PD-L1 expression in locally advanced cervical cancer: A pilot cross clone comparison study.

Purpose: Recent immunotherapy trials in locally advanced cervical cancer report high PD-L1 positivity rates whereas academic multicentric initiatives report a lower PD-L1 positivity. These observations necessitate cross-clone comparison to understand the observed differences.

Methods: Two different clones used in previous multicentric international studies SP142 (BIOEMBRACE) and 22C3 (KEYNOTE-A18) were used to test PD-L1 positivity in a pilot cohort of FIGO 2018 stage III cervical cancer patients recruited in a phase III trial.

The Conformational Landscape of AlphaFold2-Predicted Amyloidogenic Light Chains and Their Correlation With VL Domain Mutations and Aggregation Propensity.

Systemic light-chain amyloidosis (AL) is caused by the misfolding and aggregation of immunoglobulin light chains (LCs), which natively form homodimers comprising variable (VL) and constant (CL) domains in each monomer. High sequence variability, particularly within the VL domain, results in varied structural changes and aggregation propensities, making it challenging to develop broadly effective native protein stabilizers/aggregation inhibitors, as each AL patient carries a unique light chain. Using artificial intelligence (AI)-based AlphaFold2, known for its accuracy in modeling folded proteins, we generated an extensive repertoire of structural models of full-length LCs from four amyloidogenic germlines: IGLV1(λ1), IGLV3(λ3), IGLV6(λ6), and IGKV1(κ1), over-represented in AL patients to identify germline-specific structural features.

Unmasking enteritis: reply to commentary titled "Clarifying Gastrointestinal toxicity attribution in WP-SBRT: A commentary on Dinesan et al. and proposal of a bladder-bowel displacement index".

We thank the authors for their insightful commentary on our manuscript, "Acute Enteritis with Pelvic SBRT: Influence of Bowel Delineation Methods." In this response, we clarify our methodological decision to focus exclusively on acute enteritis and to exclude proctitis. We highlight the distinct clinical profiles of proctitis and enteritis, emphasizing the importance of careful history taking and clinical evaluation.

Exploring the influence of donor physiognomic factors on packed red cell unit quality: A retrospective analysis from a tertiary care transfusion center.

Background: Donor physiognomic characteristics play a critical role in determining the quality of packed red cell units (PRBCs), which directly impacts transfusion outcomes. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the influence of donor physiognomic factors on PRBC quality at a tertiary care transfusion center.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 250 randomly selected blood donors from January 2015 to August 2018.

PET-based radiomic analysis in multicentre lung cancer study and impact of feature domain harmonization.

Radiomic biomarkers have demonstrated significant potential in non-invasively assessing tumor biology and providing essential insights for precision medicine. However, the clinical translation is often hindered by challenges in multicenter studies, primarily due to a lack of standardization, such as variations in scanner models, acquisition protocols, reconstruction techniques, etc. This study aims to assess the impact of various harmonization methods in multicenter, 18 F-FDG PET-based radiomics for the classification of lung cancer histological subtypes using a machine learning model.

Naringenin Inhibits Cellular Proliferation, Arrests Cell Cycle and Induces Pro-Apoptotic Autophagy in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells.

The global incidence of breast cancer has significantly increased, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies. Current treatment options are often limited by drug resistance and adverse effects, necessitating the exploration of alternative compounds. Naringenin, a naturally occurring flavonoid in citrus fruits, exhibits antimicrobial, anti-atherogenic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties.

Long-term outcomes of consecutive patients of oropharyngeal cancer treated with radical radiotherapy.

Objectives: Given the wide variation in the incidence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HPV and assess treatment outcomes in patients with OPSCC treated with definitive radiotherapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy (CT) at a single institution in India.

Methods: Consecutive patients of OPSCC treated with definitive RT + /-CT in a tertiary care centre from January 2013 to December 2017 were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and Log-rank test was used for univariate analysis.

A Prospective Observational Study on Compliance with Enhanced Recovery Pathways and Their Impact on Postoperative Outcomes Following Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy.

Background: Enhanced recovery pathways have been shown to improve postoperative morbidity and reduce hospital stay across various surgical settings. However, the implementation of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathways in cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is often challenging and varies between institutions. We evaluated the impact of ERAS compliance on postoperative outcomes and return to intended oncological therapy (RIOT).

Rule-based AI automated adaptive treatment planning for image guided cervical cancer brachytherapy.

Background And Purpose: A rule-based AI system for automated adaptive treatment planning for image guided adaptive brachytherapy (IGABT) of locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) was developed at Erasmus MC, and internally and externally validated by Erasmus MC and Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), respectively.

Materials And Methods: The BiCycle system generates automated plans with adapted requirements for each fraction, considering previously delivered external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and BT doses, according EMBRACE-II protocol. It optimizes dosimetric parameters and loading patterns for available radioactive source positions.

14-3-3ε inhibits premature centriole disengagement by inhibiting the activity of Plk1 and separase.

The 14-3-3 protein family regulates several pathways in mammalian cells, including centrosome duplication. However, the precise mechanisms by which 14-3-3 paralogs regulate the centrosome cycle remain unclear. To identify the mechanisms by which 14-3-3ε regulates centrosome duplication, we altered two conserved acidic residues in the 14-3-3ε phospho-peptide-binding pocket that regulate complex formation and dissociation with the associated ligands, D127 and E134, to alanine.

Efficacy of losartan plus modified FOLFIRINOX versus modified FOLFIRINOX in advanced pancreatic cancers: A randomized clinical trial (AFPAC Study).

Background: The addition of angiotensin receptor blockers like losartan (L) has been shown to improve outcomes in small prospective studies of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC).

Methods: Patients diagnosed with treatment-naive locally advanced/metastatic PDAC with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-1 and adequate end- organ function were randomly assigned (1:1) to either chemotherapy (mFOLFIRINOX or mFOLFIRINOX plus oral losartan 50 mg per day). The current unplanned analysis was conducted to identify an early signal of efficacy.

Debate 3: Metastasis Directed Therapy in Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer.

Oligometastatic prostate cancer (OMPC), characterized by limited metastatic burden (≤5 lesions), encompasses 3 major subtypes: de novo synchronous oligometastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (om-HSPC), metachronous oligorecurrent HSPC (or-HSPC), and oligoprogressive castrate-resistant prostate cancer (op-CRPC). Metastasis-directed therapy (MDT), particularly stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), has been widely adopted and offers a noninvasive approach for delaying disease progression and achieving durable local control while maintaining the quality of life (QoL). This review examines the evolving evidence supporting MDT across OMPC spectrum.

The Putative Packaging ATPase of Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus Is an Essential Protein That Interacts With the Genome Segregation and Packaging Machinery.

Giant viruses are hypothesized to utilize the FtsK/HerA type ATP-driven motor to package the genome during the virus assembly. Previously, we reported the presence of several recombinases and topoisomerase II in Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus (APMV) that could potentially work in concert with the vaccinia virus (VV) A32-like packaging motor to facilitate segregation of the genome and its packaging in giant viruses. In the present study, we have identified the interaction network among the probable components of the APMV segro-packasome machinery, namely, two paralogous packaging motors, three paralogous recombinases, and a topoisomerase II using yeast two-hybrid and pull-down assays.

Tailoring prostate cancer external beam radiotherapy for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms.

Background: This narrative review aims to examine the biological mechanisms of toxicity in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) receiving prostate cancer (PCa) external beam radiotherapy (RT), as well as possible strategies to prevent genitourinary (GU) toxicity following PCa RT in men with BPH, through the adaptation of both medical, surgical, and irradiation strategies.

Methods: A broad literature search was performed in November 2024 in the PubMed database with the terms "prostate cancer", "prostate epithelial cells", "prostate stromal cells", "radiation therapy", "lower urinary tract symptoms", "stereotactic body radiotherapy", "transurethral resection of the prostate", "enucleation".

Results: RT affects several pathophysiological contributors to LUTS, such as urothelial dysfunction, prostatic inflammation and bladder fibrosis.

Evaluation of brachytherapy applicators and their association with morbidity and local control in cervix cancer: An EMBRACE I analysis.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of brachytherapy (BT) applicator and implant type on morbidity and local control (LC) in locally advanced cervix cancer patients.

Methods: 1071 patients treated with radiochemotherapy including MRI-guided BT using tandem&ring (T&R) or tandem&ovoids (T&O) from 19 EMBRACE-I centers were analyzed. Intracavitary (IC) or intracavitary/interstitial (IC/IS) implants were used.

Establishment and molecular characterization of the novel cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line from advanced-stage Indian patient.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the second most prevalent skin cancer with low metastatic potential; it poses significant morbidity challenges. CSCC possesses significant heterogeneity and the treatment presents a formidable challenge. To gain a clear insight into the diverse nature of these tumors, the development of an in vitro cell line model is essential.

Novel interaction with PSMD9 regulates DNAJA1 turnover and mitochondrial polarity.

Understanding protein-protein interactions in cancer is essential for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. Chaperone proteins often form cooperative networks that regulate key cellular processes, many of which are disrupted in cancer, offering potential targets for intervention. PSMD9, a chaperone involved in 26S proteasome assembly, is frequently overexpressed in various cancers and is linked to resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Abiraterone for "STAMPEDE-Like" cohort of high-risk prostate cancer in the PSMA-PET era: too much, too early?

Purpose: To assess long-term survival in a "STAMPEDE-like" cohort of high-risk locally advanced prostate cancer, staged with PSMA PET-CT, treated with hypofractionated radiotherapy (RT) and long-term androgen deprivation therapy (LT-ADT) without abiraterone.

Materials & Methods: Patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer fulfilling "STAMPEDE high-risk" criteria, staged with PSMA PET-CT, treated with external beam RT from 2016 to 2021 were included. RT dose was >74 Gy equivalent to prostate with LT-ADT ≥ 2 years.

Establishment and characterization of patient-derived tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell lines.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common carcinoma in Indian population, wherein one-third of global OSCC cases are from India. The five-year survival rate is poor due to late diagnosis. Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is the second-most common OSCC.

LCN2 promotes focal adhesion formation and invasion by stimulating c-Src activation.

Previous work has demonstrated that lipocalin2 (LCN2) expression promotes invasion and migration in multiple tumor types. The mechanisms by which LCN2 promotes invasion and migration remain unclear. Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated that LCN2 promotes actin filament formation by inhibiting actin glutathionylation.

MicroRNA Signatures: Illuminating Minimal Residual Disease Monitoring in Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia - A Review.

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is an aggressive pediatric myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by RAS pathway mutations and significant heterogeneity. Minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring is crucial for evaluating treatment response and predicting relapse risk. MicroRNA (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs with pivotal roles in gene regulation, have emerged as promising biomarkers for JMML MRD detection.

Classical Indian music for managing anxiety and pain among patients in a hospital setting: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The quantitative impact of classical Indian music (CIM) on pain and anxiety is relatively underexplored. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess whether music medicine (MM) using CIM improves anxiety and/or pain among patients of all ages in a hospital setting.

Methods: We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, PsychInfo, Embase, and Google Scholar from their inception until January 29, 2025.

Fifth edition WHO classification: precursor lymphoid neoplasms, acute leukaemias of mixed or ambiguous lineage, myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms, and histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms, including strategies for application in resource-limited settings.

The fifth edition of the WHO classification of haematolymphoid tumours (WHO-HEM5) introduces significant updates to the classification of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, ALAL (including mixed phenotype acute leukaemia (MPAL)), myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and tyrosine kinase gene fusions (MLN-TK), and histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms, reflecting the advances in the understanding of the genetic basis of these diseases. This review provides an overview of these changes, highlighting a shift to a more refined molecular-genetic approach. The incorporation of newly recognised genetic subtypes into the classification scheme underscores the evolving landscape of these entities.