Impact of social participation on frailty among older adults: a multinational cohort study from the USA, England, China and Mexico.

Background: With global population ageing, frailty poses a growing public-health challenge. Many countries have promoted social participation to mitigate frailty among older adults, but the cross-national consistency of this association remains unclear.

Methods: We harmonised data from four longitudinal cohort studies (N=20 947) conducted in England, the USA, China and Mexico with respect to measures of social participation and frailty.

Complications after complex device implantation: how important is implanter seniority?

Background: The complication risk of procedures may be influenced by operator and institutional characteristics. Our aim was to assess whether supervising consultant seniority and operative volume, and hospital volume were associated with the risk of reintervention following complex device implantation.

Methods: A nationwide population-based study was performed using the National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcomes Research registry including all patients receiving their first transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillator or cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) implant in England over 5 years (April 2014-March 2019).

Mammographic density assessed using deep learning in women at high risk of developing breast cancer: the effect of weight change on density.

High mammographic density (MD) and excess weight are both associated with increased risk of breast cancer. Classically defined percentage density measures tend to increase with reduced weight due to disproportionate loss of breast fat, however the effect of weight loss on artificial intelligence-based density scores is unknown. We investigated an artificial intelligence-based density method, reporting density changes in 46 women enrolled in a weight-loss study in a family history breast cancer clinic, using a volumetric density method as a comparison.

Risk factors to predict mortality in people with seizures reattending emergency departments: a dual-centre study.

Background: Recurrent seizure-related emergency department (ED) attendances are common and associated with poor outcomes. We aimed to identify factors associated with repeated seizure-related ED use and to develop a mortality risk score among individuals re-attending with seizures.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study across two district general hospitals in South-West England, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust (RCH; 2015-2018) and Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Trust (RUH; 2018-2022).

Assessing and Improving Study Skills Support in Medical Education Through a Student-Staff Partnership: Mixed Methods Approach.

Background: The necessity for self-regulated, lifelong learners in the rapidly evolving field of medicine underscores the importance of effective study skills. Efforts to support students with these skills have had positive outcomes but are often limited in scope and accessibility, with a tendency to target groups facing immediate challenges.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the student perspective on study skills support at University College London Medical School through a student-staff partnership, with the goal of guiding future improvements.

A national cohort study of melanoma BRAF status, testing patterns, patient and tumour characteristics, treatment and survival in England 2016-21.

Background: Inadequacy of testing for melanoma BRAF status results in delayed access to systemic therapy. BRAF mutations and their association with patient/tumour characteristics and survival is poorly understood.

Objectives: To report national data from England on the (1) frequency of molecular BRAF testing, (2) association of patient/tumour characteristics with BRAF mutations and (3) treatment received and survival of patients with BRAF mutations.

The landscape of microbial associations in human cancer.

Oncomicrobes are estimated to cause 15% of cancers worldwide. When cancer whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data are collected, the microbes present are also sequenced, allowing the investigation of potential etiological and clinical associations. Interrogating the microbial community for 8908 patients encompassing 22 cancer types from the Genomics England WGS dataset revealed that only colorectal tumors exhibited unmistakably distinct microbial communities that can reliably be used to distinguish anatomical site [positive predictive value (PPV) = 0.

Exploring the Impact of Schizophrenia and Its Pharmacological Treatment on Health-Related Quality of Life and Treatment Preferences.

Purpose: Pharmacological treatments play an important role in managing symptoms of schizophrenia but can also be associated with side effects. The aim of this study was to understand the impact of schizophrenia and its pharmacological treatment on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and to explore patient preferences around treatment benefits and side effects.

Patients And Methods: This study employed a mixed methods approach with two stages of recruitment of adult patients in Spain.

A passive and objective measure of recognition memory in mild cognitive impairment using Fastball memory assessment.

As viable pharmacotherapies and blood biomarkers emerge for dementia treatment and screening, there remains a great need for accurate, sensitive biomarkers of cognitive function. We have previously demonstrated that Fastball, a new Electroencephalography (EEG) method for the passive and objective measurement of recognition memory that requires no behavioural memory response or task comprehension, is sensitive to cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Here we present new evidence that Fastball is sensitive to amnestic dysfunction in an earlier stage of the dementia lifecourse, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).

Global trends and prospects of endothelial keratoplasty from 2004 to 2023: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: Endothelial keratoplasty (EK) has revolutionized the treatment of corneal diseases by offering a less invasive alternative to traditional full-thickness keratoplasty. Over the past decades, EK techniques have evolved significantly, improving surgical outcomes, expediting recovery, and reducing postoperative complications. Nevertheless, challenges such as postoperative rejection and endothelial cell loss persist.

Covid-19 infodemic: media literacy and perception of fake news among residents of Ikeja, Lagos state.

This study investigates media literacy and the perception of fake news among residents of Ikeja, Lagos State, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from 378 respondents selected through a multi-stage sampling approach across two wards. A structured questionnaire assessed participants' exposure to news, awareness of misinformation, and their strategies for verification.

Measured and self-reported hypertension among women of reproductive age, Gambia, Kenya, Mozambique.

Problem: In sub-Saharan Africa, hypertension prevalence is usually estimated from participant recall. We assessed the accuracy of self-reported hypertension in women of reproductive age.

Approach: In PRECISE (PREgnancy Care Integrating translational Science, Everywhere), an observational prospective cohort study, we recruited 1825 non-pregnant women of reproductive age, 610 in the Gambia, 609 in Kenya and 606 in Mozambique.

Trends in prescription opioid use in Europe: A DARWIN EU multinational cohort study including seven European countries.

Background: The opioid crisis has been a serious public health challenge in North America for decades, despite numerous efforts to mitigate its devastating consequences. As concerns grow about a similar situation developing in Europe, we evaluated the trends in opioid use and characterized prescribing indications across seven European countries.

Methods: We conducted a multinational cohort study using electronic health records from various healthcare settings: primary care [Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) GOLD (United Kingdom), Sistema d'Informació per al Desenvolupament de la Investigació en Atenció Primària (SIDIAP, Spain), and Integrated Primary Care Information Project (IPCI, the Netherlands)]; primary and outpatient specialist care [IQVIA Disease Analyzer (DA) Germany and IQVIA Longitudinal Patient Database (LPD) Belgium]; hospital care [Clinical Data Warehouse of Bordeaux University Hospital (CHUBX, France)]; and the Estonian Biobank (EBB).

Neonatal Morbidities and Hospitalization in the First 2 Years of Life Among Infants Born Very Preterm.

Importance: Children born very preterm have increased health care use. However, there is a lack of research using contemporary national data quantifying hospitalizations after neonatal discharge to inform counseling of families and health care provision.

Objective: To examine hospital admissions after neonatal discharge and before 2 years of age among children born at less than 32 weeks' gestation and assess associations between hospitalization and neonatal morbidities.

Efficacy, feasibility, and safety of aquablation after previous urolift treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostate hyperplasia: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: The influence of a previous Urolift treatment on the outcomes of prostate Aquablation is still controversial. This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the perioperative outcomes, efficacy, feasibility, and safety of Aquablation after previous Urolift treatment.

Methods: The charts of patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) complicated by storage and voiding symptoms, who were previously treated with Urolift followed by Aquablation between January 2022 and July 2024, were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed for changes in International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), maximum urinary flow rates (Qmax), and postvoid residual volume (PVR) from baseline (pre-Aquablation) to the mean of three months postoperatively.

Geographic Variations of Intensive Care Unit Admissions with Substance-Related Diagnoses in the United States.

BackgroundSubstance use is an important contributor to morbidity, mortality, and healthcare utilization in the United States. While prior research has explored regional differences in substance use and related hospitalizations, the geographic variation in substance-related ICU admissions remains underexplored. We sought to compare the prevalence of ICU admissions involving substance use across geographic divisions and between urban and rural ICUs in the United States.

The gene family governs colonization in the dysbiotic gastrointestinal tract.

The fungal pathogen colonizes the human gut, where short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) serve as a source of carbon. This fungus harbors one of the largest microbial families of (acetate transporter ortholog) genes, which encode putative SCFA transport proteins. Here, we generate null mutants lacking individual or all known putative SCFA transporter genes and compare their phenotypes and .

Validation of the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI) in Doctor of Physical Therapy Learners: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Importance: The Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI) is an instrument that measures self-regulated learning. However, it has not been validated for use in entry-level Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) learners.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the LASSI in DPT learners.

MAAP - Mapping Advertising Assets Project: A cross-sectional analysis of food-related outdoor advertising and the relationship with deprivation in Leeds, UK.

Objective: Food environments can influence dietary behaviours. Promotion of foods high in fats, salt and sugars (HFSS) is a barrier to healthy eating. We explore advertising by deprivation in an English city.

Exploring the impact on emotional wellbeing of having a spouse or cohabiting partner with elevated Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) scores: Secondary analysis of cross-sectional health survey data.

Background/aims: To conduct an exploratory analysis of the association between the mental health and emotional wellbeing of an individual and the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) scores of their spouse or cohabiting partner.

Design: Observational study using two sources of secondary data: the Health Survey for England (HSE) and the Scottish Health Survey (SHeS). Data from 2012, 2015, 2016, 2017 (SHeS only) and 2018 (HSE only) were combined to create a single data set.

Reflecting on the social value of movement and dance.

Aims: This short report summarises the findings of a 51-page report on the social value of movement and dance in England, highlighting its contribution to public health, individual wellbeing, and community development.

Methods: The report synthesises data from multiple sources and quantifies the social value of movement and dance.

Results: Findings indicate that movement and dance contribute £3.

Artificial intelligence in joint arthroplasty: A bibliometric analysis of global research trends (2001-2025).

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly advanced the field of joint arthroplasty by transforming key aspects such as surgical planning, implant design, and postoperative management. Despite their growing importance, research trends and priorities in AI applications for joint arthroplasty remain underexplored. This study employed bibliometric analysis to elucidate the main research focus areas and global trends in AI and arthroplasty from 2001 to 2025.