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Despite their clinical relevance, the within-host evolution of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales is still poorly understood. To estimate the within-host evolutionary rates of ESBL-producing and species complex, we fitted phylodynamic models to genomic sequence data of longitudinally collected rectal swabs from 63 colonized hospital patients. We estimated an average within-host evolutionary rate of 7.71e-07 [4.60e-07,1.10e-06] mutations/site/year for and 4.20e-07 [1.57e-07,7.14e-07] mutations/site/year for the species complex, with limited variation observed across patients and sequence types. These estimates are presumably the most accurate reported so far and are useful for future epidemiological and evolutionary studies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.001499 | DOI Listing |
FEMS Microbiol Ecol
September 2025
School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, 3A Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand, 1142.
The relationship between, and joint selection on, a host and its microbes-the holobiont-can impact evolutionary and ecological outcomes of the host and its microbial community. We develop an agent-based modelling framework for understanding the ecological dynamics of hosts and their microbiomes. Our model incorporates numerous microbial generations per host generation allowing selection on both host and microbes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrob Genom
September 2025
Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland.
Despite their clinical relevance, the within-host evolution of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales is still poorly understood. To estimate the within-host evolutionary rates of ESBL-producing and species complex, we fitted phylodynamic models to genomic sequence data of longitudinally collected rectal swabs from 63 colonized hospital patients. We estimated an average within-host evolutionary rate of 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe evolutionary dynamics of seasonal influenza A viruses (IAVs) have been well characterized at the population level, with antigenic drift known to be a major force in driving strain turnover. The evolution of IAV populations at the within-host level, however, is still less well characterized. Improving our understanding of within-host IAV evolution has the potential to shed light on the source of new strains, including new antigenic variants, at the population level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHidden within host cells, the endosymbiont is the most prevalent bacterial infection in the animal kingdom. Scientific breakthroughs over the past century yielded fundamental mechanisms by which controls arthropod reproduction to shape dynamic ecological and evolutionary trajectories. However, the structure and spatial organization of symbiont machineries that underpin intracellular colonization and orchestrate maternal inheritance remain unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Host Microbe
August 2025
Division of Molecular Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK. Electronic address:
Streptococcus pneumoniae colonizes human airways, where it acquires sugars from glycosylated mucins using glycoside hydrolases and sugar transport systems. This study identifies widespread nucleotide sequence variation in the promoter of a pneumococcal operon encoding a glycan scavenging system. We identify 78 promoter sequence patterns across 21,155 genomes, with variation clustered within a stretch of adenines, where mutations accumulate via strand slippage during DNA replication.
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