The Transmission of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile with a One Health Perspective.

Infect Dis Clin North Am

School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic add

Published: September 2025


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Article Abstract

Clostridioides difficile infection is a significant public health concern traditionally linked to health care settings. However, genomic evidence increasingly supports the spread of C difficile across humans, animals, food, and the environment with sources and reservoirs outside health care settings. Here, we review the transmission routes of C difficile within a One Health framework to uncover these complex interconnections. Understanding these pathways is essential for developing effective, integrated infection prevention and control strategies for health care and the community.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2025.07.003DOI Listing

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