Interplay of oxidative stress and antioxidant mechanisms in cancer development and progression.

Cellular systems responsible for the formation and removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS), functioning within physiological limits, are essential for maintaining intracellular redox balance. This state is known as oxidative eustress. Key redox signaling molecules, such as superoxide anion radical (O) and hydrogen peroxide (HO), operate at nanomolar concentrations and are produced by NADPH oxidases (regulated by various factors), the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC), and numerous enzymes.

Back-translation effects on static and contextual word embeddings for topic classification embedding in classification tasks.

This study investigates the impact of back-translation on topic classification, comparing its effects on static word vector representations (FastText) and contextual word embeddings (RoBERTa). Our objective was to determine whether back-translation improves classification performance across both types of embeddings. In experiments involving Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, and RNN-LSTM classifiers, we evaluated original datasets against those augmented with back-translated data in six languages.

Perceived level of teamwork as reported by registered nurses: a cross-sectional study.

Background: While teamwork is widely recognized as essential to safe and high-quality nursing care, its evaluation has been underexplored in Central and Eastern Europe. This study offers original insights by systematically assessing nursing teamwork in Slovak public hospitals. By identifying strengths and weaknesses in team dynamics through structured evaluation, it becomes possible to implement targeted, context-specific improvements that reflect the realities of the local healthcare system.

Ethical Principles Pertaining to the Care of People With Dementia: Protocol for a Qualitative Thematic Synthesis of Legal Documents.

Background: The global prevalence of dementia presents profound challenges for health care systems, societies, and legal structures worldwide. While the ethical dimensions of dementia care have been extensively discussed in the literature, limited research addresses how ethical principles are effectively operationalized within legal frameworks governing dementia care.

Objective: We aim to explore how national, European, and international legal instruments integrate and translate ethical principles such as autonomy, dignity, beneficence, and justice into dementia care legal documents, including case law and legislation.

Plant cyanogenic glycosides: from structure to properties and potential applications.

Cyanogenic glycosides (CGs) represent an important group of secondary metabolites predominantly of plant origin, characterized by their ability to release hydrogen cyanide upon enzymatic hydrolysis. These compounds are widely distributed across the plant kingdom, where they play a crucial role in defense against herbivores and pathogens. In recent years, advanced analytical tools have greatly expanded our knowledge of CGs by enabling the identification of less abundant forms.

The timing of maternal protein degradation during mammalian preimplantation development is species-specific.

In Brief: Proper degradation of maternally inherited proteins is a prerequisite for successful embryonic development. This study shows the species-specificity of this process.

Abstract: The mechanism of targeting maternal proteins for degradation during preimplantation development is an unexplored process.

Decoding corporate communication strategies: Analysing mandatory published information under Pillar 3 across turbulent periods with unsupervised machine learning.

This study explores the communication patterns of Slovak banks with stakeholders through mandatory disclosures mandated by Basel III's Pillar 3 framework and annual reports in 2007-2022. Our primary objective is to identify key topics communicated by banks and analysing the sentiment of this communication during turbulent periods (i.e.

Generation of Novel Monoclonal Antibodies Recognizing Rabbit CD34 Antigen.

The rabbit is a widely used experimental model for human translational research and stem cell therapy. Many studies have focused on rabbit mesenchymal stem cells from different biological sources for their possible application in regenerative medicine. However, a minimal number of studies have been published aimed at rabbit hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, mainly due to the lack of specific anti-rabbit CD34 antibodies.

Neuropsychological aspects of the patient's personality in the context of psychosomatic experience.

The primary objective of this study was to examine the relationship between personal variables, as measured by the NEO-PI-R, and psychosomatic symptoms, assessed through the PSS, from a neuropsychological perspective. The secondary aim was to evaluate the frequency of various psychosomatic symptoms and assess the extent to which participants experience these symptoms. This online study included participants from across Slovakia (n = 222, M = 34.

Cognitive, language and motor developmental patterns of extremely preterm children up to 2 years of age: a descriptive approach.

Background: Advancements in technology and pharmacology over the past 15 years have increased the survival rates of extremely low gestational age newborns to over 80%. However, these medical achievements are often accompanied by significant challenges in their early and long-term developmental competencies. This longitudinal descriptive study aimed to examine the neurodevelopmental patterns, prevalence of developmental delays, and associated risk factors -gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW)-in Slovak children born at extremely low gestational age (ELGA), from 7 to 8 months of corrected age to 24-25 months of chronological age, focusing on cognitive, motor, and language development.

Nurse Educators' Background, Education, and Experience in Digital Competence Profiles: A Descriptive Comparative Cross-Sectional Study in Four Countries.

Aim: To identify and compare the digital competence profiles of nurse educators, the background variables associated with profiles, and the self-assessed level of digital competence in four European countries.

Design: A descriptive comparative cross-sectional study.

Methods: Data were collected from nurse educators (n = 263) in 36 nursing education organisations in Finland, Malta, Slovakia and Spain.

Comparison classification algorithms and the YOLO method for video analysis and object detection.

This article focus on designing and programming an application for implementing the YOLO method v8 in the detection and subsequent classification of objects in video recordings. The application, developed in the Python programming language, allows the insertion of video recordings in mp4 format. It then divides the frames, enabling the use of the YOLO method for object detection, classification, and simultaneous determination of the time and frame at which the identified object is located.

Factors contributing to work motivation of nurses: Synthesis of qualitative studies.

The motivation of healthcare workers is a multifaceted challenge that demands a sustained and structured approach. The aim of the review was to gather and summarize findings from qualitative research exploring the factors that motivate nurses. A literature review search was conducted across five databases: Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect.

Beneficial effects of (L.) A. Nelson and its most abundant flavonoids on the main mechanisms related to diabetic bone disease.

Context: Diabetes mellitus represents a group of metabolic disorders that can adversely affect numerous organ systems, including the skeletal system. It elevates bone fragility and causes secondary osteoporosis, known as diabetic bone disease (DBD). The treatment of DBD depends on the control of hyperglycemia supplemented with anti-osteoporotic agents, but this has unsatisfactory efficiency.

Animal and human behavior to maximize energy income and to minimize its expenditure.

The viability and competitiveness of any living organism depend on its ability (1) to get the maximum of energy/resources and (2) to save maximum of obtained energy and to reduce its expenditure. Behavioral traits to achieve these goals listed above include different forms of territorial and social behavior, overconsumption of resources, temporal suppression of energy-demanding activity, as well as some kinds of individual protective behavior towards minimization of energy expenditure for manual and intellectual labor. In addition to these measures, in modern humans the increase in energy consumption: energy expenditure rate can be achieved not only by cooperation in increase of the efficiency of biological processes, but also in the application of instruments.

Polyphenolic spectrum of cornelian cherry fruits and their health-promoting effect.

Although cornelian cherry is an underutilized fruit species, its fruits have a high biological value due to valuable biologically active substances, especially polyphenols. The total content of polyphenols accounts for 37% of all the bioactive substances examined. Flavonols, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, and phenolic acids represent the main groups of phenolic compounds present and thanks to these compounds, cornelian cherry fruits possess mainly antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, metabolic, antidiabetic, cardioprotective, and anticancer effects.

Range expansion during recolonization: what does animal personality have to do with it?

At the edge of an ongoing expansion, pioneer individuals encounter novel ecological and evolutionary pressures that may not be experienced by conspecifics settled in long-colonized areas. Consistent behavioral differences among conspecifics (animal personality) may be important determinants of individuals' successful colonization of novel environments and range expansion. By enhancing an individual's ability to find food and shelter as well as increasing its capacity to navigate novel environments, behavioral traits such as exploration and risk-taking are thus expected to be more highly expressed in populations undergoing expansion than in established populations.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), an autocrine/paracrine regulator of basic ovarian functions and antagonist of kisspeptin.

The aim of the present study was to examine whether brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and BDNF-related molecules, such as the neuronal membrane glycoprotein M6a (GPM6A) and myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C), can be produced by ovarian cells and regulate ovarian cell functions as well as elucidate its functional interrelationships with the known regulator of ovarian cell functions kisspeptin (KP). For this purpose, we analyzed the expression of BDNF and GPM6A in rat ovaries and of BDNF, GPM6A and MEF2C in porcine ovarian granulosa cells; the influence of KP addition on the expression of BDNF, GPM6A and MEF2C; and the effects of BDNF, KP and the combination of BDNF + KP treatment on the proliferation, apoptosis and release of progesterone and estradiol by cultured porcine granulosa cells. The expression of BDNF, GPM6A and MEF2C was quantified by qPCR, and proliferation, apoptosis and hormone release were analyzed by BrdU incorporation, TUNEL and ELISA.

Assessing early childhood developmental functioning in the parental screening tool: an application of the Rasch model.

Objectives: Ensuring rapid and efficient detection of developmental difficulties in early childhood necessitates aligning screening tools with the timing of preventive examinations in each country, emphasizing the need for quick and effective unidimensional screening methods.

Aim: This study aims to assess the scalability and unidimensionality of developmental functioning in two- and three-year-old children using Guttman scaling and the Rasch model.

Methods: The anonymized data from 1,640 children aged 26 to 44 months, whose caregivers completed the S-PMV11 method, were gathered from routine pediatric preventive check-ups via the National Database.

Relationship between language features extracted through NLP and clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment in Slovak.

Background: Dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD), affects language, especially lexical-semantic processing. Discourse analysis using NLP methods can aid early detection, but research in inflectional languages like Slovak is limited.

Methods: Speech samples from 216 Slovak-speaking participants (64 AD, 44 MCI, 108 HC) were collected using a picture description task and analyzed for lexical complexity using 15 NLP-based measures.

Exploring Nursing Students' Perspectives on Patient Safety Culture in Clinical Settings: A Mixed-Method Study.

Background: Patient safety in undergraduate nursing studies is an indispensable component of the curriculum. The process of experiential learning from practice is of high value not only in terms of personal development but also enables students to identify and address critical areas of patient safety that require improvement.

Aim: To explore Czech undergraduate nursing students' perceptions of patient safety culture during clinical practice through a mixed-method sequential study.

The use and misuse of power in cognitive-behavioral therapy, schema therapy, and supervision.

Background: Power dynamics are fundamental to therapeutic and supervisory relationships in psychotherapy. In cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and schema therapy (ST), the therapist's power management can help the patient make positive changes. On the other hand, the abuse of power can undermine the patient's autonomy and worsen therapeutic outcomes.

3D-organization and spatial localization of chromatin and epigenetic marks linked to nucleolar activity in porcine oocytes.

Previous murine studies have established that large-scale chromatin modifications upon completion of oocyte growth are associated with nucleolar transcriptional silencing. These modifications seem essential both for completion of the oocyte's meiosis and subsequent embryonic developmental success. Investigating this putative interconnection between nucleolar transcriptional activity and spatial chromatin organization towards completion of oocyte growth in pigs, we scrutinized whether 3D chromatin organization and heterochromatin localization, along with epigenetic markers, could indicate oocyte quality and predict developmental competence of harvested porcine oocytes.

Polyphenolic Spectrum of Goji Berries and Their Health-Promoting Activity.

A significant increase in interest in new, naturally occurring sources of antioxidants is evident not only in the food industry but also in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Plant sources such as fruits, both traditional and less common, are often investigated. Goji berries (, , and ) represent fruits rich in polyphenols, especially phenolic acids (38.

Exploring the Association Between Sleep Patterns, Pubertal Health, and Phthalate Exposure-Preliminary Results from Slovakia.

Background: This study aims to explore the association between sleep patterns in children and their exposure to phthalates to assess potential health implications.

Methods: Participants (n = 60) completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Consumer behavior scores (CBS) were calculated.