Determination of the inter-observer and inter-scanner variability in the measurement of the renal resistive and renal pulsatility indices in dogs.

Renal Resistive Index (RRI) and Renal Pulsatility Index (RPI) are currently used in the diagnosis of ureteral obstruction, early diagnosis and follow-up of acute kidney injury, assessment of chronic kidney disease, and evaluation of transplanted kidneys. However, their inter-observer and inter-scanner variability has not been investigated in dogs, limiting the accuracy and clinical applicability of these indices. The objectives of this cross-sectional observational prospective study were to assess the inter-observer and inter-scanner variability of RRI and RPI and to determine whether operator experience influences measurement accuracy.

The gut-liver axis in progressive steatotic liver disease: A focus on bile acid dysregulation.

Introduction: The gut-liver axis regulates metabolic homeostasis, with bile acids (BAs) serving as key signalling molecules. BA dysregulation is implicated in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction- and alcohol-associated liver disease (MetALD), yet consistent identification of BA markers and their mechanistic roles across different stages of these diseases remain elusive.

Methods: We integrated three complementary studies to examine BA dysregulation: a population-based cohort (1522 females from TwinsUK with serum BA and liver biomarker data), a clinical cohort (30 patients with steatotic liver disease, fibrosis stages F0-F4, and 4 controls), and rodent models (20 rats with MASLD/MetALD vs.

The central dorsal component of the dorsoradial ligament of the trapeziometacarpal joint: Cadaveric and sonographic validation.

Purpose: Osteoarthritis of the trapeziometacarpal joint is very common, especially in females, and is closely associated with ligamentous laxity and joint subluxation. The dorsoradial ligament (DRL) remains largely unexplored in ultrasound studies despite its clinical relevance. This study aimed to identify the central fascicle of the DRL anatomically and ultrasonographically and to establish a standardized ultrasound examination protocol.

Defective Lymphangiogenesis and Iron Removal after Hemarthrosis in FVIII-deficient Mice are Rectified with Therapeutic FVIII Administration - Implications for Joint Health.

Background: Maladaptive lymphangiogenesis after hemarthrosis in Factor(F)VIII deficient (KO) mice facilitates synovial iron accumulation.

Objectives: To investigate the impact of FVIII treatment on lymphangiogenesis, iron clearance, and joint health after hemarthrosis.

Methods: Two days after knee injury/bleed (sub-patellar needle puncture) FVIII-KO mice were separated into three groups receiving (1) intravenous saline, (2) recombinant human (rh)FVIII for 2 days, or (3) murine (m)FcFVIII for 14 days.

Preparation and characterization of different immobilized and chemically modified preparations of lipase B from Candida antarctica: is it the activation energy a good indicator of the biocatalyst expressed activity?

Lipase B from Candida antarctica immobilized on octyl (via interfacial activation) and octyl-vinyl sulfone (covalently attached) agarose beads via different immobilization protocols was submitted to amination and/or glutaraldehyde modifications. The catalytic performance of the resulting biocatalysts significantly varied across different substrates: using octyl-CALB with the double modification, activity increased 3.5 fold versus triacetin and decreased by 5 % using R-methyl mandelate, while using the covalent biocatalyst, activity increase by 2.

Functional and Radiographic Outcomes After Surgical Management of Complex Proximal Ulna Fractures: A Retrospective Case Series.

Introduction: Complex proximal ulna fractures (including comminuted olecranon fractures and fracture-dislocations of the elbow) pose challenging management due to concomitant injuries to key stabilizers (radial head, coronoid process, and collateral ligaments). This study evaluates functional and radiographic outcomes following surgical treatment and explores the prognostic value of associated injuries, age stratification, and a new coronoid-centric classification system.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 43 patients with complex proximal ulna fractures treated between 2019 and 2024, with a minimum of 12 months follow-up (mean, 28 months).

Facial paralysis and vestibular Schwannoma surgery: new classification system for assessing non-total tumor resection.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of vestibular schwannoma surgeries over the past decade, focusing on surgical approach, facial nerve function, tumor recurrence, and to standardize a classification system for the extent of tumor resection.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study involving 197 patients who underwent vestibular schwannoma surgery between January 2014 and December 2023.

Methods: Data on demographics, tumor characteristics, surgical approach, and facial nerve function were collected.

Impact of toll-like receptors on food allergy. mechanisms involved and scientific evidence.

Food allergy (FA) is an exacerbated immune system response to harmless food antigens following sensitization. The incidence of FA has risen significantly over the past two decades, a trend often attributed to modern lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, antibiotic use, and urban environments. Sensitization may result from a compromised intestinal barrier caused by inflammatory bowel diseases, genetic predisposition, or a combination of both.

Effect of intraoperative paravertebral or intravenous lidocaine infusion on postoperative complications and inflammation after lung resection surgery: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: The potential for the anti-inflammatory effects of lidocaine to reduce complications after lung resection has not been evaluated. We assessed whether intraoperative i.v.

Comparative and developmental anatomy of the fibularis brevis muscle: morphological variants and their clinical significance.

Background: The fibularis brevis muscle (FBM)is a key stabilizer of the lateral ankle, yet its anatomy exhibits a notable degree of variability. While often overshadowed by the fibularis longus, FBM and its tendon (FBT) play critical roles in foot eversion, proprioception, and surgical reconstruction. However, inconsistent terminology and limited integrative studies have hindered comprehensive clinical understanding.

Effects of plantar static pressure distribution in subject with bilateral hallux limitus: a detailed case-control study.

Background: Hallux limitus (HL) is defined as the restriction of dorsiflexion (DF) in the first metatarsophalangeal joint (IMTFJ) under closed kinetic chain conditions, where the distal segment is fixed and the foot is in contact with the ground. This biomechanical condition compromises the Windlass mechanism during the propulsive phase of gait, generating pain and functional disability. Therefore, the aim of this research was to examine the aspect of foot shape linked to distribution of static plantar pressure in individuals with bilateral HL compared to subjects with normal foot.

Emergency Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Causes Attributable to Air Pollution and Extreme Temperatures in Spain: Influence of Economic and Demographic Factors in a Nationwide Study.

Using generalised linear models (GLMs) with a Poisson link, this study analysed the short-term effect of NO, ozone, PM and PM on the daily number of emergency hospital admissions due to cardiovascular disease (CVD), acute cerebrovascular disease, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and ischaemic heart disease (IHD). The impact of the minimum daily temperature in cold waves and maximum daily temperature in heat waves was likewise analysed. Specific dose-response functions were calculated for each province and cause of admission considered.

Long-term benefits of autologous stem cell transplantation versus intensive chemotherapy consolidation for acute myeloid leukemia patients: A propensity score matching analysis from the PETHEMA AML registry.

While allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is the preferred consolidation for high and most intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients in first remission, the role of autologous SCT (auto-SCT) vs. chemotherapy (CT) when allo-SCT is not feasible or indicated, remains controversial. We conducted a real-world, retrospective cohort study using the PETHEMA AML registry to compare auto-SCT and CT.

Can Large Artificial Intelligence-Based Linguistic Models Help to Obtain Information About Burning Mouth Syndrome?

Objective: Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is an idiopathic chronic orofacial pain disorder with diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Inexperienced clinicians may desperately resort to online information. The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness, quality, and readability of responses generated by three artificial intelligence large language models (AI-LLMs)-ChatGPT-4, Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot-to frequent questions about BMS.

Durvalumab Plus Platinum-Etoposide in Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Outcomes in Age, Sex, and Platinum Subgroups From the Phase 3 CASPIAN Study.

Introduction: In the phase 3 CASPIAN study, first-line durvalumab plus etoposide combined with either carboplatin or cisplatin (EP) significantly improved overall survival (OS) versus EP alone in treatment-naïve extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). We report exploratory subgroup analyses from CASPIAN.

Methods: Patients with untreated ES-SCLC were randomized to durvalumab plus EP or EP alone.

Sex Differences in State-of-the-Art Management for Left Main Disease.

Background: Although higher mortality has been reported among women undergoing coronary revascularization for left main coronary artery disease (LMD), it remains unclear whether contemporary approaches can address these disparities.

Objectives: We investigated sex differences in outcomes using the DEFINE-LM (deferral of coronary revascularization based on instantaneous wave-free ratio evaluation for left main coronary artery disease) registry, in which state-of-the-art management was employed.

Methods: We analyzed 314 patients from an international, multicenter registry, where all patients received state-of-the-art management, including physiology-guided revascularization decisions, intracoronary imaging-optimized drug-eluting stent deployment, or surgical procedures with internal thoracic artery grafts, alongside guideline-directed medical therapy.

Physiology-Guided Complete Revascularization in Older Patients With Myocardial Infarction: Three-Year Outcomes of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Complete revascularization in older patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and multivessel disease has been shown to reduce cardiovascular death and MI at 1 year. However, the durability of this benefit over longer follow-up periods has been questioned by recent studies.

Objective: To determine whether the benefit of physiology-guided complete treatment, compared with culprit-only treatment, is sustained at 3 years in older patients with MI and multivessel disease.

Systematic review and modelling of seroprevalence in humans, Europe, 2000 to 2021.

BACKGROUND is a zoonotic protozoan capable of infecting warm-blooded animal species and humans. Although toxoplasmosis presents mostly as mild or asymptomatic infection in immunocompetent individuals, in unborn children and people with weakened immune systems, the disease can be severe with ocular, neurological or multi-systemic manifestations and even death.AIMWe aimed to collate and analyse data on seroprevalence in humans to model and compare age-dependent prevalence in geographic regions in Europe.

Mandibular Rotated Pediculated Flap: A Technique to Increase Peri-Implant Mucosa Thickness.

Objectives: Peri-implant soft tissue is considered critical for maintaining peri-implant health, minimizing esthetic and biological complications, and promoting the long-term stability of implant-supported restorations. This article describes a straightforward and minimally invasive technique for augmenting the peri-implant mucosa thickness (MT) in the mandibular posterior area using a rotated pedicled flap (MRPF).

Clinical Considerations: The described surgical procedure was conducted on sixteen systemically healthy adults (8 males, 8 females) with posterior mandibular partial edentulism and a thin tissue phenotype.

Effect of Abutment Color and Soft Tissues Changes on the Esthetic Outcome of Implant-Supported Lithium Disilicate Restorations.

Objetive: To evaluate the influence of titanium and gold-shaded titanium as well as peri-implant soft tissue thickness on the optical outcome of implant-supported lithium disilicate single crowns.

Methods: Eighteen patients received an anterosuperior implant (Astra Tech Implant System EV). Two customized titanium abutments (gold and conventional) were fabricated, and a lithium disilicate crown was placed.

Rationale and design of European microCirculatory Resistance and Absolute Flow Team: The Euro-CRAFT Registry.

Introduction: Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is increasingly recognized as an important cause of anginal symptoms and poor outcomes. Angina with non-obstructive coronary arteries (ANOCA) is often related to CMD. While physiological assessment of microcirculatory function by coronary bolus thermodilution is widely practiced, more precise and reproducible methodology as well as systematic assessment are necessary.

Tracking the Spatial and Functional Dispersion of Vaccine-Related Canine Distemper Virus Genotypes: Insights from a Global Scoping Review.

Canine morbillivirus (CDV), the cause of canine distemper, is a pathogen affecting many hosts. While modified live virus (MLV) vaccines are crucial for controlling the disease in dogs, cases of vaccine-related infections have been found in both domestic and wild animals. Specifically, the America-1 and Rockborn-like vaccine genotypes are concerning due to their spread and ability to transmit between different species.

Challenges and Achievements in the In Vitro Culture of : Insights into the Excystation Process.

is the only ciliate currently described as an intestinal parasite of humans, although it can also infect other animals, particularly pigs. Its in vitro cultivation remains challenging, and no axenic culture system is currently available. Cultures are initiated by adding small amounts of feces containing cysts or trophozoites to the culture medium.

Enhanced Accuracy in Jump Power Estimation Using Photoelectric Cell System and GRS80 Location-Specific Gravitational Acceleration.

Power is essential in sports and is typically calculated using a standard gravity value of = 9.81 m·s. However, this value varies according to altitude and geographical latitude.

Association of as an Extragastric Reservoir in the Oral Cavity with Oral Diseases in Patients with and Without Gastritis-A Systematic Review.

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the association between in the oral cavity as an extragastric reservoir and oral diseases in patients with or without gastritis. Following the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted on the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Central, and Embase databases (2010-2025) using MeSH terms and keywords related to , the oral cavity, and oral diseases. Inclusion criteria included observational studies, clinical trials, and case-control studies.