymia has previously been associated with deficits in the processing of emotional information at both behavioral and neurobiological levels, and some studies have shown elevated levels of alexithymic traits in adults with hearing loss. This explorative study investigated alexithymia in young and adolescent school-age children with hearing aids in relation to (1) a sample of age-matched children with normal hearing, (2) age, (3) hearing thresholds, and (4) vocal emotion recognition.

Degradation of LiNiMnO Cathodes in the PFSI Ionic Liquid Electrolyte and Carbonate Electrolytes.

LiNiMnO (LNMO) is a promising material for the cathode of lithium-ion batteries (LiBs); however, its high operating voltage causes stability issues when used with carbonate battery electrolytes. Ionic liquids are a viable alternative to conventional carbonate solvents due to their thermal stability and electrochemical window. This work reports the performance of LNMO/Li half cells with an ionic liquid electrolyte (ILE) composed of 0.

Reproducibility of fixed-node diffusion Monte Carlo across diverse community codes: The case of water-methane dimer.

Fixed-node diffusion quantum Monte Carlo (FN-DMC) is a widely trusted many-body method for solving the Schrödinger equation, known for its reliable predictions of material and molecular properties. Furthermore, its excellent scalability with system complexity and near-perfect utilization of computational power make FN-DMC ideally positioned to leverage new advances in computing to address increasingly complex scientific problems. Even though the method is widely used as a computational gold standard, reproducibility across the numerous FN-DMC code implementations has yet to be demonstrated.