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In many model organisms, the circadian system has been proposed to comprise multiple oscillators that interact to promote accuracy of the clock as well as intricacies of rhythmic outputs. In Neurospora crassa, the circadian transcriptional/translational loop comprising of the FRQ (Frequency) and WCC (White Collar Complex) proteins has been instrumental in explaining many attributes of the clock including entrainment and rhythms in development and gene expression; in addition, some non-circadian oscillations can be unmasked when the FRQ-WCC feedback loop is eliminated. These rhythms have often lost defining circadian characteristics and are potentially controlled by other oscillators, termed FRQ-less oscillators (FLOs) in Neurospora. Understanding the biology of these oscillators and their hierarchical relationship with the FRQ-WCC oscillator (FWO) are salient questions in rhythms research. In this study, we examined candidate FLO effector pathways involving peroxiredoxins (Prxs) and mTOR. We find that independent gene knockouts compromising each pathway do not alter circadian period length or decrease the amplitude of the core circadian FWO rhythm in any meaningful way in Neurospora. Our findings suggest that molecular rhythms in Prx oxidation and in mTOR activity on the chol-1 FLO oscillator are neither required for nor strongly regulate FWO components during a normal circadian day.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101619 | DOI Listing |
Fungal Biol
October 2025
Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA. Electronic address:
In many model organisms, the circadian system has been proposed to comprise multiple oscillators that interact to promote accuracy of the clock as well as intricacies of rhythmic outputs. In Neurospora crassa, the circadian transcriptional/translational loop comprising of the FRQ (Frequency) and WCC (White Collar Complex) proteins has been instrumental in explaining many attributes of the clock including entrainment and rhythms in development and gene expression; in addition, some non-circadian oscillations can be unmasked when the FRQ-WCC feedback loop is eliminated. These rhythms have often lost defining circadian characteristics and are potentially controlled by other oscillators, termed FRQ-less oscillators (FLOs) in Neurospora.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Fungi (Basel)
August 2025
Departamento de Microbiología, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada 22860, B.C., Mexico.
Endocytosis in filamentous fungi is spatially restricted to a subapical zone known as the endocytic collar, which plays essential roles in membrane recycling and the maintenance of polarized growth. In this study, we investigated the ontogeny of the endocytic collar in by tracking fimbrin-labeled endocytic patches using confocal microscopy during conidial germination, hyphal branching, and regeneration following mechanical injury. We consistently observed an initial accumulation of endocytic patches at the hyphal tip, forming an apical cap, which later reorganized into a subapical collar.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFG3 (Bethesda)
August 2025
Dept of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6.
Many microorganisms are able to use plant-derived aromatic and cyclic compounds like the common plant secondary metabolite quinic acid as carbon and energy sources. In fungi, three enzymatic steps convert quinic acid into the common intermediate protocatechuic acid, which is then further converted into TCA cycle intermediates. The genes encoding these three enzymes are known to be part of a gene cluster in Neurospora crassa along with a permease, a gene of unknown function, and an activator-repressor module controlling expression of the cluster.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmBio
August 2025
Plant and Microbial Biology Department, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
Cells must accurately sense and respond to nutrients to compete for resources and establish growth. Phosphate is a critical nutrient source necessary for signaling, energy metabolism, and synthesis of nucleic acids, phospholipids, and cellular metabolites. During phosphate limitation, fungi import phosphate from the environment and liberate phosphate from phosphate-containing molecules in the cell.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Genet
August 2025
MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Clearance and adaptation to reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucial for cell survival. As in other eukaryotes, the catalases in Neurospora crassa are the main enzymes responsible for ROS clearance, primarily by decomposing hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), a major type of ROS. Their expression is tightly regulated by growth and environmental conditions.
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